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Recent Activity and Kinematics of the Bounding Faults of the Catanzaro Trough (Central Calabria, Italy): New Morphotectonic, Geodetic and Seismological Data
Author(s)
Language
English
Obiettivo Specifico
2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
Status
Published
JCR Journal
JCR Journal
Peer review journal
Yes
Title of the book
Issue/vol(year)
10/11 (2021)
Publisher
MDPI
Pages (printed)
405
Issued date
September 26, 2021
Alternative Location
Subjects
Abstract
A multidisciplinary work integrating structural, geodetic and seismological data was
performed in the Catanzaro Trough (central Calabria, Italy) to define the seismotectonic setting of
this area. The Catanzaro Trough is a structural depression transversal to the Calabrian Arc, lying
in-between two longitudinal grabens: the Crati Basin to the north and the Mesima Basin to the
south. The investigated area experienced some of the strongest historical earthquakes of Italy, whose
seismogenic sources are still not well defined. We investigated and mapped the major WSW–ENE
to WNW–ESE trending normal-oblique Lamezia-Catanzaro Fault System, bounding to the north
the Catanzaro Trough. Morphotectonic data reveal that some fault segments have recently been
reactivated since they have displaced upper Pleistocene deposits showing typical geomorphic features
associated with active normal fault scarps such as triangular and trapezoidal facets, and displaced
alluvial fans. The analysis of instrumental seismicity indicates that some clusters of earthquakes
have nucleated on the Lamezia-Catanzaro Fault System. In addition, focal mechanisms indicate
the prevalence of left-lateral kinematics on E–W roughly oriented fault plains. GPS data confirm
that slow left-lateral motion occurs along this fault system. Minor north-dipping normal faults were
also mapped in the southern side of the Catanzaro Trough. They show eroded fault scarps along
which weak seismic activity and negligible geodetic motion occur. Our study highlights that the
Catanzaro Trough is a poliphased Plio-Quaternary extensional basin developed early as a half-graben
in the frame of the tear-faulting occurring at the northern edge of the subducting Ionian slab. In
this context, the strike-slip motion contributes to the longitudinal segmentation of the Calabrian
Arc. In addition, the high number of seismic events evidenced by the instrumental seismicity, the
macroseismic intensity distribution of the historical earthquakes and the scaling laws relating to
earthquakes and seismogenic faults support the hypothesis that the Lamezia-Catanzaro Fault System
may have been responsible for the historical earthquakes since it is capable of triggering earthquakes
with magnitude up to 6.9.
performed in the Catanzaro Trough (central Calabria, Italy) to define the seismotectonic setting of
this area. The Catanzaro Trough is a structural depression transversal to the Calabrian Arc, lying
in-between two longitudinal grabens: the Crati Basin to the north and the Mesima Basin to the
south. The investigated area experienced some of the strongest historical earthquakes of Italy, whose
seismogenic sources are still not well defined. We investigated and mapped the major WSW–ENE
to WNW–ESE trending normal-oblique Lamezia-Catanzaro Fault System, bounding to the north
the Catanzaro Trough. Morphotectonic data reveal that some fault segments have recently been
reactivated since they have displaced upper Pleistocene deposits showing typical geomorphic features
associated with active normal fault scarps such as triangular and trapezoidal facets, and displaced
alluvial fans. The analysis of instrumental seismicity indicates that some clusters of earthquakes
have nucleated on the Lamezia-Catanzaro Fault System. In addition, focal mechanisms indicate
the prevalence of left-lateral kinematics on E–W roughly oriented fault plains. GPS data confirm
that slow left-lateral motion occurs along this fault system. Minor north-dipping normal faults were
also mapped in the southern side of the Catanzaro Trough. They show eroded fault scarps along
which weak seismic activity and negligible geodetic motion occur. Our study highlights that the
Catanzaro Trough is a poliphased Plio-Quaternary extensional basin developed early as a half-graben
in the frame of the tear-faulting occurring at the northern edge of the subducting Ionian slab. In
this context, the strike-slip motion contributes to the longitudinal segmentation of the Calabrian
Arc. In addition, the high number of seismic events evidenced by the instrumental seismicity, the
macroseismic intensity distribution of the historical earthquakes and the scaling laws relating to
earthquakes and seismogenic faults support the hypothesis that the Lamezia-Catanzaro Fault System
may have been responsible for the historical earthquakes since it is capable of triggering earthquakes
with magnitude up to 6.9.
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2. Tansi, C.; Muto, F.; Critelli, S.; Iovine, G. Neogene-Quaternary strike-sliptectonics in the central Calabria Arc (southern Italy). J.
Geodyn. 2007, 43, 397–414. [CrossRef]
3. Faccenna, C.; Becker, T.W.; Lucente, F.P.; Jolivet, L.; Rossetti, F. History of subduction and back arc extension in the Central
Mediterranean. Geophys. J. Int. 2001, 145, 809–820. [CrossRef]
4. Faccenna, C.; Funiciello, F.; Civetta, L.; D’Antonio, M.; Moroni, M.; Piromallo, C. Slab disruption, mantle circulation, and the
opening of the Tyrrhenian basins. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap. 2007, 418, 153–169. [CrossRef]
5. Neri, G.; Barberi, G.; Oliva, G.; Orecchio, B. Spatial variations of seismogenic stress orientations in Sicily, south Italy. Phys. Earth
and Planet. Int. 2005, 148, 175–191. [CrossRef]
6. D’Agostino, N.; D’Anastasio, E.; Gervasi, A.; Guerra, I.; Nedimovi´c, M.R.; Seeber, L.; Steckler, M. Forearc extension and slow
rollback of the Calabrian Arc from GPS measurements. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2011, 38, L17304. [CrossRef]
7. Presti, D.; Billi, A.; Orecchio, B.; Totaro, C.; Faccenna, C.; Neri, G. Earthquake focal mechanisms, seismogenic stress, and
seismotectonics of the Calabrian Arc, Italy. Tectonophysics 2013, 602, 153–175. [CrossRef]
8. Ghisetti, F.; Vezzani, L. Different styles of deformation in the Calabrian arc (southern Italy): Implications for a seismotectonic
zoning. Tectonophysics 1982, 85, 149–165. [CrossRef]
9. Tortorici, L.; Monaco, C.; Tansi, C.; Cocina, O. Recent and active tectonics in the Calabrian Arc (Southern Italy). Tectonophysics
1995, 243, 37–55. [CrossRef]
10. Monaco, C.; Tortorici, L. Active faulting in the Calabrian arc and eastern Sicily. J. Geod. 2000, 29, 407–424. [CrossRef]
11. Gasparini, C.; Iannacone, G.; Scandone, P.; Scarpa, R. Seismotectonics of the Calabrian Arc. Tectonophysics 1982, 82, 267–286.
[CrossRef]
12. Westaway, R. Seismic moment summation for historical earthquakes in Italy: Tectonic implications. J. Geophys. Res. 1992, 97,
15437–15464. [CrossRef]
13. Castello, B.; Selvaggi, G.; Chiarabba, C.; Amato, A. CSI Catalogo della Sismicità Italiana 1981–2002, Versione 1.1.; INGV-CNT: Rome,
Italy, 2006. Available online: http://csi.rm.ingv.it/ (accessed on 1 September 2021).
14. Calò, M.; Dorbath, C.; Luzio, D.; Rotolo, S.G.; D’Anna, G. Seismic velocity structures of southern Italy from tomographic imaging
of the Ionian slab and petrological inferences. Geophys. J. Int. 2012, 191, 751–764. [CrossRef]
15. Rotondi, R. Bayesian nonparametric inference for earthquake recurrence time distributions in different tectonic regimes. J.
Geophys. Res. Solid Earth 2010, 115, B01302. [CrossRef]
16. Rovida, A.; Locati, M.; Camassi, R.; Lolli, B.; Gasperini, P.; Antonucci, A. Italian Parametric Earthquake Catalogue (CPTI15), Version
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