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Marteau, J.
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Marteau, J.
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- PublicationOpen AccessExperimental detection of upward going cosmic particles and consequences for correction of density radiography of volcanoes(2013-12)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; Muon tomography measures the flux of cosmic muons crossing geological bodies to determine their density. The telescopes used to perform measurements are exposed to noise fluxes with high intensities relative to the tiny flux of interest. We give experimental evidences of a so far never described source of noise caused by a flux of upward going particles. Data acquired on La Soufrière of Guadeloupe and Mount Etna reveal that upward going particles are detected only when the rear side of the telescope is exposed to a wide volume of atmosphere located below the altitude of the telescope and with a rock obstruction less than several tens of meters. Biases produced on density muon radiographies by upward going fluxes are quantified, and correction procedures are applied to radiographies of La Soufrière.176 36 - PublicationRestrictedGeophysical muon imaging: feasibility and limits(2010-12)
; ; ; ; ; ; ;Lesparre, N.; Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (UMR CNRS 7154), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France ;Gibert, D.; Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (UMR CNRS 7154), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France ;Marteau, J.; Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (UMR CNRS 5822), Lyon, France ;Déclais, Y.; Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (UMR CNRS 5822), Lyon, France ;Carbone, D.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Catania, Catania, Italia ;Galichet, E.; Conservatoire National des Arts et M´etiers, Paris, France; ; ; ; ; We study the possibility of muon radiography as a tool to investigate space and time changes in the internal density distribution inside geological structures. Previous work has shown the practical applicability of this method. Nevertheless, quantitative information on factors which impose limitations on it are still sorely lacking in the literature. We discuss the main issues that can influence the final result of a geophysical imaging experiment. In particular, with the view of optimizing the signal-to-noise ratio, we address issues concerning (i) the energy spectrum for muons arriving at different zenith angles, (ii) the muon propagation model through matter and (iii) the characteristics of the muon detector (telescope) that we have designed to perform experiments of muon radiography against the harsh environment usually encountered in the active zone of a volcano. We thus identify factors that can induce either static or dynamic effects and that should be taken into account. We also define a feasibility eq. (32) relating the geometrical characteristics of the telescope and the duration of the experiment to the expected density resolution, in turn a function of the geometrical characteristics of the target structure. This relation is especially important to define the applicability domain of muon radiography and it is utilized to test the suitability of the method to investigate the density distribution inside some candidate target structures.177 22 - PublicationRestrictedThe MU-RAY project: Summary of the round-table discussions(2010)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Beauducel, F.; Institut de Physique du Globe, Paris, (IPGP), France ;Bross, A.; Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL, USA ;Buontempo, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Napoli, Italy ;D’Auria, L.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;D´eclais, Y.; Institut de Physique Nucleaire de Lyon (IPNL), France ;De Lellis, G.; Universit`a di Napoli “Federico II” (UniNA), Italy;Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Napoli, Italy ;Festa, G.; Universit`a di Napoli “Federico II” (UniNA), Italy ;Gasparini, P.; Universit`a di Napoli “Federico II” (UniNA), Italy;Consorzio Analisi e Monitoraggio Rischi Ambientali (AMRA), Napoli, Italy ;Gibert, D.; Institut de Physique du Globe, Paris, (IPGP), France ;Hoshina, K.; University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA ;Iacobucci, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Napoli, Italy ;Lesparre, N.; Institut de Physique du Globe, Paris, (IPGP), France ;Macedonio, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Marotta, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Napoli, Italy ;Marteau, J; Institut de Physique Nucl´eaire de Lyon (IPNL), France ;Martini, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Miele, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Napoli, Italy; Universit`a di Napoli “Federico II” (UniNA), Italy ;Migliozzi, P.; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Napoli, Italy ;Moura, C. A.; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Napoli, Italy ;Orazi, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Pla-Dalmau, A.; Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL, USA ;Pisanti, O.; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Napoli, Italy; Università di Napoli “Federico II” (UniNA), Italy ;Pastor, S.; Instituto de F´ısica Corpuscular (CSIC-Universitat de Val`encia), Spain ;Peluso, R.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Rubinov, P.; Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL, USA ;Scarpato, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Sekhniaidze, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Napoli, Italy ;Strolin, P.; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Napoli, Italy; Università di Napoli “Federico II” (UniNA), Italy ;Taira, H.; Earthquake Research Institute (ERI), University of Tokyo, Japan ;Tanaka, M.; Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK, Japan ;Tanaka, H. K. M.; Earthquake Research Institute (ERI), University of Tokyo, Japan ;Tarantola, A.; Institut de Physique du Globe, Paris, (IPGP), France ;Uchida, T.; Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Japan ;Vassallo, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Napoli, Italy; Consorzio Analisi e Monitoraggio Rischi Ambientali (AMRA), Napoli, Italy ;Yokoyama, I.; Usu Volcano Laboratory, Hokkaido University, Japan ;Zollo, A.; Università di Napoli “Federico II” (UniNA), Italy; ;; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;; ; ;; ; ; ; ;; ;; ; ; ;; ; ;; ; ;; ; ; ; The MU-RAY project has the challenging aim of performing muon radiography of the summit cone of Mt. Vesuvius. The muon telescopes developed for this purpose will be available for the radiography of other volcanoes, in particular Stromboli. The scientific goals, the strategy for their implementation and the baseline detector design are discussed in detail. A tentative time schedule for the project is drawn.318 35 - PublicationRestrictedAn experiment of muon radiography atMt Etna (Italy)(2013-10-25)
; ; ; ; ; ; ;Carbone, D.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Catania, Catania, Italia ;Gibert, D.; Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (UMR CNRS 7154), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France ;Marteau, J.; Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (UMR CNRS 5822), Lyon, France ;Diament, M.; Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (UMR CNRS 7154), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France ;Zuccarello, L.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Catania, Catania, Italia ;Galichet, E.; Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Paris, France; ; ; ; ; Interactions of conduit geometry with gas–liquid flows control volcanic activity, implying that the evaluation of volcanic hazards requires quantitative understanding of the inner structure of the volcano. The more established geophysical imaging techniques suffer from inherent ambiguity, may require spatially dense measurements in active areas and may not provide sufficient spatial resolution in the uppermost part of the conduit system. It is thus desirable to develop new imaging techniques allowing a better spatial resolution of a volcano's upper feeding system, with reduced ambiguity and a low level of risk for operators. Muon particles can be utilized to image the internal density distribution of volcanic structures. The principle of muon radiography is essentially the same as X-ray radiography, except for substituting penetrating particles in place of photons. Muons are more attenuated by higher density parts inside the target and thus information about its inner structure are obtained from the differential muon absorption. We report on a muon-imaging experiment that was conducted at Mt Etna in 2010. The target structure was one of the summit craters of the volcano. This experiment was performed using a muon telescope suitably designed to withstand the harsh conditions in the summit zone of a high volcano. We found a marked difference between synthetic and observed attenuation of muons through the target. This discrepancy is likely due to the bias on the observed flux, arising from false muon tracks. They are caused by low-energy particles that, by chance, hit simultaneously the two matrixes of the telescope, leading to detection of a false positive. We separated the useful from the unwanted signal through a first-order model of the background noise. The resulting signal is compared with the corresponding synthetic flux. Eventually, we found regions of higher- and lower-than-expected muon flux, that are possibly related to inner features of the target crater.374 69