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Bottari, A.
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Bottari, A.
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- PublicationRestrictedGenesis and geomorphologic and ecological evolution of the Ganzirri salt marsh (Messina, Italy)(2005-12)
; ; ; ; ; ;Bottari, A.; Osservatorio Sismologico, Universita` di Messina ;Bottari, C.; Osservatorio Sismologico, Universita` di Messina ;Carveni, P.; Dipartimento di Scienze Geologiche, Universita` di Catania ;Giacobbe, S.; Dipartimento di Biologia Animale ed Ecologia Marina, Universita` di Messina ;Spanò, N.; Dipartimento di Biologia Animale ed Ecologia Marina, Universita` di Messina; ; ; ; The results of geological and geomorphologic surveys on the salt marsh of Ganzirri (Pantano Grande), combined with geophysical researches and historiographical data, are reported here to define the genesis of the marsh and to evaluate the physical factors that influenced its recent evolution. The genesis of the Pantano Grande may be due to a state of equilibrium reached between differential lowering of the coastal plain, confined by normal faults, and generalized chain uplift. In particular, two normal faults are considered: the first borders the northern shore of the Pantano Grande, and the second bounds the Ionian coastal plain towards the south. Concerning the recent evolution of the Pantano Grande the importance of the sterile conglomerate outcrop, which borders the Ganzirri coastal plain, is stressed. The conglomerate is interposed between sediments that define the Pantano Grande basin, and the Ionian Sea, and influenced the water exchange between the marsh and the sea. Before the excavation of two canals that link up the Pantano Grande with the sea, the conglomerate, limiting the spread of benthic species, has definitively affected the ecological structure of the original marsh.176 26 - PublicationRestrictedInvestigation of Archaeological Evidence for a Possible 6th-7th Century AD Earthquake in Capo d'Orlando (NE Sicily)(2008-03)
; ; ; ; ; ; ;Bottari, C.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Bottari, A.; Osservatorio Sismologico, University of Messina, Messina, Italy. ;Carveni, P.; Dipartimento di Scienze Geologiche, University of Catania, Catania, Italy. ;Mastelloni, M.; Archaeological Museum of Messina, Messina, Italy. ;Ollà, M.; Archaeological Superintendence of Messina,Messina, Italy. ;Spigo, U.; Archaeological Superintendence of Catania,Catania, Italy; ; ; ; ; The archaeological site of Capo d’Orlando, located in NE Sicily was intensively inhabited during the Roman and Byzantine periods (3rd to the 7th century AD) during which a bath complex probably associated to a large villa extending seawards was built. Archaeoseismological research shows that during the Byzantine period (6th -7th century AD) this complex suffered damage: (1) collapse of the bath, (2) tilting of parallel dry masonry walls in the same direction, and (3) cracking of the floor in the bath. This damage might have been produced by a seismic event, where the level of destruction indicates a strong shaking. The historic record of earthquakes prior to the year 1000 AD is probably not complete. Actually, only four earthquakes are vaguely reported in the seismic literature for this time span. This lack of historical reports on seismic events does not necessarily mean that any earthquakes happened. Archaeoseismic data show that the island was not quiescent but on the contrary suffered several earthquakes. The analysis presented here, based on detailed site surveys, deals principally with seismic causes but it also takes into account other possible causes with regard to the observed damage.293 37 - PublicationRestrictedLocation of the ancient Tindari harbour from geoarchaeological investigations (NE Sicily)(2009)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Bottari, C.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;D'Amico, M.; Osservatorio Sismologico, Università di Messina, Italy ;Maugeri, M.; Osservatorio Sismologico, Università di Messina, Italy ;Bottari, A.; Osservatorio Sismologico, Università di Messina, Italy ;D'Addezio, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Privitera, B.; Provincia Regionale di Messina, Italy ;Tigano, G.; Soprintendenza Beni Culturali ed Ambientali di Messina, Servizio Archeologico, Italy; ; ; ; ; ; In the Greek and Roman periods, the fortified town of Tindari’s military and trading importance combined with its strategic location in north-east Sicily allowed it to control traffic on the Tyrrhenian Sea for many centuries. Historical sources (Polybius, Cicero, Livy and Appian) testify to the flourishing maritime activity of the ancient town, but do not supply any information on the location, size or configuration of its harbour. Because a town as important as Tindari must have had a landing place for ships, we examined new sources of information with the aim of identifying its location. Historiographical and archaeological surveys produced evidence of a well-organised harbour. Geomorphological investigations, performed along the Tindari Promontory, identified Holocene uplifted and submerged notches indicating past sea level changes. Furthermore, it was found that in the last four centuries the combined actions of marine and fluvial dynamics had produced a progressive filling of the Oliveri lowland and a progradation of the shoreline, which was responsible for the burial of ancient buildings. The palaeotopographic reconstruction of the Tindari Cape Promontory and Oliveri coastal plain in the 4th century BC shows a safe landing place south-east of the Tindari Cape that was suitably protected from prevailing winds.344 35 - PublicationRestrictedAttenuation study in the Straits of Messina area (southern Italy)(2006)
; ; ; ; ; ; ;Tuvè, T.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Catania, Catania, Italia ;Bianco, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Ibañez, J. M.; Istituto Andaluz de Geofisica y Prevención de Desastres Sísmicos, Universidad de Granada, Spain ;Patanè, D.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Catania, Catania, Italia ;Del Pezzo, E.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Bottari, A.; Osservatorio Sismologico-Di.C.T.A., Università di Messina, Italy; ; ; ; ; The attenuation of seismic waves is one of the basic physical parameters used in seismological studies and earthquake engineering, which is closely related to the seismicity and regional tectonic activity of a particular area. In this work, the seismic attenuation in the Straits of Messina, affected by several and strong historical earthquakes, was studied using waveforms recorded by a local seismic network composed of seven stations. We measured: the coda quality factor (Qc) in the Single Scattering model hypothesis; the direct quality factor (Qd) applying the Coda Normalization method for S-waves; and the intrinsic and scattering quality factor (Qi and Qs) by the Multiple Lapse Time Window Analysis (MLTWA) method. Coda Q values were obtained using different lapse times (40, 60 and 80 s) for the frequency bands centred at 1.5, 3, 6 and 12 Hz. Our findings indicate that Qc increases with increasing lapse time and that Qc is frequency dependent. This behaviour is usually correlated to the degree of tectonic complexity and to the presence of heterogeneities at several scales. In fact, by using the Coda Normalization method we obtained low Qd values, as expected for a heterogeneous and active zone. Finally, by the MLTWA method we observe that the contribution of the scattering attenuation (Qs −1) prevails on the intrinsic absorption (Qi −1) until 3 Hz. Conversely, Qi −1 and Qs −1 seem to be of the same order in the higher frequency bands.240 37 - PublicationRestrictedOn the Observed Intensity Filtering in the Anisotropic Distribution Modelling of Macroseismic Intensity(2005-04)
; ; ; ; ;Termini, D.; Osservatorio Sismologico, Universita` di Messina, Messina, Italy ;Teramo, A.; Osservatorio Sismologico, Universita` di Messina, Messina, Italy ;Tuvè, T.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Catania, Catania, Italia ;Bottari, A.; Osservatorio Sismologico, Universita` di Messina, Messina, Italy; ; ; The anisotropic modelling of intensity distribution, affected by the construction of macroseismic planes, allows an analysis of the influence of each point of observed intensity on the analytical determination of epicenter and of the principal attenuation directions. Such a procedure is a vital aid in the cases in which the observed intensity points, that, for location or joined intensity level, are not consistent with an anisotropic model of intensity attenuation. A suitable filtering on intensity levels associated with the points of the intensity map, for a better modelling of observed intensity distribution, is proposed with the aim of a better seismic hazard evaluation130 70 - PublicationRestrictedEvidence of seismic deformation of the paved floor of the decumanus at Tindari (NE, Sicily)(2008)
; ; ; ; ; ; ;Bottari, C.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Bottari, A.; Osservatorio Sismologico, University of Messina, Italy ;Carveni, P.; Dipartimento di Scienze Geologiche, University of Catania, Italy ;Saccà, C.; Osservatorio Sismologico, University of Messina, Italy ;Spigo, U.; Archaeological Superintendence of Catania, Italy ;Teramo, A.; Osservatorio Sismologico, University of Messina, Italy; ; ; ; ; Most of the ancient town of Tindari (NE, Sicily) was settled on a plateau the most surficial layer of which was made of unconsolidated material. Ongoing excavations at the archaeological site at Tindari uncovered a large portion of the decumanus which suffered deformations preliminarily assigned to coseismic effects. An analysis of the local dynamic response through the simulation of strong seismic shaking to the bedrock and modelling of spectral ratios of the bedrock-soft soil was carried out to verify the susceptibility of superficial terrains of the promontory to coseismic deformations. To perform this simulation the finite element method (FEM) was used. Four accelerometric recordings of three earthquakes of medium-high magnitude, recorded on rocky sites, were chosen to simulate the seismic shaking, using a constitutive law for the materials composing the promontory layers both of linear-elastic type and of elastoplastic type. The analysis of the linear-elastic field allowed the definition of the frequencies for which the spectral ratios of the accelerations recorded the highest amplifications; in particular the frequency range 31.5–37.2 Hz can be combined with deformation of the paved floor of the decumanus. The analysis in the elastoplastic field highlighted the zones of promontory more susceptible to suffer plasticization process. The results show that the topmost layer of the decumanus is the most susceptible to suffer plasticization. Therefore, the performed analysis lends greater support to the hypothesis that the deformations were produced by seismic shaking.257 32