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http://hdl.handle.net/2122/16701| Authors: | Cheng, Lijing* Abraham, John* Trenberth, Kevin E* Boyer, Tim* Mann, Michael E* Zhu, Jiang* Wang, Fan* Yu, Fujiang* Locarnini, Ricardo* Fasullo, John* Zheng, Fei* Li, Yuanlong* Zhang, Bin* Wan, Liying* Chen, XingRong* Wang, Dakui* Feng, Licheng* Song, Xiangzhou* Liu, Yulong* Reseghetti, Franco* Simoncelli, Simona* Gouretski, Viktor* Chen, Gengxin* Mishonov, Alexey* Reagan, Jim* von Schuckmann, Karina* Pan, Yuying* Tan, Zhetao* Zhu, Yujing* Wei, Wangxu* Li, Guancheng* Ren, Qiuping* Cao, Lijuan* Lu, Yayang* |
Title: | New Record Ocean Temperatures and Related Climate Indicators in 2023 | Journal: | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences | Publisher: | Springer-Nature | Issue Date: | 11-Jan-2024 | DOI: | 10.1007/s00376-024-3378-5 | Abstract: | The global physical and biogeochemical environment has been substantially altered in response to increased atmospheric greenhouse gases from human activities. In 2023, the sea surface temperature (SST) and upper 2000 m ocean heat content (OHC) reached record highs. The 0–2000 m OHC in 2023 exceeded that of 2022 by 15 ± 10 ZJ (1 Zetta Joules = 1021 Joules) (updated IAP/CAS data); 9 ± 5 ZJ (NCEI/NOAA data). The Tropical Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, and southern oceans recorded their highest OHC observed since the 1950s. Associated with the onset of a strong El Niño, the global SST reached its record high in 2023 with an annual mean of ~0.23°C higher than 2022 and an astounding > 0.3°C above 2022 values for the second half of 2023. The density stratification and spatial temperature inhomogeneity indexes reached their highest values in 2023. |
| Appears in Collections: | Article published / in press |
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| Cheng2024_s00376-024-3378-5.pdf | Open Access Published file | 4.27 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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