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Sansò, P.
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Sansò, P.
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- PublicationRestrictedMorphometry and elevation of the last interglacial tidal notches in tectonically stable coasts of the Mediterranean Sea(2018)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;; ; ;We report detailed morphometric observations on several MIS 5.5 and a few older (MIS 11, 21, 25) fossil tidal notches shaped along carbonate coasts at 80 sites in the central Mediterranean Sea and at an additional six sites in the eastern and western Mediterranean. At each site, we performed precise measurements of the fossil tidal notch (FTN) width and depth, and of the elevation of its base relative to the base of the present tidal notch (PTN). The age of the fossil notches is obtained by correlation with biologic material associated with the notches at or very close to the site. This material was previously dated either through radiometric analysis or by its fossiliferous content. The width (i.e. the difference in elevation between base and top) of the notches ranges from 1.20 to 0.38 m, with a mean of 0.74 m. Although the FTN is always a few centimetres wider than the PTN, probably because of the lack of the biological reef coupled with a small erosional enlargement in the FTN, the broadly comparable width suggests that tide amplitude has not changed since MIS 5.5 times. This result can be extended to the MIS 11 features because of a comparable notch width, but not to the MIS 21 and 25 epochs. Although observational control of these older notches is limited, we regard this result as suggesting that changes in tide amplitude broadly occurred at the Early-Middle Pleistocene transition. The investigated MIS 5.5 notches are located in tectonically stable coasts, compared to other sectors of the central Mediterranean Sea where they are uplifted or subsided to ~100m and over. In these stable areas, the elevation of the base of the MIS 5.5 notch ranges from 2.09 to 12.48 m, with a mean of 5.7 m. Such variability, although limited, indicates that small land movements, deriving from slow crustal processes, may have occurred in stable areas. We defined a number of sectors characterized by different geologic histories, where a careful evaluation of local vertical land motion allowed the selection of the best representative elevation of the MIS 5.5 peak highstand for each sector. This elevation has been compared against glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) predictions drawn from a suite of ice-sheet models (ICE-G5, ICE-G6 and ANICE-SELEN) that are used in combination with the same solid Earth model and mantle viscosity parameters. Results indicate that the GIA signal is not the main cause of the observed highstand variability and that other mechanisms are needed. The GIA simulations show that, even within the Mediterranean Basin, the maximum highstand is reached at different times according to the geographical location. Our work shows that, besides GIA, even in areas considered tectonically stable, additional vertical tectonic movements may occur with a magnitude that is significantly larger than the GIA.362 4 - PublicationRestrictedLate Quaternary deformation of the southern Adriatic foreland (southern Apulia) from mesostructural data: preliminary results(2009)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Di Bucci, D.; P.C.M. - Dipartimento della Protezione Civile, 00189 Roma ;Coccia, S.; Dipartimento di Geologia e Geofisica, Università di Bari, 70125 Bari ;Fracassi, U.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Iurilli, V.; Dipartimento di Geologia e Geofisica, Università di Bari, 70125 Bari ;Mastronuzzi, G.; Dipartimento di Geologia e Geofisica, Università di Bari, 70125 Bari ;Palmentola, G.; Dipartimento di Geologia e Geofisica, Università di Bari, 70125 Bari ;Sansò, P.; Osservatorio di Fisica, Chimica e Geologia Ambientale, Università di Lecce, 73100 Lecce ;Selleri, G.; Osservatorio di Fisica, Chimica e Geologia Ambientale ;Valensise, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; Southern Apulia (Adriatic foreland, Italy), has long been considered a «stable area» lying in between two active orogens, but in fact its tectonic framework is poorly known. To learn more about this topic, we carried out an original structural analysis on Pleistocene deposits. The results indicate that southern Apulia has been affected by mild but discernible brittle deformation throughout the Middle and Late Pleistocene. Joints prevail, whereas faults are rare and all characterized by small displacement. Horizontal extension dominates throughout the entire study area; the SW-NE to SSW-NNE direction is the most widespread. WNW-ESE extension prevails in the Adriatic side portion of the study area, but the dispersion of the measured plane directions is high, suggesting that the local strain field is not characterized by a strongly predominant trend. A Middle and Late Pleistocene, SW-NE to SSW-NNE–oriented maximum extension is not surprising for the study area, as it is compatible with most of the available geodynamic models, whereas the different state of deformation affecting the Adriatic side of the study area requires further investigations. We tentatively interpreted this anomaly as reflecting some regional variation of the general geodynamic frame, for instance as the farthest evidence of ongoing compressional deformation across the W-verging Albanide-Hellenide foldand- thrust belt.209 26 - PublicationRestrictedMiddle-late pleistocene evolution of the adriatic coastline of southern apulia (Italy) in response to relative sea-level changes(2011)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Mastronuzzi, G.; Dipartimento di Geologia e Geofisica, Università degli Studi “Aldo Moro”, via Orabona 4 - 70125 Bari ;Caputo, R.; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara ;Di Bucci, D.; Dipartimento della Protezione Civile, Via Vitorchiano, Roma ;Fracassi, U.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Iurilli, V.; Dipartimento di Geologia e Geofisica, Università degli Studi “Aldo Moro”, via Orabona 4 - 70125 Bari ;Milella, M.; Spin Off Universitario Environmental Surveys s.r.l., Taranto ;Pignatelli, C.; Dipartimento di Geologia e Geofisica, Università degli Studi “Aldo Moro”, via Orabona 4 - 70125 Bari ;Sanso, P.; Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università del Salento, Lecce ;Selleri, G.; Geo Data Service s.r.l., Taranto; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; The Adriatic coastal area stretching from Monopoli to Brindisi in Apulia is characterised by landforms and marine/coastal deposits of Mid- dle-Upper Pleistocene age. An E-W striking fault system, roughly corre- sponding to the geographic “Soglia Messapica”, is also present. This area shows the effects of different phases of coastal evolution. During the Middle Pleistocene, north of the Soglia Messapica, thin coastal deposits accumulated and abrasion surfaces were cut whereas, to the south, ma- rine sediments were deposited. During the last interglacial period, two thin transgressive beach deposits formed along with a dune belt and backdune deposits. From the geodynamic point of view, facies and elevation of marine and coastal deposits suggest that before 125 ka the region north of the Soglia Messapica was uplifting with a higher rate than the southern one. Afterwards, both areas north and south of the Soglia Messapica showed a similar tectonic behaviour, characterised by stability or, locally, by low subsidence rates. Mesostructural analysis on extensional joints indicates that at least three separate deformational events occurred during the Middle and Late Quaternary. If matched against the uplift rate changes, this structural evolution may be interpreted as due to the shift toward the SE of the peripheral bulge related to the Ionian slab subduction process and to the set up of a different tectonic event in the Late Pleistocene. In the study area such event is essentially characterised by widespread sta- bility, accompanied by the development of joint sets which suggest a doming-like deformation mechanism.377 46 - PublicationRestrictedTidal notches in Mediterranean Sea: a comprehensive analysis(2015)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Antonioli, F.; ENEA ;Lo Presti, V.; ENEA ;Rovere, A.; MARUM, University of Bremen & ZMT, Tropical Marine Ecology Center, Bremen, Germany ;Ferranti, L.; Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources, “Federico II” University, Napoli, Italy ;Anzidei, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia ;Furlani, S.; Department of Mathematics and Geosciences, University of Trieste, Italy ;Mastronuzzi, G.; Department of Earth and Geoenvironmental Sciences, “Aldo Moro” University, Bari, Italy ;Orrù, P.; Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy ;Scicchitano, G.; Department of Phisics and Earth Sciences, University of Messina, Italy ;Sannino, G.; ENEA ;Spampinato, C.; Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Italy ;Pagliarulo, R.; CNR, IRPI, Bari, Italy ;Deiana, G.; Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy ;De Sabata, E.; MedSharks, Roma, Italy ;Sansò, P.; Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy ;Vacchi, M.; Aix-Marseille Universit e, CEREGE CNRS-IRD UMR 34, Europole de l'Arbois Aix-en-Provence, France ;Vecchio, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia ;; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;; ; ; ; ; ; ; Recent works (Evelpidou et al., 2012) suggest that the modern tidal notch is disappearing worldwide due sea level rise over the last century. In order to assess this hypothesis, we measured modern tidal notches in several of sites along the Mediterranean coasts. We report observations on tidal notches cut along carbonate coasts from 73 sites from Italy, France, Croatia, Montenegro, Greece, Malta and Spain, plus additional observations carried outside the Mediterranean. At each site, we measured notch width and depth, and we described the characteristics of the biological rim at the base of the notch. We correlated these parameters with wave energy, tide gauge datasets and rock lithology. Our results suggest that, considering ‘the development of tidal notches the consequence of midlittoral bioerosion’ (as done in Evelpidou et al., 2012) is a simplification that can lead to misleading results, such as stating that notches are disappearing. Important roles in notch formation can be also played by wave action, rate of karst dissolution, salt weathering and wetting and drying cycles. Of course notch formation can be augmented and favoured also by bioerosion which can, in particular cases, be the main process of notch formation and development. Our dataset shows that notches are carved by an ensemble rather than by a single process, both today and in the past, and that it is difficult, if not impossible, to disentangle them and establish which one is prevailing. We therefore show that tidal notches are still forming, challenging the hypothesis that sea level rise has drowned them.339 84 - PublicationRestrictedQuantitative analysis of extensional joints in the southern Adriatic foreland (Italy), and the active tectonics of the Apulia region(2011-03)
; ; ; ; ; ; ;Di Bucci, D.; Dipartimento della Protezione Civile. Via Vitorchiano, 4 – 00189 Roma, Italy ;Caputo, R.; Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra. Via Saragat, 1 – 44100 Ferrara, Italy ;Mastronuzzi, G.; Università degli Studi di Bari, Dipartimento di Geologia e Geofisica. Via Orabona, 4 – 70125 Bari, Italy ;Fracassi, U.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Selleri, G.; Università degli Studi di Lecce, Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali. Via per Arnesano – 73100 Lecce, Italy ;Sansò, P.; Università degli Studi di Lecce, Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali. Via per Arnesano – 73100 Lecce, Italy; ; ; ; ; The Adriatic foreland of the Apennines comes ashore only in Apulia (easternmost Italy). Its southern part, our study area, lacks any structural analysis devoted to define its recent-to-active tectonics. Throughout the Quaternary, this region was affected by mild brittle deformation with rare faults, characterized by small displacement, and widespread extension joints, frequently organized in sets. Therefore, we conducted a quantitative and systematic analysis of the joint sets affecting Quaternary deposits, by applying an inversion technique ad hoc to infer the orientation and ratio of the principal stress axes, R = (σ2 − σ3)/(σ1 − σ3). Within a general extensional regime, we recognized three deformational events of regional significance. The oldest event, constrained to the early and middle part of the Middle Pleistocene, is characterized by variable direction of extension and R between 0.64 and 0.99. The penultimate event, dated late Middle Pleistocene, is characterized by an almost uniaxial tension, with a horizontal σ3 striking ∼N43°E; R is high, between 0.85 and 0.99. The most recent event is characterized by the lowermost R values, that never exceed 0.47 and are frequently <0.30, indicating a sort of horizontal ‘radial’ extension. This event is not older than the Late Pleistocene and possibly reflects the active stress field still dominating the entire study area.454 24