Mapping and evaluating kinematics and the stress and strain field at active faults and fissures: a comparison between field and drone data at the NE rift, Mt Etna (Italy)

We collected drone data to quantify the kinematics
at extensional fractures and normal faults, integrated this
information with seismological data to reconstruct the stress
field, and critically compared the results with previous fieldwork
to assess the best practice. As a key site, we analyzed
a sector of the northeast rift of Mt Etna, an area affected by
continuous ground deformation linked to gravity sliding of
the volcano’s eastern flank and dike injections. The studied
sector is characterized also by the existence of eruptive
craters and fissures and lava flows. This work shows that this
rift segment is affected by a series of NNE- to NE-striking,
parallel extensional fractures characterized by an opening
mode along an average N105.7 vector. The stress field is
characterized by a Hmin trending northwest–southeast. Normal
faults strike parallel to the extensional fractures. The extensional
strain obtained by cumulating the net offset at extensional
fractures with the fault heave gives a stretching ratio
of 1.003 in the northeastern part of the study area and
1.005 in the southwestern part. Given a maximum age of
1614 CE for the offset lavas, we obtained an extension rate
of 1.9 cm yr􀀀1 for the last 406 years. This value is consistent
with the slip along the Pernicana Fault system, confirming
that the NE rift structures accommodate the sliding of the
eastern flank of the volcano.

This research has been supported by the European
Commission, Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (NEANIAS
(grant no. 863448)).

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