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Microbial communities near the oxic/anoxic interface in the hydrothermal system of Vulcano Island, Italy
Author(s)
Language
English
Status
Published
Peer review journal
Yes
Title of the book
Issue/vol(year)
224(2005)
Publisher
Elsevier
Pages (printed)
169– 182
Issued date
2005
Alternative Location
Abstract
Hydrothermal fluids and sediments from subaerial and shallow submarine sites at Vulcano Island, Italy were investigated for relations between the thermophilic microbial communities, as analysed by fluorescence in situ hybridization, and their geochemical environment, as assessed by photometry, chromatography, and in situ microsensor measurements. Mixing between hydrothermal fluids and seawater in the sediment pore space was reflected in the chemical composition of the emitted fluids, in depth profiles of pore water oxygen and sulfide concentrations, and in the structure of the benthic microbial community. Organic compounds did not accumulate in the vent fluids (b10 AM fatty acids) or in the sediments (b0.1% Corg), suggesting that efficient utilization supported
microbial populations on the order of 104 cells per ml fluid and 108 cells per cm3 sediment. Groups of thermophiles that typically gain metabolic energy from the fermentation of organic matter (Thermococcales, Thermotoga/Thermosipho spp., and Bacillus sp.)were detected in significant abundances at all study sites. Also abundant were thermophiles capable of oxidizing organic acids with oxygen, nitrate, or sulfate. Aerobic thermophiles (Aquificales and Thermus sp.) were more abundant at oxic sites than at anoxic sites. Increasingly oxygenated habitats were associated with decreasing abundance of anaerobic (hyper)thermophiles belonging to the order Archaeoglobales.
microbial populations on the order of 104 cells per ml fluid and 108 cells per cm3 sediment. Groups of thermophiles that typically gain metabolic energy from the fermentation of organic matter (Thermococcales, Thermotoga/Thermosipho spp., and Bacillus sp.)were detected in significant abundances at all study sites. Also abundant were thermophiles capable of oxidizing organic acids with oxygen, nitrate, or sulfate. Aerobic thermophiles (Aquificales and Thermus sp.) were more abundant at oxic sites than at anoxic sites. Increasingly oxygenated habitats were associated with decreasing abundance of anaerobic (hyper)thermophiles belonging to the order Archaeoglobales.
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groundwaters on Vulcano Island (Italy). J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 108, 189–200.
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Daims, H., Bru¨ hl, A., Amann, R., Schleifer, K.-H., Wagner, M., 1999. The domain-specific probe EUB338 is insufficient for the detection of all Bacteria: development and evaluation of a more comprehensive probe set. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 22, 434–444.
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Dando, P.R., Aliani, S., Arab, H., Bianchi, C.N., Brehmer, M., Cocito,S., et al., 2000. Hydrothermal studies in the Aegean Sea. Phys.
Chem. Earth 25, 1–8.
D’Andrea, A.F., Aller, R.C., Lopez, G.R., 2002. Organic matter flux and reactivity on a South Carolina sandflat: the impacts of porewater
advection and macrobiological structures. Limnol. Oceanogr. 47, 1056–1070.
Deckert, G., Warren, P.V., Gaasterland, T., Young, W.G., Lenox, A.L., Graham, D.E., et al., 1998. The complete genome of the hyperthermophilic bacterium Aquifex aeolicus. Nature 392,353–358.
Dhillon, A., Teske, A., Dillon, J., Stahl, D.A., Sogin, M.L., 2003. Molecular characterization of sulfate-reducing bacteria in the Guaymas Basin. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69, 2765–2772.
di Liberto, V., Nuccio, P.M., Paonita, A., 2002. Genesis of chlorine and sulphur in fumarolic emissions at Vulcano Island (Italy): assessment of pH and redox conditions in the hydrothermal
system. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 116, 137–150.
Dirmeier, R., Keller, M., Hafenbradl, D., Braun, F.-J., Rachel, R., Burggraf, S., Stetter, K.O., 1998. Thermococcus acidaminovorans sp. nov., a new hyperthermophilic alkalophilic archaeon growing on amino acids. Extremophiles 2, 109–114.
Fiala, G., Stetter, K.O., 1986. Pyrococcus furiosus sp. nov. represents a novel genus of marine heterotrophic archaebacteria growing
optimally at 100 8C. Arch. Microbiol. 145, 56–61.
Fiala, G., Stetter, K.O., Jannasch, H.W., Langworthy, T.A., Madon, J., 1986. Staphylothermus marinus sp. nov. represents a novel genus of extremely thermophilic submarine heterotrophic archaebacteria growing up to 98 8C. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 8, 106–113.
Fischer, F., Zillig, W., Stetter, K.O., Schreiber, G., 1983. Chemolithoautotrophic
metabolism of anaerobic extremely thermophilic
archaebacteria. Nature 301, 511–513.
Fishbain, S., Dillon, J.G., Gough, H.L., Stahl, D.A., 2003. Linkage of high rates of sulfate reduction in Yellowstone hot springs to unique sequence types in the dissimilatory sulfate respiration pathway. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69, 3663–3667.
Fulignati, P., Gioncada, A., Sbrana, A., 1998. Geologic model of the magmatic–hydrothermal system of Vulcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy). Mineral. Petrol. 62, 195–222.
Gamberi, F., Marani, M., Savelli, C., 1997. Tectonic, volcanic and hydrothermal features of a submarine portion of the Aeolian Arc
(Tyrrhenian Sea). Mar. Geol. 140, 167–181.
Gieskes, J.M., 1969. Effect of temperature on the pH of seawater. Limnol. Oceanogr. 14, 679–685.
Grasshoff, K., 1983. Determination of oxygen. In: Grasshoff, K., Ehrhardt, M., Kremling, K. (Eds.), Methods of Seawater Analysis. Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, pp. 61–72.
Gugliandolo, C., Italiano, F., Maugeri, T.L., Inguaggiato, S., Caccamo, D., Amend, J.P., 1999. Submarine hydrothermal vents of the Aeolian Islands: relationship between microbial communities and thermal fluids. Geomicrobiol. J. 16, 105–117.
Gundersen, J.K., Jørgensen, B.B., 1990. Microstructure of diffusive boundary layers and the oxygen uptake of the sea floor. Nature
345, 604–607.
Hafenbradl, D., Keller, M., Dirmeier, R., Rachel, R., Rossnagel, P., Burggraf, S., Huber, H., Stetter, K.O., 1996. Ferroglobus placidus
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