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Department of Earth, Environment and Resources Science, University Federico II, Complesso di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, Edifice L, I-80126 Naples, Italy
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- PublicationOpen AccessANALISI CRITICA DELLA SISMICITÀ E TETTONICA DELLA PIANA CAMPANA IN AMBIENTE GIS(2009-11-16)
; ; ; ; ;Luiso, P.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Alessio, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Gaudiosi, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Nappi, R.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia; ; ; Introduzione. L’obiettivo di questo lavoro è lo studio delle correlazioni tra sismicità e strutture tettoniche nella Piana Campana per l’individuazione di sistemi di faglie attive, affioranti e sepolte. L’area di indagine comprende la Piana in senso stretto ed i suoi margini costituiti da: il Golfo di Napoli a sud-ovest, la Penisola Sorrentina a sud, il Roccamonfina e il M. Massico a nord-ovest, e il Taburno- Camposauro a nord-est. (Fig.1). La Piana è caratterizzata da sismicità di moderata energia concentrata prevalentemente lungo i suoi bordi, e da intensa attività vulcanica (Roccamonfina, Campi Flegrei, Vesuvio, Ischia e Procida)....231 882 - PublicationOpen AccessTesting the value of a multi-scale gravimetric analysis in characterizing active fault 2 geometry at hypocentral depths: the 2016-2017 Central Italy seismic sequenceWe report the results of a multidisciplinary investigation performed across the normal Quaternary faults that ruptured the surface during the August 24 (Mw 6.0) and October 30 (Mw 6.5), 2016 strong earthquakes in the Mt. Vettore-Mt. Bove areas, central Italy. Our aim is to test the effectiveness of the contribution of a multi-scale gravimetric analysis in characterizing seismogenic faults’ geometry at hypocentral depths on well-known outcropping faulty systems with known earthquake distribution. We adopted a multi-scale geophysical/geological approach consisting in the comparison of gravity lineaments inferred by Multiscale Derivative Analysis with the Quaternary structural setting mapped in the study area, the primary coseismic surface ruptures of the 2016-2017 sequence and the earthquakes’ epicentral distribution. Moreover, we performed a combined interpretation of 2D hypocentral sections of the 2016-2017 seismic sequences with images resulting from the Depth from Extreme Points method, to infer the faults’ geometry at depth. Based on our results, the investigated NW-SE Mt. Vettore-Mt. Bove fault system is dipping 60°-70° westward. We also detected the splays of this primary fault and its blind antithetic NW-SE structure, dipping northeastward. In the Norcia basin we highlight two main faults bordering the basin with a dip of about 45°. The one edging the eastern side dips westward, whereas the fault edging the western side dips eastward. Thanks to our analysis we could identify and characterize the geometry of the Norcia and Vettore master faults, as well as other blind/buried and/or silent faults that are related to the 2016 seismogenic structure. Our results show the effectiveness of this approach in potentially high-hazard areas that are structurally poorly known.
332 133 - PublicationRestrictedA multidisciplinary approach to characterize the geometry of active faults: the example of Mt. Massico, Southern Italy(2018-03-03)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; We present the results of a multidisciplinary and multiscale study at Mt. Massico, Southern Italy. Mt. Massico is a carbonate horst located along the Campanian-Latial margin of the Tyrrhenian basin, bordered by two main NE–SW systems of faults, and by NW–SE and N–S trending faults. Our analysis deals with the modelling of the main NE– SW faults. These faults were capable during Plio-Pleistocene and are still active today, even though with scarce and low-energy seismicity (Mw maximum = 4.8).We inferred the pattern of the fault planes through a combined interpretation of 2-D hypocentral sections, a multiscale analysis of gravity field and geochemical data. This allowed us to characterize the geometry of these faults and infer their large depth extent. This region shows very striking gravimetric signatures, well-known Quaternary faults, moderate seismicity and a localized geothermal fluid rise. Thus, this analysis represents a valid case study for testing the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary approach, and employing it in areas with buried and/or silent faults of potential high hazard, such as in the Apennine chain.246 4 - PublicationOpen AccessMultiparametric data analysis for seismic sources identification in the Campania re-gion: merge of seismological, structural and gravimetric data.(2010-10-26)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Gaudiosi, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Alessio, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Fedi, M.; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Napoli Federico II ;Florio, G.; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Napoli Federico II ;Nappi, R.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Luiso, P.; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Napoli Federico II ;Ricciolino, P.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia; ; ; ; ; ; The Campania region is one of the Italian most active areas from a geodynamic point of view since it is characterized by occurrence of intense and widely spread seismic activity. The seismicity of the area is concentrated mainly along the Southern Apennines chain, as well as beneath the Campanian volcanic areas (Vesuvio, Campi Flegrei, Ischia) and is also originated by seismic sources buried in the Campanian Plain and offshore the Thyrrenian sea. The aim of this paper is an attempt to better constrain the main active, outcropping and buried fault systems of the Campanian area through the correlation between seismicity, tectonic structures (from geological data and image analysis) and gravimetric data. The main seismogenetic sources of the Campanian Apennines, responsible for the destructive historical events of 1456, 1688, 1694, 1702, 1732, 1930, 1962 and 1980 (Io = X-XI MCS), activated mainly along NW–SE faults (CPTI, 2004; DISS, 2010) with hypocenters concentrated within the upper 20 km of the crust. The available focal mechanisms of the larger events show normal solutions consistent with NE–SW extension (Pondrelli et al., 2007). The Plio-Pleistocene Campanian Plain is a structural depression located between the eastern side of the Tyrrhenian Sea and the Southern Apennines chain. The stress field acting in the Campanian Plain is strongly debated. Structural observations on the faults of the Plain suggest prevalent normal motion for the NW–SE and the NE–SW trending faults, and minor oblique motion, consistent with deformation style of the Southern Apennines. The Plain is characterized by seismicity of energy lower than the seismic activity of the Southern Apennines chain mainly occurring along its margins. Minor seismicity spreads out inside the Plain. In this paper, seismic, geologic and gravimetric data have been analysed in GIS environment. In particular, the seismological data used in this study are relative both to the historical and recent seismic activity, collected by the following Catalogues: CPTI04 Catalogue of Parametric Italian Earthquakes, 2004 (217 b.C to 2002); CSI Catalogue of Instrumental Italian Earthquakes (1981-2002); CNT Seismic Bulletin of Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (2003-2008); Data Base of Seismic Laboratory of Osservatorio Vesuviano (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) (2000-2009); SisCam Catalogue (Seismotectonic Information System of the Campanian Region) (1980-2000). Seismic data have been merged in a new seismic database. Moreover, new precise locations of a set of seismic events relative to the Campanian Plain have been processed. Some clusters of epicentres have been identified confirming the existence of active buried fault systems inside the Plain. The Geological Dataset has been implemented by merging all outcropping and buried faults extracted from the available geological and geophysical papers and maps (Bigi et al., 1983; Ambrosetti et al. 1986; Bonardi et al.,1988; Orsi et al. 1996; Milia A. e Torrente M.M.,1999; Cinque et al. 2000; Bruno et al. 2003). A multiscale analysis of the gravity and magnetic fields of the Southern Italy has been performed by Fedi et al, 2005. Multiscale Derivative Analysis (MDA) provided an almost complete representation of the structural framework of Southern Italy at three different scales. Most of the known geological elements of the Apennine system are clearly shown at intermediate and short scales, together with several trends indicating the location of buried structures. The main results of the combined analysis of seismic epicentres, faults and gravity data, indicate a strong correlation between seismicity and MDA lineaments from gravity data. Moreover, tectonic structures without correlated seismic activity and spread seismicity, apparently not linked with already known faults (buried faults?) have been identified.214 140 - PublicationOpen AccessAnalysis of the San Giuliano di Puglia (Southern Italy) active faults: an integrated approach(Rendiconti della Società Geologica Italiana, 2016-09-07)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; The area of San Giuliano di Puglia (Southern Italy) was struck by a moderate earthquake of Mw=5.7 on October 31st, 2002. The aim of this study is to identify and better constrain the geometry of the seismogenic structures (active, outcropping and buried faults) in the area. We used an integrated analysis of geo-structural, seismic and gravimetric data. We built three thematic databases: “faults”, “earthquakes” and “gravimetric" data: 1. The fault database consists of data extracted from the available structural and geological maps: ITHACA (ITaly HAzard from CApable faults) catalogue; DISS (Database of Individual Seismogenetic Sources) database; the "Neotectonic Map of Italy" 1:500.000; the Geological Map 1:100.000, Sheets 154, 155, 162, 163; several geological studies. 2. The earthquakes database was created by merging the data from historical and instrumental Catalogues (CPTI11; ISIDE-INGV). 3. The gravimetric database was created through the Multiscale Derivative Analysis (MDA) of the Bouguer anomaly map of the area, whose maxima show the presence of density lineaments. The integration of these datasets in GIS environment, identified three possible cases of correlation between faults, earthquakes and MDA maxima: ⦁ A clear correlation between epicentral location, fault positions and MDA maxima shows the existence of active faults; ⦁ A good correlation between MDA maxima and epicentral positions, without correspondence with faults known from geological data, can suggest the presence of buried active faults; ⦁ A good correlation between faults from geological datasets and literature and MDA maxima, without correlation with earthquakes, can indicate the existence of inactive or silent faults. Previous studies show that the main shock in the area of San Giuliano di Puglia was generated by a deep and subvertical strike-slip structure E-W trending, with a right lateral focal mechanism (Galli & Molin, 2004). Nevertheless, Vezzani et al. (2009) proposed a reverse fault mechanism. Valensise et al. (2004) suggested that the 2002 events could be related to the Mattinata fault, a major active right lateral strike-slip fault cutting across the Gargano promontory, In order to better constrain the structural framework of this area, we combined faults seismic data and a multiscale approach of gravity data in GIS environment.124 37 - PublicationOpen AccessA critical review of seismotectonic setting of the Campanian Plain (Southern Italy) in GIS environment.(2010-05-02)
; ; ; ; ; ;Gaudiosi, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Alessio, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Luiso, P.; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Napoli Federico II ;Nappi, R.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Ricciolino, P.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia; ; ; ; The Plio-Pleistocene Campanian Plain is a structural depression of the Southern Italy located between the eastern side of the Tyrrhenian Sea and the Southern Apennine chain. It is surrounded to the North, East and South by the Mesozoic carbonate massifs of the Apennine chain and, to the West, by the Tyrrhenian Sea. The graben origin is similar to other peri-Tyrrhenian regions and is related to a stretching and thinning of the continental crust by the counterclockwise rotation of the Italian peninsula and the contemporaneous opening of the Tyrrhenian sea. The consequent subsidence of the Campanian carbonate platform took place along the Tyrrhenian coast during the Plio-Pleistocene with a maximum vertical extent of 5 km. The plain is filled by volcanic and clastic, continental and marine deposits. Voluminous volcanic activity of Roccamonfina, Campi Flegrei, Ischia, Procida and Vesuvio occurred in the Plain during the Quaternary. In the middle of the plain lies the city of Naples, bordered by the two active volcanoes of Campi Flegrei and Vesuvio. It is a very densely inhabited area that is exposed to high potential volcanic risk. The stress field acting in the Campanian area is poorly known. Structural observations on the Pleistocene faults suggest normal to sinistral movements for the NW– SE-trending faults and normal to dextral for the NE–SWtrending structures. These movements are consistent with those of the structures affecting the inner margin of the Southern Apennines. The Campanian Plain is characterized by seismicity of energy lower than the seismic activity of the Southern Apennine chain. The earthquakes mainly occur along the margin of the plain, in the volcanic areas and a minor seismicity spreads out inside the Plain. The aim of this paper is an attempt to identify active, outcropping and buried fault systems of the Campanian plain through the correlation between seismicity and tectonic structures. Seismic, geologic and geomorphologic data have been analysed in GIS environment. In particular, the seismological data used in this study are relative both to the historical and recent seismic activity, collected by the following Catalogues: CPTI04 Catalogue of Parametric Italian Earthquakes, 2004 (217 b.C to 2002); CSI Catalogue of Instrumental Italian Earthquakes (1981-2002); CNT Seismic Bulletin of Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (2003-2008); Data Base of Seismic Laboratory of Osservatorio Vesuviano (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) (2000-2009); SisCam Catalogue (Seismotectonic Information System of the Campanian Region) (1980-2000). Seismic data were homogenized in an only one Catalogue. The seismicity of Campi Flegrei and Vesuvio volcanoes have not been studied. The Geological Dataset consists of a merge of all outcropping and buried faults extracted from the available geological and structural maps: Geological map of Italy 1:100.000; Geological map of Southern Italy 1:250.000; Neotectonic Map of Italy 1:500.000; Structural Map of Italy 1:500.000. Two main NW-SE and NE-SW active fault systems have been identified from the joined analysis of seismic epicentres and faults. Moreover, tectonic structure without correlated seismic activity and a spread seismicity, apparently not linked with already known structures (buried faults?), have been identified.216 121 - PublicationRestrictedTime variant analysis of geomagnetic signals describes the volcanic activity(2008)
; ; ; ; ;Fedi, M.; Dipartimento di Scienze Della Terra, Universit degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Largo San Marcellino 10, 80138 Napoli, Italy ;Cascone, L.; Dipartimento di Scienze Della Terra, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Largo San Marcellino 10, 80138 Napoli, Italy ;Del Negro, C.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Catania, Catania, Italia ;La Manna, M.; Dipartimento di Scienze Della Terra, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Largo San Marcellino 10, 80138 Napoli, Italy; ; ; Volcanomagnetic anomalies have been mostly observed during strong eruptions. Our aim is to improve the geomagnetic data analysis to evidence the anomalies occurring in a larger time span, especially in the phases preceding the eruptive events. We developed a time variant statistical approach and applied it to the 20002002 Etna geomagnetic temporal series. It is based on an algorithm that statistically predicts the geomagnetic field at the station on the volcanic edifice by that recorded at the remote one. In such a way a number of significant changes in the time series (called statistical innovations), marking the local magnetic field change, were detected. The distribution of such statistical innovations accurately describes the Etna volcanic evolution: we note a progressive increase of the innovation occurrence as the eruptive cycles were approaching and only few and weak innovations at times between the various eruptive cycles. The significance of this analysis is further confirmed by the close agreement among the mean square prediction error, strain release and the volcanic activity behavior. On the contrary, the geomagnetic field at a single station or its difference at two stations do not have any clear correlation with other measured physical quantities. The complex pattern of the prediction error was also investigated by a multifractal analysis. We found that the Holder regularity increases with the intensification of the volcanic activity, implying that innovations tend to be less sporadic and correlated during the major volcanic phases.153 23 - PublicationRestrictedThe 847 CE earthquake in central-southern Italy: New hints from archaeosismological and geophysical investigations in the Volturno River Valley area(2020-01-05)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; Integration of archaeoseismic observations, geological and geophysical surveys and a critical review of historical written sources contributed to shed light on the effects of the 847 earthquake AD that struck a large area of Southern-Central Italy. New archaeoseismic evidence of a strong earthquake comes from two Medieval archaeological sites along the Volturno Valley, between Campania and Molise regions, which occurred around the middle of the ninth century AD. Evidence includes the tilting of pillars in the Basilica of Santa Maria near Alvignano (northern Campania) and a collapsed masonry wall in the Abbey of San Vincenzo al Volturno near Isernia (northern Molise). At Alvignano, a site so far unrecorded in seismic catalogues for the 847 earthquake, geoelectrical and georadar investigations were used to explore the subsoil and study local site conditions, which could have influenced coseismic ground motion. Integrated interpretation of geophysical surveys and borehole logs document the presence of altered pyroclastic deposits, which certainly enhanced site effects at Alvignano. Analysis of damage descriptions and of archaeological reports indicate that the 847 seismic event documented by historical sources damaged a wide area between Latium, Campania and Molise, with destruction of the town of Isernia. Although historical sources did not explicitly mention damage in Rome, seismic effects attributed to the 847 event are recorded in the archaeological and seismological literature. Because the damaged area for this medieval earthquake is loosely defined due to the scanty documentation, the present study represents an important contribution to better define the shaking area and provide new hints on the extent and location of the possible seismogenic source.347 2 - PublicationOpen AccessIntegrated geophysical survey to recognize ancient Picentia’s buried walls, in the Archaeological Park of Pontecagnano – Faiano (Southern Italy)(2008-10)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Fedi, M.; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli studi di Napoli «Federico II», Napoli, Italy ;Florio, G.; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli studi di Napoli «Federico II», Napoli, Italy ;Garofalo, B.; Centro Regionale di Competenza per lo Sviluppo ed il Trasferimento dell'Innovazione Applicata ai Beni Culturali e Ambientali INNOVA, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy ;La Manna, M.; Centro Regionale di Competenza per lo Sviluppo ed il Trasferimento dell'Innovazione Applicata ai Beni Culturali e Ambientali INNOVA, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy ;Pellegrino, C.; Dipartimento di Beni Culturali, Laboratorio di Archeologia «M. Napoli», Università di Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy ;Rossi, A.; Dipartimento di Beni Culturali, Laboratorio di Archeologia «M. Napoli», Università di Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy ;Soldovieri, M. G.; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli studi di Napoli «Federico II», Napoli, Italy; ; ; ; ; ; There is no information on previous geophysical prospections carried out in the Archaeological Park of Pontecagnano- Faiano, in order to reconstruct the ancient settlement of Picentia, an Etrusco-Campanian and Roman settlement near Salerno (Southern Italy). Therefore, an integrated geophysical survey based on magnetic, geoelectric and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) prospections was executed in the Park. The methods provided a basic map of buried ancient structures at depth from 0.1-0.2 to about 1.5 meters. Magnetic data were processed analyzing the analytical signal of the vertical derivative of the measured gradient and this substantially reduced a strong fence effect. The results of the geophysical prospections showed archaeological structures located close to those discovered in the excavated areas. The shape of the anomalies are usually elongated with well-defined geometrical characteristics. Many anomalies are arranged along orthogonal directions and they are very coherent with the excavated structures, namely the quarters structures of the ancient Picentia.470 678