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Eocene-Oligocene magnetobiochronology of ODP Sites 689 and 690, Maud Rise, Weddell Sea, Antarctica
Language
English
Obiettivo Specifico
2.2. Laboratorio di paleomagnetismo
Status
Published
JCR Journal
JCR Journal
Peer review journal
Yes
Title of the book
Issue/vol(year)
1/2 / 117 (2005)
Publisher
Geological Society of America
Pages (printed)
46-66
Issued date
January 2005
Abstract
Magnetostratigraphic studies of Paleogene
sediments piston-cored on Maud Rise, Weddell Sea (ODP Sites 689 and 690), are a cornerstone of Southern Ocean Paleogene
and Neogene chronostratigraphy. However,
parts of previous magnetostratigraphic
interpretations have been called into question, and recent reinvestigation of the upper Paleocene–middle Eocene portion of Site
690 suggested that the records might be
contaminated by spurious magnetizations,
which raises doubts about the reliability of
these important records. We undertook a
high-resolution magnetostratigraphic study
of Eocene-Oligocene u-channel samples from
ODP Holes 689B, 689D, 690B, and 690C in
order to address these concerns. A pervasive
overprint appears to be present below the
middle Eocene, which compromises magnetobiostratigraphic interpretations for the upper Cretaceous and lower Paleogene. Nevertheless, our new results provide a robust record of geomagnetic field behavior from 38.5 to 25 Ma and confirm the reliability of these sediments for calibration of biostratigraphic datum events during a crucial phase of earth history when major Antarctic ice sheets developed. Also, comparison of magnetozone thicknesses in multiple holes at the same site indicates that ~1.2–1.8 m of the stratigraphic record is missing at each core break, which corresponds to time breaks of 120–360 k.y. Lack of a continuous record within a single hole renders useless spectral analyses for investigating long geomagnetic and paleoclimatic time series. This observation
reinforces the need for coring of multiple
offset holes to obtain continuous paleoceanographic records. Sedimentary hiatuses have been identified only at the deeper of the two investigated sites (Site 690), which could mark a local response to the onset of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current.
sediments piston-cored on Maud Rise, Weddell Sea (ODP Sites 689 and 690), are a cornerstone of Southern Ocean Paleogene
and Neogene chronostratigraphy. However,
parts of previous magnetostratigraphic
interpretations have been called into question, and recent reinvestigation of the upper Paleocene–middle Eocene portion of Site
690 suggested that the records might be
contaminated by spurious magnetizations,
which raises doubts about the reliability of
these important records. We undertook a
high-resolution magnetostratigraphic study
of Eocene-Oligocene u-channel samples from
ODP Holes 689B, 689D, 690B, and 690C in
order to address these concerns. A pervasive
overprint appears to be present below the
middle Eocene, which compromises magnetobiostratigraphic interpretations for the upper Cretaceous and lower Paleogene. Nevertheless, our new results provide a robust record of geomagnetic field behavior from 38.5 to 25 Ma and confirm the reliability of these sediments for calibration of biostratigraphic datum events during a crucial phase of earth history when major Antarctic ice sheets developed. Also, comparison of magnetozone thicknesses in multiple holes at the same site indicates that ~1.2–1.8 m of the stratigraphic record is missing at each core break, which corresponds to time breaks of 120–360 k.y. Lack of a continuous record within a single hole renders useless spectral analyses for investigating long geomagnetic and paleoclimatic time series. This observation
reinforces the need for coring of multiple
offset holes to obtain continuous paleoceanographic records. Sedimentary hiatuses have been identified only at the deeper of the two investigated sites (Site 690), which could mark a local response to the onset of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current.
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isotope excursion: Implications for geochronology, in
Knox, R.W.O.’B., et al., eds., Correlation of the early
Paleogene in Northwest Europe: Geological Society
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Barker, P.F., and Burrell, J., 1977, The opening of Drake Passage:
Marine Geology, v. 25, p. 15–34, doi: 10.1016/
0025-3227(77)90045-7.
Barker, P.F., Kennett, J.P., O’Connell, S., Berkowitz, S.P.,
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D.K., Gersonde, R.E., Golovchenko, X., Hamilton, N.,
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B.A., Nagao, T., Pereira, C.P.G., Pudsey, C.J., Robert,
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E., Thompson, K.F.M., and Wise, S.W., Jr., 1988,
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E., Thompson, K.F.M., and Wise, S.W., Jr., 1990,
Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: College
Station, Texas, Initial Reports, v. 113, p. 1033.
Barrett, P.J., 1996, Antarctic palaeoenvironment through
Cenozoic times—A review: Terra Antartica, v. 3,
p. 103–119.
Berggren, W.A., Kent, D.V., Flynn, J.J., and van Couvering,
J.A., 1985, Cenozoic geochronology: Geological Society
of America Bulletin, v. 96, p. 1407–1418.
Berggren, W.A., Kent, D.V., Swisher, C.C., III, and Aubry,
M.-P., 1995, A revised Cenozoic geochronology and
chronostratigraphy, in Berggren, W.A., et al., eds.,
Geochronology, time scales and global stratigraphic
correlation: Framework for an historical geology:
SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology) Special
Publication 54, p. 129–212.
Besse, J., and Courtillot, V., 2002, Apparent and true polar
wander and the geometry of the geomagnetic fi eld over
the last 200 Myr: Journal of Geophysical Research,
v. 107, 2300, doi: 10.129/2000JB000050.
Cande, S.C., and Kent, D.V., 1992, A new geomagnetic
polarity time scale for the late Cretaceous and
Cenozoic: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 97,
p. 13,917–13,951.
Cande, S.C., and Kent, D.V., 1995, Revised calibration of
the geomagnetic polarity time scale for the late Cretaceous
and Cenozoic: Journal of Geophysical Research,
v. 100, p. 6093–6095, doi: 10.1029/94JB03098.
Cande, S.C., Stock, J.M., Müller, R.D., and Ishihara, T., 2000,
Cenozoic motion between east and west Antarctica:
Nature, v. 404, p. 145–150, doi: 10.1038/35004501.
Constable, C.G., Tauxe, L., and Parker, R.L., 1998, Analysis
of 11 Myr of geomagnetic intensity variation: Journal
of Geophysical Research, v. 103, p. 17,735–17,748,
doi: 10.1029/98JB01519.
Day, R., Fuller, M., and Schmidt, V.A., 1977, Hysteresis
properties of titanomagnetites: Grain-size and compositional
dependence: Physics of the Earth and Planetary
Interiors, v. 13, p. 260–267, doi: 10.1016/0031-
9201(77)90108-X.
DeConto, R.M., and Pollard, D., 2003, Rapid Cenozoic
glaciation of Antarctica induced by declining atmospheric
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