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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/2122/2992

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Title: Discriminating the-long distance dispersal of fine ash from sustained columns or near ground ash clouds: the example of the Pomici di Avellino eruption (Somma-Vesuvius, Italy).
Authors: Sulpizio, R.*
Bonasia, R.*
Dellino, P.*
Di Vito, M. A.*
La Volpe, L.*
Mele, D.*
Zanchetta, G.*
Sadori, L.*
Keywords: Pomici di Avellino eruption
ash dispersal
atmosphere dynamics
volcanic hazard
Issue Date: 2007
Publisher: elsevier
Title of journal: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
Abstract: Ash samples from tephra layers correlated with the Pomici di Avellino (Avellino Pumice) eruption of Somma-Vesuvius were collected in distal archives and their composition and particle morphology investigated in order to infer their behaviour of transportation and deposition. Differences in composition and particle morphologies were recognised for ash particles belonging to the magmatic Plinian and final phreatomagmatic phases of the eruption. The ash particles were dispersed in opposite directions during the two different phases of the eruption, and these directions are also different from that of coarse-grained fallout deposits. In particular, ash generated during magmatic phase and injected in the atmosphere to form a sustained column shows a prevailing SE dispersion, while ash particles generated during the final phreatomagmatic phase and carried by pyroclastic density currents show a general NW dispersion. These opposite dispersions indicate an ash dispersal influenced by both high and low atmosphere dynamics. In particular, the magmatic ash dispersal was first driven by stratospheric wind towards NE and then the falling particles encountered a variable wind field during their settling, which produced the observed preferential SE dispersal. The wind field encountered by the rising ash clouds that accompanied the pyroclastic density currents of the final phreatomagmatic phase was different with respect to that encountered by the magmatic ash, and produced a NW dispersal. These data demonstrate how ash transportation and deposition are greatly influenced by both high and low atmosphere dynamics. In particular, fine-grained particles transported in ash clouds of small-scale pyroclastic density currents may be dispersed over distances and cover areas comparable with those injected into the stratosphere by Plinian, sustained columns. This is a point not completely addressed by present day mitigation plans in case of renewal of activity at Somma-Vesuvius, and can yield important information also for other volcanoes potentially characterised by explosive activity.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/2122/2992
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2007.11.012
Appears in Collections:Papers Published / Papers in press
04.04.10. Stratigraphy
04.04.05. Mineralogy and petrology

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