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Changes in prokaryotic community composition accompanying a pronounced temperature shift of a shallow marine thermal brine pool (Panarea Island, Italy)
Author(s)
Language
English
Obiettivo Specifico
3A. Ambiente Marino
Status
Published
JCR Journal
JCR Journal
Peer review journal
Yes
Title of the book
Issue/vol(year)
/19 (2015)
ISSN
1431-0651
Electronic ISSN
1433-4909
Publisher
Springer Verlag Tokyo
Pages (printed)
547-559
Issued date
January 2015
Abstract
Hot Lake is a recently described thermal brine
pool off Panarea Island (Eolian Islands, Italy) where emitted
fluids are highly saline and rich in CO2 and H2S. The
prokaryotic community composition in surface sediment
samples was analyzed by high-throughput Illumina
sequencing targeting the V3 region of the 16S rRNA at two
time points that differed mainly with respect to temperature
conditions, high-temperature (94 °C, HT09) and low-temperature
(28.5 °C, LT10). Bacterial richness and diversity
were greater than those of Archaea under both temperature
conditions. In contrast to Bacteria, diversity and evenness
of Archaea greatly increased at LT10. While the phylogenetic
analysis indicated the presence of members mostly
affiliated with the same taxonomic groups, their relative
abundances differed from HT09 to LT10, resulting in different
bacterial and archaeal assemblages. Both HT09 and
LT10 were dominated by members of the Epsilonproteobacteria.
Within this subphylum, bacteria of the genus Sulfurimonas
were most frequently detected at HT09, while
Arcobacter prevailed at LT10. The abundance of other dominant taxonomic groups (≥1 % of Illumina reads) also
correlated with temperature conditions. Members assigned
to hyperthermophilic Euryarchaeota (Thermococci) or to
thermophilic (Caldiserica) and thermoresistant (Firmicutes)
bacterial taxa were dominant at HT09, while those
related to non-thermophilic Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria
and Actinobacteria were dominant at LT10. Several, probably
photosynthetic, members of the Alphaproteobacteria,
Chlorobi, Cyanobacteria and Chloroflexi were recovered
under both temperature conditions. The co-occurrence of
photosynthetic and chemolithotrophic microorganisms represents
a unique feature of shallow vents such as Hot Lake
pool off Panarea Island (Eolian Islands, Italy) where emitted
fluids are highly saline and rich in CO2 and H2S. The
prokaryotic community composition in surface sediment
samples was analyzed by high-throughput Illumina
sequencing targeting the V3 region of the 16S rRNA at two
time points that differed mainly with respect to temperature
conditions, high-temperature (94 °C, HT09) and low-temperature
(28.5 °C, LT10). Bacterial richness and diversity
were greater than those of Archaea under both temperature
conditions. In contrast to Bacteria, diversity and evenness
of Archaea greatly increased at LT10. While the phylogenetic
analysis indicated the presence of members mostly
affiliated with the same taxonomic groups, their relative
abundances differed from HT09 to LT10, resulting in different
bacterial and archaeal assemblages. Both HT09 and
LT10 were dominated by members of the Epsilonproteobacteria.
Within this subphylum, bacteria of the genus Sulfurimonas
were most frequently detected at HT09, while
Arcobacter prevailed at LT10. The abundance of other dominant taxonomic groups (≥1 % of Illumina reads) also
correlated with temperature conditions. Members assigned
to hyperthermophilic Euryarchaeota (Thermococci) or to
thermophilic (Caldiserica) and thermoresistant (Firmicutes)
bacterial taxa were dominant at HT09, while those
related to non-thermophilic Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria
and Actinobacteria were dominant at LT10. Several, probably
photosynthetic, members of the Alphaproteobacteria,
Chlorobi, Cyanobacteria and Chloroflexi were recovered
under both temperature conditions. The co-occurrence of
photosynthetic and chemolithotrophic microorganisms represents
a unique feature of shallow vents such as Hot Lake
References
Brinkhoff T, Muyzer G (1997) Increased species diversity and
extended habitat range of sulfur-oxidizing Thiomicrospira spp.
Appl Environ Microbiol 63:3789–3796
Campbell BJ, Engel AS, Porter ML, Takai K (2006) The versatile
epsilon-proteobacteria: key players in sulphidic habitats. Nat Rev
Microbiol 4:458–468
Campbell BJ, Polson SW, Zeigler Allen L, Williamson SJ, Lee CK,
Wommack KE, Cary SC (2013) Diffuse flow environments
within basalt- and sediment based hydrothermal vent ecosystems
harbor specialized microbial communities. Front Microbiol
4:182. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2013.00182
Cole JR, Wang Q, Cardenas E, Fish J, Chai B, Farris RJ, Kulam-Syed-
Mohideen AS, McGarrell DM, Marsh T, Garrity GM, Tiedje JM
(2009) The ribosomal database project: improved alignments and
new tools for rRNA analysis. Nucleic Acids Res 37:D141–D145
Dando P, Aliani S, Arab H, Bianchi C, Brehmer M, Cocito S, Fowler
SW, Gundersen J, Hooper LE, Kolbl R, Kuever J, Linke P, Makropoulos
KC, Meloni R, Miquel JC, Morri C, Muller S, Robinson
C, Schlesner H, Sievert S, Stohr R, Stuben D, Thomm M, Varnavas
SP, Ziebis W (2000) Hydrothermal studies in the Aegean Sea.
Phys Chem Earth B Hydro Oceans Atmos 25:1–8. doi:10.1016/
S1464-1909(99)00112-4
DasSarma S, Fleischmann EF (1995) Archaea: a laboratory manual.
Halophiles. Cold Spring Harbour Laboratory Press, New York, pp
269–272Edgar RC (2010) Search and clustering orders of magnitude faster
than BLAST. Bioinformatics. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btq461
Flores GE, Shakya M, Meneghin J, Yang ZK, Seewald JS, Geoff
Wheat C, Podar M, Reysenbach AL (2012) Inter-field variability
in the microbial communities of hydrothermal vent deposits from
a back-arc basin. Geobiology 10:333–346
Gugliandolo C, Italiano F, Maugeri TL, Inguaggiato S, Caccamo D,
Amend JP (1999) Submarine hydrothermal vents of the Eolian
Islands: relationship between microbial communities and thermal
fluids. Geomicrobiol J 16:105–117
Gugliandolo C, Italiano F, Maugeri TL (2006) The submarine hydrothermal
system of Panarea (Southern Italy): biogeochemical processes
at the thermal fluids-sea bottom interface. Ann Geophys
49:783–792
Gugliandolo C, Lentini V, Spanò A, Maugeri TL (2012) New bacilli
from shallow hydrothermal vents of Panarea Island (Italy)
and their biotechnological potentialities. J Appl Microbiol
112:1102–1112
Hansen MC, Tolker-Neilson T, Givskov M, Molin S (1998) Biased
16S rDNA PCR amplification caused by interference from DNA
flanking template region. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 26:141–149
Hirayama H, Sunamura M, Takai K, Nunoura T, Noguchi T, Oida H,
Furushima Y, Yamamoto H, Oomori T, Horikoshi K (2007) Culture-
dependent and -independent characterization of microbial
communities associated with a shallow submarine hydrothermal
system occurring within a Coral Reef off Taketomi Island, Japan.
Appl Environ Microbiol 73:7642–7656
Huang C-I, Schubotz F, Price R, Amend J, Bach W, Meyerdierks A,
Amann R (2010) Geomicrobiological study at shallow-sea hydrothermal
vent site, Hot Lake, Lago Caldo, Panarea, Italy. 2th International
Workshop on Research in Shallow Marine and Fresh
Water Systems, Milazzo, Italy, Abstract p 37, 3–10 October 2010
Huber JA, Mark Welch DB, Morrison HG, Huse SM, Neal PR, Butterfield
DA, Sogin ML (2007) Microbial population structures in
the deep marine biosphere. Science 318:97–100
Huber JA, Cantin HV, Huse SM, Welch DB, Sogin ML, Butterfield
DA (2010) Isolated communities of Epsilonproteobacteria in
hydrothermal vent fluids of the Mariana Arc seamounts. FEMS
Microbiol Ecol 73:538–549
Inagaki F, Takai K, Kobayashi H, Nealson KH, Horikoshi K (2003)
Sulfurimonas autotrophica gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel sulfuroxidizing
epsilon-proteobacterium isolated from hydrothermal
sediments in the Mid-Okinawa Trough. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol
53:1801–1805
Inagaki F, Takai K, Nealson KH, Horikoshi K (2004) Sulfurovum
lithotrophicum gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel sulfur-oxidizing chemolithoautotroph
within the epsilon-proteobacteria isolated from
Okinawa Trough hydrothermal sediments. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol
54:1477–1482
Italiano F (2009) Hydrothermal fluids vented at shallow depths at the
Aeolian islands: relationships with volcanic and geothermal systems.
Procs. Int. Workshop Research in shallow marine and fresh
water systems, Freiberg, pp 55–60, 14–16 May 2009
Italiano F, Nuccio PM (1991) Geochemical investigations of submarine
volcanic exhalations to the East of Panarea, Eolian Islands,
Italy. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 46:125–141
Kerfahi D, Hall-Spencer JM, Tripathi BM, Milazzo M, Lee J, Adams
JM (2014) Shallow water marine sediment bacterial community
shifts along a natural CO2 gradient in the Mediterranean Sea off
Vulcano, Italy. Microb Ecol 67:819–828
Lentini V, Gugliandolo C, Bunk B, Overmann J, Maugeri TL (2014)
Diversity of prokaryotic community at a shallow marine hydrothermal
site elucidated by Illumina sequencing technology. Curr
Microbiol 69:457–466
Manini E, Luna GM, Corinaldesi C, Zeppilli D, Bortoluzzi G, Caramanna
G, Raffa F, Danovaro R (2008) Prokaryote diversity and virus abundance in shallow hydrothermal vents of the Mediterranean
Sea (Panarea Island) and the Pacific Ocean (North Sulawesi-
Indonesia). Microb Ecol 55:626–639
Maugeri TL, Acosta Pomar MLC, Bruni V (1990) Picoplancton. In:
Innamorati M, Ferrari I, Marino D, Ribera D’Alcalà M (eds)
Metodi per lo studio del plancton marino, Nova Thalassia, Trieste
Lint 11, p 199–205
Maugeri TL, Gugliandolo C, Caccamo D, Stackebrandt E (2001) A
polyphasic taxonomic study of thermophilic bacilli from shallow,
marine vents. Syst Appl Microbiol 24:451–468
Maugeri TL, Gugliandolo C, Caccamo D, Stackebrandt E (2002)
Three novel halotolerant and thermophilic Geobacillus strains
from shallow marine vents. Syst Appl Microbiol 25:450–455
Maugeri TL, Lentini V, Gugliandolo C, Italiano F, Cousin S, Stackebrandt
E (2009) Bacterial and archaeal populations at two shallow
hydrothermal vents off Panarea Island (Eolian Islands, Italy).
Extremophiles 13:199–212
Maugeri TL, Lentini V, Gugliandolo C, Italiano F, Cousin S, Stackebrandt
E (2010) Microbial diversity at a hot shallow thermal vent
in the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea (Italy). Geomicrobiol J 27:1–11
Maugeri TL, Lentini V, Spanò A, Gugliandolo C (2013a) Abundance
and diversity of picocyanobacteria in shallow hydrothermal vents
of Panarea Island (Italy). Geomicrobiol J 30:93–99
Maugeri TL, Gugliandolo C, Lentini V (2013b) Diversity of prokaryotes
at a shallow submarine vent by high-throughput Illumina
sequencing. Atti della Accademia Peloritana dei Pericolanti
Classe di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali ISSN 1825–
1242. doi:10.1478/AAPP.912A1
Meyer JL, Akerman NH, Proskurowski G, Huber JA (2013) Microbiological
characterization of post-eruption “snowblower”
vents at Axial Seamount. Front Microbiol, Juan de Fuca Ridge.
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2013.00153
Price RE, Lesniewski R, Nitzsche KS, Meyerdierks A, Saltikov C,
Pichler T, Amend JP (2013) Archaeal and bacterial diversity in an
arsenic-rich shallow sea hydrothermal system undergoing phase
separation. Front Microbiol. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2013.00158
Reysenbach AL, Gotz D, Yernool D (2002) Microbial diversity of
marine and terrestrial thermal springs. In: Staley JT, Reysenbach
AL (eds) Biodiversity of microbial life. Wiley, New York, pp
345–421
Schloss PD, Westcott SL, Ryabin T, Hall JR, Hartmann M, Hollister
EB, Lesniewski RA, Oakley BB, Parks DH, Robinson CJ, Sahl
JW, Stres B, Thallinger GG, Van Horn DJ, Weber CF (2009)
Introducing mothur: open-source, platform-independent, community-
supported software for describing and comparing microbial
communities. Appl Environ Microbiol 75:7537–7541
Sieland R, Steinbrückner D, Hamel M, Merkel B, Schipek M (2009)
Geochemical investigations and gas quantification of submarine
fluid discharges in the hydrothermal system of Panarea (Aeolian
Islands, Italy). FOG–Freiberg Online. Geology 22:87–93
Sievert SM, Kuever J, Muyzer G (2000) Identification of 16S ribosomal
DNA defined bacterial populations at a shallow submarine
hydrothermal vent near Milos Island (Greece). Appl Environ
Microbiol 66:3102–3109
Steinbrückner D (2009) Quantification of submarine degassing of
Panarea Volcano in the Aeolian archipelago, Italy. FOG–Freiberg
Online. Geology 23:1–113
Takai K, Hirayama H, Nakagawa T, Suzuki Y, Nealson KH, Horikoshi
K (2005) Lebetimonas acidiphila gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel
thermophilic, acidophilic, hydrogen-oxidizing chemolithoautotroph
within the ‘Epsilonproteobacteria’, isolated from a deepsea
hydrothermal fumarole in the Mariana Arc. Int J Syst Evol
Microbiol 55:183–189
Tarasov VG (2006) Effects of shallow-water hydrothermal venting
on biological communities of coastal marine ecosystems of the
Western Pacific. Adv Mar Biol 50:267–421Tarasov VG, Gebruk AV, Mironov AN, Moskalev LI (2005) Deep-sea
and shallow-water hydrothermal vent communities: two different
phenomena? Chem Geol 224:5–39
Tassi F, Capaccioni B, Caramanna G, Cinti D, Montegrossi G, Pizzino
L, Quattrocchi F, Vaselli O (2009) Low-pH waters discharging
from submarine vents at Panarea Island (Aeolian Islands,
southern Italy) after the 2002 gas blast: origin of hydrothermal
fluids and implications for volcanic surveillance. Appl Geochem
24:246–254
Thornburg CC, Zabriskie TM, McPhail KL (2010) Deep-sea hydrothermal
vents: potential hot spots for natural products discovery?
J Nat Prod 73:489–499Wang QG, Garrity M, Tiedje JM, Cole JR (2007) Naïve Bayesian
Classifier for rapid assignment of rRNA sequences into the new
bacterial taxonomy. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:5261–5267
Wirsen CO, Sievert SM, Cavanaugh CM, Molyneaux SJ, Ahmad A,
Taylor LT, DeLong EF, Taylor CD (2002) Characterization of an
autotrophic sulfide-oxidizing marine Arcobacter sp. that produces
filamentous sulfur. Appl Environ Microbiol 68:316–325
Zinger L, Amaral-Zettler LA, Fuhrman JA, Horner-Devine MC, Huse
SM, Welch DBM, Martiny JBH, Sogin M, Boetius A, Ramette A
(2011) Global patterns of bacterial beta-diversity in seafloor and
seawater ecosystems. PLoS One 6(9):e24570. doi:10.1371/journal.
pone.0024570
extended habitat range of sulfur-oxidizing Thiomicrospira spp.
Appl Environ Microbiol 63:3789–3796
Campbell BJ, Engel AS, Porter ML, Takai K (2006) The versatile
epsilon-proteobacteria: key players in sulphidic habitats. Nat Rev
Microbiol 4:458–468
Campbell BJ, Polson SW, Zeigler Allen L, Williamson SJ, Lee CK,
Wommack KE, Cary SC (2013) Diffuse flow environments
within basalt- and sediment based hydrothermal vent ecosystems
harbor specialized microbial communities. Front Microbiol
4:182. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2013.00182
Cole JR, Wang Q, Cardenas E, Fish J, Chai B, Farris RJ, Kulam-Syed-
Mohideen AS, McGarrell DM, Marsh T, Garrity GM, Tiedje JM
(2009) The ribosomal database project: improved alignments and
new tools for rRNA analysis. Nucleic Acids Res 37:D141–D145
Dando P, Aliani S, Arab H, Bianchi C, Brehmer M, Cocito S, Fowler
SW, Gundersen J, Hooper LE, Kolbl R, Kuever J, Linke P, Makropoulos
KC, Meloni R, Miquel JC, Morri C, Muller S, Robinson
C, Schlesner H, Sievert S, Stohr R, Stuben D, Thomm M, Varnavas
SP, Ziebis W (2000) Hydrothermal studies in the Aegean Sea.
Phys Chem Earth B Hydro Oceans Atmos 25:1–8. doi:10.1016/
S1464-1909(99)00112-4
DasSarma S, Fleischmann EF (1995) Archaea: a laboratory manual.
Halophiles. Cold Spring Harbour Laboratory Press, New York, pp
269–272Edgar RC (2010) Search and clustering orders of magnitude faster
than BLAST. Bioinformatics. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btq461
Flores GE, Shakya M, Meneghin J, Yang ZK, Seewald JS, Geoff
Wheat C, Podar M, Reysenbach AL (2012) Inter-field variability
in the microbial communities of hydrothermal vent deposits from
a back-arc basin. Geobiology 10:333–346
Gugliandolo C, Italiano F, Maugeri TL, Inguaggiato S, Caccamo D,
Amend JP (1999) Submarine hydrothermal vents of the Eolian
Islands: relationship between microbial communities and thermal
fluids. Geomicrobiol J 16:105–117
Gugliandolo C, Italiano F, Maugeri TL (2006) The submarine hydrothermal
system of Panarea (Southern Italy): biogeochemical processes
at the thermal fluids-sea bottom interface. Ann Geophys
49:783–792
Gugliandolo C, Lentini V, Spanò A, Maugeri TL (2012) New bacilli
from shallow hydrothermal vents of Panarea Island (Italy)
and their biotechnological potentialities. J Appl Microbiol
112:1102–1112
Hansen MC, Tolker-Neilson T, Givskov M, Molin S (1998) Biased
16S rDNA PCR amplification caused by interference from DNA
flanking template region. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 26:141–149
Hirayama H, Sunamura M, Takai K, Nunoura T, Noguchi T, Oida H,
Furushima Y, Yamamoto H, Oomori T, Horikoshi K (2007) Culture-
dependent and -independent characterization of microbial
communities associated with a shallow submarine hydrothermal
system occurring within a Coral Reef off Taketomi Island, Japan.
Appl Environ Microbiol 73:7642–7656
Huang C-I, Schubotz F, Price R, Amend J, Bach W, Meyerdierks A,
Amann R (2010) Geomicrobiological study at shallow-sea hydrothermal
vent site, Hot Lake, Lago Caldo, Panarea, Italy. 2th International
Workshop on Research in Shallow Marine and Fresh
Water Systems, Milazzo, Italy, Abstract p 37, 3–10 October 2010
Huber JA, Mark Welch DB, Morrison HG, Huse SM, Neal PR, Butterfield
DA, Sogin ML (2007) Microbial population structures in
the deep marine biosphere. Science 318:97–100
Huber JA, Cantin HV, Huse SM, Welch DB, Sogin ML, Butterfield
DA (2010) Isolated communities of Epsilonproteobacteria in
hydrothermal vent fluids of the Mariana Arc seamounts. FEMS
Microbiol Ecol 73:538–549
Inagaki F, Takai K, Kobayashi H, Nealson KH, Horikoshi K (2003)
Sulfurimonas autotrophica gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel sulfuroxidizing
epsilon-proteobacterium isolated from hydrothermal
sediments in the Mid-Okinawa Trough. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol
53:1801–1805
Inagaki F, Takai K, Nealson KH, Horikoshi K (2004) Sulfurovum
lithotrophicum gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel sulfur-oxidizing chemolithoautotroph
within the epsilon-proteobacteria isolated from
Okinawa Trough hydrothermal sediments. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol
54:1477–1482
Italiano F (2009) Hydrothermal fluids vented at shallow depths at the
Aeolian islands: relationships with volcanic and geothermal systems.
Procs. Int. Workshop Research in shallow marine and fresh
water systems, Freiberg, pp 55–60, 14–16 May 2009
Italiano F, Nuccio PM (1991) Geochemical investigations of submarine
volcanic exhalations to the East of Panarea, Eolian Islands,
Italy. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 46:125–141
Kerfahi D, Hall-Spencer JM, Tripathi BM, Milazzo M, Lee J, Adams
JM (2014) Shallow water marine sediment bacterial community
shifts along a natural CO2 gradient in the Mediterranean Sea off
Vulcano, Italy. Microb Ecol 67:819–828
Lentini V, Gugliandolo C, Bunk B, Overmann J, Maugeri TL (2014)
Diversity of prokaryotic community at a shallow marine hydrothermal
site elucidated by Illumina sequencing technology. Curr
Microbiol 69:457–466
Manini E, Luna GM, Corinaldesi C, Zeppilli D, Bortoluzzi G, Caramanna
G, Raffa F, Danovaro R (2008) Prokaryote diversity and virus abundance in shallow hydrothermal vents of the Mediterranean
Sea (Panarea Island) and the Pacific Ocean (North Sulawesi-
Indonesia). Microb Ecol 55:626–639
Maugeri TL, Acosta Pomar MLC, Bruni V (1990) Picoplancton. In:
Innamorati M, Ferrari I, Marino D, Ribera D’Alcalà M (eds)
Metodi per lo studio del plancton marino, Nova Thalassia, Trieste
Lint 11, p 199–205
Maugeri TL, Gugliandolo C, Caccamo D, Stackebrandt E (2001) A
polyphasic taxonomic study of thermophilic bacilli from shallow,
marine vents. Syst Appl Microbiol 24:451–468
Maugeri TL, Gugliandolo C, Caccamo D, Stackebrandt E (2002)
Three novel halotolerant and thermophilic Geobacillus strains
from shallow marine vents. Syst Appl Microbiol 25:450–455
Maugeri TL, Lentini V, Gugliandolo C, Italiano F, Cousin S, Stackebrandt
E (2009) Bacterial and archaeal populations at two shallow
hydrothermal vents off Panarea Island (Eolian Islands, Italy).
Extremophiles 13:199–212
Maugeri TL, Lentini V, Gugliandolo C, Italiano F, Cousin S, Stackebrandt
E (2010) Microbial diversity at a hot shallow thermal vent
in the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea (Italy). Geomicrobiol J 27:1–11
Maugeri TL, Lentini V, Spanò A, Gugliandolo C (2013a) Abundance
and diversity of picocyanobacteria in shallow hydrothermal vents
of Panarea Island (Italy). Geomicrobiol J 30:93–99
Maugeri TL, Gugliandolo C, Lentini V (2013b) Diversity of prokaryotes
at a shallow submarine vent by high-throughput Illumina
sequencing. Atti della Accademia Peloritana dei Pericolanti
Classe di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali ISSN 1825–
1242. doi:10.1478/AAPP.912A1
Meyer JL, Akerman NH, Proskurowski G, Huber JA (2013) Microbiological
characterization of post-eruption “snowblower”
vents at Axial Seamount. Front Microbiol, Juan de Fuca Ridge.
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2013.00153
Price RE, Lesniewski R, Nitzsche KS, Meyerdierks A, Saltikov C,
Pichler T, Amend JP (2013) Archaeal and bacterial diversity in an
arsenic-rich shallow sea hydrothermal system undergoing phase
separation. Front Microbiol. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2013.00158
Reysenbach AL, Gotz D, Yernool D (2002) Microbial diversity of
marine and terrestrial thermal springs. In: Staley JT, Reysenbach
AL (eds) Biodiversity of microbial life. Wiley, New York, pp
345–421
Schloss PD, Westcott SL, Ryabin T, Hall JR, Hartmann M, Hollister
EB, Lesniewski RA, Oakley BB, Parks DH, Robinson CJ, Sahl
JW, Stres B, Thallinger GG, Van Horn DJ, Weber CF (2009)
Introducing mothur: open-source, platform-independent, community-
supported software for describing and comparing microbial
communities. Appl Environ Microbiol 75:7537–7541
Sieland R, Steinbrückner D, Hamel M, Merkel B, Schipek M (2009)
Geochemical investigations and gas quantification of submarine
fluid discharges in the hydrothermal system of Panarea (Aeolian
Islands, Italy). FOG–Freiberg Online. Geology 22:87–93
Sievert SM, Kuever J, Muyzer G (2000) Identification of 16S ribosomal
DNA defined bacterial populations at a shallow submarine
hydrothermal vent near Milos Island (Greece). Appl Environ
Microbiol 66:3102–3109
Steinbrückner D (2009) Quantification of submarine degassing of
Panarea Volcano in the Aeolian archipelago, Italy. FOG–Freiberg
Online. Geology 23:1–113
Takai K, Hirayama H, Nakagawa T, Suzuki Y, Nealson KH, Horikoshi
K (2005) Lebetimonas acidiphila gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel
thermophilic, acidophilic, hydrogen-oxidizing chemolithoautotroph
within the ‘Epsilonproteobacteria’, isolated from a deepsea
hydrothermal fumarole in the Mariana Arc. Int J Syst Evol
Microbiol 55:183–189
Tarasov VG (2006) Effects of shallow-water hydrothermal venting
on biological communities of coastal marine ecosystems of the
Western Pacific. Adv Mar Biol 50:267–421Tarasov VG, Gebruk AV, Mironov AN, Moskalev LI (2005) Deep-sea
and shallow-water hydrothermal vent communities: two different
phenomena? Chem Geol 224:5–39
Tassi F, Capaccioni B, Caramanna G, Cinti D, Montegrossi G, Pizzino
L, Quattrocchi F, Vaselli O (2009) Low-pH waters discharging
from submarine vents at Panarea Island (Aeolian Islands,
southern Italy) after the 2002 gas blast: origin of hydrothermal
fluids and implications for volcanic surveillance. Appl Geochem
24:246–254
Thornburg CC, Zabriskie TM, McPhail KL (2010) Deep-sea hydrothermal
vents: potential hot spots for natural products discovery?
J Nat Prod 73:489–499Wang QG, Garrity M, Tiedje JM, Cole JR (2007) Naïve Bayesian
Classifier for rapid assignment of rRNA sequences into the new
bacterial taxonomy. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:5261–5267
Wirsen CO, Sievert SM, Cavanaugh CM, Molyneaux SJ, Ahmad A,
Taylor LT, DeLong EF, Taylor CD (2002) Characterization of an
autotrophic sulfide-oxidizing marine Arcobacter sp. that produces
filamentous sulfur. Appl Environ Microbiol 68:316–325
Zinger L, Amaral-Zettler LA, Fuhrman JA, Horner-Devine MC, Huse
SM, Welch DBM, Martiny JBH, Sogin M, Boetius A, Ramette A
(2011) Global patterns of bacterial beta-diversity in seafloor and
seawater ecosystems. PLoS One 6(9):e24570. doi:10.1371/journal.
pone.0024570
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