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Source Complexity of the 6 April 2009 L'Aquila (Central Italy) Earthquake and Its Strongest Aftershock Revealed by Elementary Seismological Analysis
Language
English
Obiettivo Specifico
1.1. TTC - Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale
Status
Published
JCR Journal
JCR Journal
Peer review journal
Yes
Title of the book
Issue/vol(year)
/36 (2009)
Publisher
AGU
Pages (printed)
L23305
Issued date
December 8, 2009
Last version
http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/gl0923/2009GL041331/
Abstract
Seismic recordings are immediately available when an earthquake occurs. Their analysis allows the reconstruction of the rupture dynamics by means of sophisticated techniques, which usually need some tests to provide robust results. However, immediate information on the source kinematics is required in order to imagine the fault location and extent and quickly reconstruct the areas of stress release and subsequent accumulation. Very simple analysis may provide useful information, giving insight in source complexity. Right after the 6 April 2009 L'Aquila earthquake (MW = 6.3), we analyzed the seismograms recorded at broadband and strong motion stations and provided firm constraints on rupture kinematics, slip distribution, and static surface deformation, also discriminating the actual fault plane. The fracture occurred in two stages, with initial updip propagation, successively proceeding toward SE, possibly on a different plane. We also analyzed the strongest aftershock (MW = 5.6), showing that useful indications could be retrieved for lower magnitude events.
References
References
Atzori, S., I. Hunstad, M. Chini, S. Salvi, C. Tolomei, C. Bignami, S. Stramondo, E. Trasatti, and A. Antonioli (2009), Finite fault inversion of DInSAR coseismic displacement of the 2009 L'Aquila earthquake (central Italy), Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L15305, doi:10.1029/2009GL039293.[AGU]
Boatwright, J. (2007), The persistence of directivity in small earthquakes, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 97, 1850–1861, doi:10.1785/0120050228.[CrossRef]
Cirella, A., A. Piatanesi, M. Cocco, E. Tinti, L. Scognamiglio, A. Michelini, A. Lomax, and E. Boschi (2009), Rupture history of the 2009 L'Aquila earthquake from non-linear joint inversion of strong motion and GPS data, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L19304, doi:10.1029/2009GL039795.[AGU]
De Martini, P. M., N. A. Pino, G. Valensise, and S. Mazza (2003), Geodetic and seismologic evidence for slip variability along a blind normal fault in the Umbria-Marche 1997–1998 earthquakes (central Italy), Geophys. J. Int., 155, 819–829, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2003.02049.x.[CrossRef]
EMERGEO Working Group (2009), Field geological survey in the epicentral area of the Abruzzi (central Italy) seismic sequence of April 6th, 2009, in Quaderni di Geofisica, vol. 70, Ist. Naz. di Geofis. e Vulcanol., Rome.
Kanamori, H., H. Thio, D. Dreger, E. Hauksson, and T. Heaton (1992), Initial investigation of the Landers, California, earthquake of 28 June 1992 using TERRAscope, Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 2267–2270, doi:10.1029/92GL02320.[AGU]
Pillet, R., and J. Virieux (2007), The effects of seismic rotations on inertial sensors, Geophys. J. Int., 171, 1314–1323, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03617.x.[CrossRef]
Pino, N. A., and F. Di Luccio (2005), Seismic recording of small zero frequency displacement from moderate events, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L12304, doi:10.1029/2005GL022780.[AGU]
Pino, N. A., and S. Mazza (2000), The Umbria-Marche (central Italy) earthquakes: Relation between rupture directivity and sequence evolution for the Mw > 5 shocks, J. Seismol., 4, 451–461, doi:10.1023/A:1026579300852.[CrossRef]
Pondrelli, S., S. Salimbeni, A. Morelli, G. Ekström, M. Olivieri, and E. Boschi (2009), Seismic moment tensors of the April 2009, L'Aquila (central Italy), earthquake sequence, Geophys. J. Int., in press.
Wang, R., F. Lorenzo-Martín, and F. Roth (2003), Computation of deformation induced by earthquakes in a multi-layered elastic crust—FORTRAN programs EDGRN/EDCMP, Comput. Geosci., 29, 195–207, doi:10.1016/S0098-3004(02)00111-5.[CrossRef]
Wessel, P., and W. H. F. Smith (1991), Free software helps map and display data, Eos Trans. AGU, 72, 441, doi:10.1029/90EO00319.[AGU]
Zhu, L. (2003), Recovering permanent displacements from seismic records of the June 9, 1994 Bolivia deep earthquake, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30(14), 1740, doi:10.1029/2003GL017302.[AGU]
Atzori, S., I. Hunstad, M. Chini, S. Salvi, C. Tolomei, C. Bignami, S. Stramondo, E. Trasatti, and A. Antonioli (2009), Finite fault inversion of DInSAR coseismic displacement of the 2009 L'Aquila earthquake (central Italy), Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L15305, doi:10.1029/2009GL039293.[AGU]
Boatwright, J. (2007), The persistence of directivity in small earthquakes, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 97, 1850–1861, doi:10.1785/0120050228.[CrossRef]
Cirella, A., A. Piatanesi, M. Cocco, E. Tinti, L. Scognamiglio, A. Michelini, A. Lomax, and E. Boschi (2009), Rupture history of the 2009 L'Aquila earthquake from non-linear joint inversion of strong motion and GPS data, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L19304, doi:10.1029/2009GL039795.[AGU]
De Martini, P. M., N. A. Pino, G. Valensise, and S. Mazza (2003), Geodetic and seismologic evidence for slip variability along a blind normal fault in the Umbria-Marche 1997–1998 earthquakes (central Italy), Geophys. J. Int., 155, 819–829, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2003.02049.x.[CrossRef]
EMERGEO Working Group (2009), Field geological survey in the epicentral area of the Abruzzi (central Italy) seismic sequence of April 6th, 2009, in Quaderni di Geofisica, vol. 70, Ist. Naz. di Geofis. e Vulcanol., Rome.
Kanamori, H., H. Thio, D. Dreger, E. Hauksson, and T. Heaton (1992), Initial investigation of the Landers, California, earthquake of 28 June 1992 using TERRAscope, Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 2267–2270, doi:10.1029/92GL02320.[AGU]
Pillet, R., and J. Virieux (2007), The effects of seismic rotations on inertial sensors, Geophys. J. Int., 171, 1314–1323, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03617.x.[CrossRef]
Pino, N. A., and F. Di Luccio (2005), Seismic recording of small zero frequency displacement from moderate events, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L12304, doi:10.1029/2005GL022780.[AGU]
Pino, N. A., and S. Mazza (2000), The Umbria-Marche (central Italy) earthquakes: Relation between rupture directivity and sequence evolution for the Mw > 5 shocks, J. Seismol., 4, 451–461, doi:10.1023/A:1026579300852.[CrossRef]
Pondrelli, S., S. Salimbeni, A. Morelli, G. Ekström, M. Olivieri, and E. Boschi (2009), Seismic moment tensors of the April 2009, L'Aquila (central Italy), earthquake sequence, Geophys. J. Int., in press.
Wang, R., F. Lorenzo-Martín, and F. Roth (2003), Computation of deformation induced by earthquakes in a multi-layered elastic crust—FORTRAN programs EDGRN/EDCMP, Comput. Geosci., 29, 195–207, doi:10.1016/S0098-3004(02)00111-5.[CrossRef]
Wessel, P., and W. H. F. Smith (1991), Free software helps map and display data, Eos Trans. AGU, 72, 441, doi:10.1029/90EO00319.[AGU]
Zhu, L. (2003), Recovering permanent displacements from seismic records of the June 9, 1994 Bolivia deep earthquake, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30(14), 1740, doi:10.1029/2003GL017302.[AGU]
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