Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/2122/14239
Authors: Lombardi, Anna Maria* 
Del Gaudio, Pierdomenico* 
Guo, Zhengfu* 
Zhang, Maoliang* 
Liu, Guoming* 
Sepe, Vincenzo* 
Liu, Jiaqi* 
Ventura, Guido* 
Title: Scenario-Based Pyroclastic Density Current Invasion Maps at Poorly Known Volcanoes: A Case Study from Changbaishan (China/North Korea)
Journal: Applied Sciences 
Series/Report no.: /10 (2020)
Publisher: MDPI
Issue Date: 2020
DOI: 10.3390/app10072622
Abstract: Changbaishan volcano (China/North Korea; last eruption in 1903 AD) was responsible for a Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) 7 eruption in 946 AD. Approximately 186,000 people live around Changbaishan and 2,000,000 tourists/year visit the volcano. An unrest occurred between 2002 and 2006. Despite the relevant hazard, the eruptive history is poorly known, a condition common to many volcanoes worldwide. Here, we investigate the extension of the areas potentially a ected by pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) in case of future eruptions following a scenario-based approach. We perform energy cone runs referred to four scenarios from columns of height 3, 10, 20 and 30 km at di erent vents. By using global datasets on PDCs, we produce spatial probability maps of PDCs invasion. Empirical laws between covered areas, PDC travelled distances, and heights of collapse are provided. In scenarios 3 and 4, PDCs expand at distances up to 42 km and 85 km, respectively. In scenarios 1 and 2, PDCs invade the touristic area and few main roads. Severe e ects emerge from scenarios 3 and 4 with the interruption of the China–North Korea land and aerial connections and PDC. Our approach may serve as guide for the rapid evaluation of the PDC-related hazard at poorly known volcanoes.
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