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Strato-mesospheric ozone measurements using ground-based millimeter-wave spectroscopy at Thule, Greenland
Author(s)
Language
English
Obiettivo Specifico
1.7. Osservazioni di alta e media atmosfera
1.10. TTC - Telerilevamento
Status
Published
JCR Journal
JCR Journal
Peer review journal
Yes
Title of the book
Issue/vol(year)
/117(2012)
Pages (printed)
D07307
Issued date
April 13, 2012
Abstract
On January 2009 a ground-based millimeter-wave spectrometer (GBMS) was installed
at Thule Air Base (76.5ºN, 68.8ºW), Greenland, for long-term winter monitoring of several stratospheric and mesospheric trace gases in the framework of the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change. This work is aimed at characterizing the GBMS O3 vertical profiles between 35 and 80 km altitude obtained by applying the
optimal estimation method to O3 pressure-broadened spectral line measurements carried
out during three winters. In this altitude range, GBMS O3 retrievals are highly
sensitive to variations of the atmospheric state, and their accuracy is estimated to be
the larger of 11% or 0.2 ppmv. Comparisons of GBMS O3 profiles with colocated
satellite-based measurements from Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) and
Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics Sounding of the
Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) show a good agreement
below 65 km altitude once the known 10%–20% high bias of SABER O3 profiles is considered, with the GBMS displaying an averaged low bias of 9% and 17% with
respect to MLS and SABER. In the nighttime mesosphere, the GBMS detects the ozone tertiary maximum within 0.1 ppmv (6%) on average with respect to the convolved MLS, SABER, and global 3-D ROSE model profiles but shifts its position to lower altitudes by 4–5 km compared to the height obtained by the other three data sets. In the 50–80 km altitude range, estimates of mesospheric O3 diurnal variation obtained from the GBMS and the convolved satellite measurements agree well within the ±1 standard deviation (~ 0.6 ppmv) of the GBMS mean profile.
at Thule Air Base (76.5ºN, 68.8ºW), Greenland, for long-term winter monitoring of several stratospheric and mesospheric trace gases in the framework of the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change. This work is aimed at characterizing the GBMS O3 vertical profiles between 35 and 80 km altitude obtained by applying the
optimal estimation method to O3 pressure-broadened spectral line measurements carried
out during three winters. In this altitude range, GBMS O3 retrievals are highly
sensitive to variations of the atmospheric state, and their accuracy is estimated to be
the larger of 11% or 0.2 ppmv. Comparisons of GBMS O3 profiles with colocated
satellite-based measurements from Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) and
Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics Sounding of the
Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) show a good agreement
below 65 km altitude once the known 10%–20% high bias of SABER O3 profiles is considered, with the GBMS displaying an averaged low bias of 9% and 17% with
respect to MLS and SABER. In the nighttime mesosphere, the GBMS detects the ozone tertiary maximum within 0.1 ppmv (6%) on average with respect to the convolved MLS, SABER, and global 3-D ROSE model profiles but shifts its position to lower altitudes by 4–5 km compared to the height obtained by the other three data sets. In the 50–80 km altitude range, estimates of mesospheric O3 diurnal variation obtained from the GBMS and the convolved satellite measurements agree well within the ±1 standard deviation (~ 0.6 ppmv) of the GBMS mean profile.
References
Boyd, I. S., A. D. Parrish, L. Froidevaux, T. von Clarmann, E. Kyrölä,
J. M. Russell III, and J. M. Zawodny (2007), Ground-based microwave
ozone radiometer measurements compared with Aura-MLS v2.2 and
other instruments at two Network for Detection of Atmospheric Composition
Change sites, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D24S33, doi:10.1029/
2007JD008720.
Brasseur, G., and S. Solomon (2005), Aeronomy of the Middle Atmosphere:
Chemistry and Physics of the Stratosphere and Mesosphere, 3rd ed.,
Springer, Dordrecht, Netherlands.
Cheng, D., R. L. de Zafra, and C. Trimble (1996), Millimeter wave spectroscopic
measurements over the South Pole: 2. An 11-month cycle of
stratospheric ozone observations during 1993–1994, J. Geophys. Res.,
101, 6781–6793, doi:10.1029/95JD03652.
Coe, H., B. J. Allan, and J. M. C. Plane (2002), Retrieval of vertical profiles
of NO3 from zenith sky measurements using an optimal estimation
method, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D21), 4587, doi:10.1029/2002JD002111.
Connor, B. J., A. Parrish, J. J. Tsou, and M. P. McCormick (1995), Error
analysis for the ground-based microwave ozone measurements during
STOIC, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 9283–9291, doi:10.1029/94JD00413.
de Zafra, R. L. (1995), The ground-based measurements of stratospheric
trace gases using quantitative millimeter wave emission spectroscopy,
in Diagnostic Tools in Atmospheric Physics: Proceedings of the International
School of Physics “Enrico Fermi”, pp. 23–54, Soc. Ital. Fis.,
Bologna, Italy.
de Zafra, R. L., V. Chan, S. Crewell, C. Trimble, and J. M. Reeves (1997),
Millimeter wave spectroscopic measurements over the South Pole: 3. The
behavior of stratospheric nitric acid through polar fall, winter, and spring,
J. Geophys. Res., 102, 1399–1410, doi:10.1029/95JD03679.
Di Biagio, C., G. Muscari, A. di Sarra, R. L. de Zafra, P. Eriksen, I. Fiorucci,
and D. Fuà (2010), Evolution of temperature, O3, CO, and N2O profiles
during the exceptional 2009 Arctic major stratospheric warming as
observed by lidar and millimeter-wave spectroscopy at Thule (76.5 N,
68.8 W), Greenland, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D24315, doi:10.1029/
2010JD014070.
Fiorucci, I., et al. (2008), Measurements of low amounts of precipitable
water vapor by millimeter wave spectroscopy: An intercomparison with radiosonde, Raman lidar, and Fourier transform infrared data, J. Geophys.
Res., 113, D14314, doi:10.1029/2008JD009831.
Fiorucci, I., G. Muscari, and R. L. de Zafra (2011), Revising the retrieval
technique of a long-term stratospheric HNO3 data set: From a constrained
matrix inversion to the optimal estimation algorithm, Ann. Geophys., 29,
1317–1330, doi:10.5194/angeo-29-1317-2011.
Froidevaux, L., et al. (1996), Validation of UARS Microwave Limb
Sounder ozone measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 10,017–10,060,
doi:10.1029/95JD02325.
Froidevaux, L., et al. (2008), Validation of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder
stratospheric ozone measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D15S20,
doi:10.1029/2007JD008771.
Hartogh, P., C. Jarchow, G. R. Sonnemann, and M. Grygalashvyly (2004),
On the spatiotemporal behavior of ozone within the mesosphere/mesopause
region under nearly polar night conditions, J. Geophys. Res., 109,
D18303, doi:10.1029/2004JD004576.
Marsh, D., A. Smith, G. Brasseur, M. Kaufmann, and K. Grossmann
(2001), The existence of a tertiary ozone maximum in the high-latitude
middle mesosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 4531–4534, doi:10.1029/
2001GL013791.
Muscari, G., A. G. di Sarra, R. L. de Zafra, F. Lucci, F. Baordo, F. Angelini,
and G. Fiocco (2007), Middle atmospheric O3, CO, N2O, HNO3, and
temperature profiles during the warm Arctic winter 2001–2002, J. Geophys.
Res., 112, D14304, doi:10.1029/2006JD007849.
Nedoluha, G., R. Bevilacqua, R. Gomez, D. Thacker, W. Waltman, and
T. Pauls (1995), Ground-based measurements of water vapor in the
middle atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 2927–2939, doi:10.1029/
94JD02952.
Parrish, A., R. L. de Zafra, P. M. Solomon, and J. W. Barrett (1988), A
ground-based technique for millimeter wave spectroscopic observations
of stratospheric trace constituents, Radio Sci., 23, 106–118, doi:10.1029/
RS023i002p00106.
Parrish, A., B. J. Connor, J. J. Tsou, I. S. Mc Dermid, and W. P. Chu
(1992), Ground-based microwave monitoring of stratospheric ozone, J.
Geophys. Res., 97, 2541–2546, doi:10.1029/91JD02914.
Pickett, H. M., R. L. Poynter, E. A. Cohen, M. L. Delitsky, J. C. Pearson, and
H. S. P. Müller (1998), Submillimeter, millimeter, and microwave spectral
line catalog, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 60, 883–890,
doi:10.1016/S0022-4073(98)00091-0.
Rodgers, C. D. (1976), Retrieval of atmospheric temperature and composition
from remote measurements of thermal radiation, Rev. Geophys., 14,
609–624, doi:10.1029/RG014i004p00609. Rodgers, C. D. (2000), Inverse Method for Atmospheric Sounding, Ser.
Atmos. Oceanic Planet. Phys., vol. 2, World Sci., Singapore.
Rong, P. P., J. M. Russell III, M. G. Mlynczak, E. E. Remsberg, B. T.
Marshall, L. L. Gordley, and M. Lopez-Puertas (2009), Validation of
Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics/
Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry
(TIMED/SABER) v1.07 ozone at 9.6 mm in altitude range 15–70 km, J.
Geophys. Res., 114, D04306, doi:10.1029/2008JD010073.
Rothman, L. S., et al. (2009), The HITRAN 2008 molecular spectroscopic
database, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 110, 533–572,
doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2009.02.013.
Russell, J. M., III, M. G. Mlynczak, L. L. Gordley, J. J. Tansock, and R. W.
Esplin (1999), Overview of the SABER experiment and preliminary calibration
results, Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 3756, 277–288.
Sander, S. P., et al. (2003), Chemical kinetics and photochemical data
for use in stratospheric modeling: Evaluation number 14, JPL Publ.,
02–25, 334 pp.
Smith, A. K., and D. R. Marsh (2005), Processes that account for the ozone
maximum at the mesopause, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D23305,
doi:10.1029/2005JD006298.
Smith, A. K., D. R. Marsh, J. M. Russell III, M. G. Mlynczak, F. J. Martin-
Torres, and E. Kyrölä (2008), Satellite observations of high nighttime
ozone at the equatorial mesopause, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D17312,
doi:10.1029/2008JD010066.
Twomey, S. (1977), Introduction to the Mathematics of Inversion in Remote
Sensing and Indirect Measurements, Dev. Geomath., vol. 3, Elsevier Sci.,
New York.
Waters, J. W., et al. (2006), The Earth Observing System Microwave Limb
Sounder (EOS MLS) on the Aura Satellite, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote
Sens., 44, 1075–1092, doi:10.1109/TGRS.2006.873771.
C. Cesaroni, I. Fiorucci, and G. Muscari, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e
Vulcanologia, sez. Roma 2, Via di Vigna Murata 605, I-00143 Rome, Italy.
(giovanni.muscari@ingv.it)
L. Froidevaux, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of
Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.
M. G. Mlynczak, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681,
USA.
A. K. Smith, Atmospheric Chemistry Division, National Center for
Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80305, USA.
J. M. Russell III, and J. M. Zawodny (2007), Ground-based microwave
ozone radiometer measurements compared with Aura-MLS v2.2 and
other instruments at two Network for Detection of Atmospheric Composition
Change sites, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D24S33, doi:10.1029/
2007JD008720.
Brasseur, G., and S. Solomon (2005), Aeronomy of the Middle Atmosphere:
Chemistry and Physics of the Stratosphere and Mesosphere, 3rd ed.,
Springer, Dordrecht, Netherlands.
Cheng, D., R. L. de Zafra, and C. Trimble (1996), Millimeter wave spectroscopic
measurements over the South Pole: 2. An 11-month cycle of
stratospheric ozone observations during 1993–1994, J. Geophys. Res.,
101, 6781–6793, doi:10.1029/95JD03652.
Coe, H., B. J. Allan, and J. M. C. Plane (2002), Retrieval of vertical profiles
of NO3 from zenith sky measurements using an optimal estimation
method, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D21), 4587, doi:10.1029/2002JD002111.
Connor, B. J., A. Parrish, J. J. Tsou, and M. P. McCormick (1995), Error
analysis for the ground-based microwave ozone measurements during
STOIC, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 9283–9291, doi:10.1029/94JD00413.
de Zafra, R. L. (1995), The ground-based measurements of stratospheric
trace gases using quantitative millimeter wave emission spectroscopy,
in Diagnostic Tools in Atmospheric Physics: Proceedings of the International
School of Physics “Enrico Fermi”, pp. 23–54, Soc. Ital. Fis.,
Bologna, Italy.
de Zafra, R. L., V. Chan, S. Crewell, C. Trimble, and J. M. Reeves (1997),
Millimeter wave spectroscopic measurements over the South Pole: 3. The
behavior of stratospheric nitric acid through polar fall, winter, and spring,
J. Geophys. Res., 102, 1399–1410, doi:10.1029/95JD03679.
Di Biagio, C., G. Muscari, A. di Sarra, R. L. de Zafra, P. Eriksen, I. Fiorucci,
and D. Fuà (2010), Evolution of temperature, O3, CO, and N2O profiles
during the exceptional 2009 Arctic major stratospheric warming as
observed by lidar and millimeter-wave spectroscopy at Thule (76.5 N,
68.8 W), Greenland, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D24315, doi:10.1029/
2010JD014070.
Fiorucci, I., et al. (2008), Measurements of low amounts of precipitable
water vapor by millimeter wave spectroscopy: An intercomparison with radiosonde, Raman lidar, and Fourier transform infrared data, J. Geophys.
Res., 113, D14314, doi:10.1029/2008JD009831.
Fiorucci, I., G. Muscari, and R. L. de Zafra (2011), Revising the retrieval
technique of a long-term stratospheric HNO3 data set: From a constrained
matrix inversion to the optimal estimation algorithm, Ann. Geophys., 29,
1317–1330, doi:10.5194/angeo-29-1317-2011.
Froidevaux, L., et al. (1996), Validation of UARS Microwave Limb
Sounder ozone measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 10,017–10,060,
doi:10.1029/95JD02325.
Froidevaux, L., et al. (2008), Validation of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder
stratospheric ozone measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D15S20,
doi:10.1029/2007JD008771.
Hartogh, P., C. Jarchow, G. R. Sonnemann, and M. Grygalashvyly (2004),
On the spatiotemporal behavior of ozone within the mesosphere/mesopause
region under nearly polar night conditions, J. Geophys. Res., 109,
D18303, doi:10.1029/2004JD004576.
Marsh, D., A. Smith, G. Brasseur, M. Kaufmann, and K. Grossmann
(2001), The existence of a tertiary ozone maximum in the high-latitude
middle mesosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 4531–4534, doi:10.1029/
2001GL013791.
Muscari, G., A. G. di Sarra, R. L. de Zafra, F. Lucci, F. Baordo, F. Angelini,
and G. Fiocco (2007), Middle atmospheric O3, CO, N2O, HNO3, and
temperature profiles during the warm Arctic winter 2001–2002, J. Geophys.
Res., 112, D14304, doi:10.1029/2006JD007849.
Nedoluha, G., R. Bevilacqua, R. Gomez, D. Thacker, W. Waltman, and
T. Pauls (1995), Ground-based measurements of water vapor in the
middle atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 2927–2939, doi:10.1029/
94JD02952.
Parrish, A., R. L. de Zafra, P. M. Solomon, and J. W. Barrett (1988), A
ground-based technique for millimeter wave spectroscopic observations
of stratospheric trace constituents, Radio Sci., 23, 106–118, doi:10.1029/
RS023i002p00106.
Parrish, A., B. J. Connor, J. J. Tsou, I. S. Mc Dermid, and W. P. Chu
(1992), Ground-based microwave monitoring of stratospheric ozone, J.
Geophys. Res., 97, 2541–2546, doi:10.1029/91JD02914.
Pickett, H. M., R. L. Poynter, E. A. Cohen, M. L. Delitsky, J. C. Pearson, and
H. S. P. Müller (1998), Submillimeter, millimeter, and microwave spectral
line catalog, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 60, 883–890,
doi:10.1016/S0022-4073(98)00091-0.
Rodgers, C. D. (1976), Retrieval of atmospheric temperature and composition
from remote measurements of thermal radiation, Rev. Geophys., 14,
609–624, doi:10.1029/RG014i004p00609. Rodgers, C. D. (2000), Inverse Method for Atmospheric Sounding, Ser.
Atmos. Oceanic Planet. Phys., vol. 2, World Sci., Singapore.
Rong, P. P., J. M. Russell III, M. G. Mlynczak, E. E. Remsberg, B. T.
Marshall, L. L. Gordley, and M. Lopez-Puertas (2009), Validation of
Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics/
Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry
(TIMED/SABER) v1.07 ozone at 9.6 mm in altitude range 15–70 km, J.
Geophys. Res., 114, D04306, doi:10.1029/2008JD010073.
Rothman, L. S., et al. (2009), The HITRAN 2008 molecular spectroscopic
database, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 110, 533–572,
doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2009.02.013.
Russell, J. M., III, M. G. Mlynczak, L. L. Gordley, J. J. Tansock, and R. W.
Esplin (1999), Overview of the SABER experiment and preliminary calibration
results, Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., 3756, 277–288.
Sander, S. P., et al. (2003), Chemical kinetics and photochemical data
for use in stratospheric modeling: Evaluation number 14, JPL Publ.,
02–25, 334 pp.
Smith, A. K., and D. R. Marsh (2005), Processes that account for the ozone
maximum at the mesopause, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D23305,
doi:10.1029/2005JD006298.
Smith, A. K., D. R. Marsh, J. M. Russell III, M. G. Mlynczak, F. J. Martin-
Torres, and E. Kyrölä (2008), Satellite observations of high nighttime
ozone at the equatorial mesopause, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D17312,
doi:10.1029/2008JD010066.
Twomey, S. (1977), Introduction to the Mathematics of Inversion in Remote
Sensing and Indirect Measurements, Dev. Geomath., vol. 3, Elsevier Sci.,
New York.
Waters, J. W., et al. (2006), The Earth Observing System Microwave Limb
Sounder (EOS MLS) on the Aura Satellite, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote
Sens., 44, 1075–1092, doi:10.1109/TGRS.2006.873771.
C. Cesaroni, I. Fiorucci, and G. Muscari, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e
Vulcanologia, sez. Roma 2, Via di Vigna Murata 605, I-00143 Rome, Italy.
(giovanni.muscari@ingv.it)
L. Froidevaux, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of
Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.
M. G. Mlynczak, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681,
USA.
A. K. Smith, Atmospheric Chemistry Division, National Center for
Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80305, USA.
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