New GPS constraints on the kinematics of the Apennines subduction
Language
English
Obiettivo Specifico
3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
Status
Published
JCR Journal
JCR Journal
Peer review journal
Yes
Issue/vol(year)
/273 (2008)
Publisher
Elsevier
Pages (printed)
163-174
Date Issued
August 30, 2008
Abstract
We present the velocity field of the Italian area derived from continuous GPS observations from 2003 to 2007.
The GPS sites were installed by different institutions and for different purposes; they cover the whole
country with a mean inter-site distance of about 60 km and provide a valuable source of data to map the
present day kinematics of the region.
The absolute ITRF2005 rotation poles and rates of Eurasia, Africa and Adriatic plates are estimated, to study
the kinematics along their boundaries in the Apennines belt.
The Corsica–Sardinia block, coherently moving as the Eurasia plate, is used as reference of the upper plate for
the Apennines subduction zone.We apply a simple kinematic model to estimate the rates and spatial pattern
of the subduction along the Apennines. We identify at least four different, independently moving, lower
plates, i.e., the Adriatic (diverging and internally segmented), Ionian, Sicily and Africa (converging) plates
with different subduction rates. The conservative estimates of the subduction rate are ~5 mm/yr in the
Calabrian Arc, ~1.5 mm/yr in Sicily, and ~0.9 mm/yr in the northern Apennines. This variegate mixture of
behaviors seems to reflect the variable lithospheric thickness and composition of the lower plates inherited
from the Mesozoic rifting. An unexpected along strike contraction is observed along the western side of the
central-northern Apennines.
Velocities are estimated both relative to Eurasia, and relative to the deep and shallow hotspot reference
frames (HSRF). The hotspot representation seems more coherent with the geophysical and geological
constraints along the subduction system, in which the Adriatic and Ionian plates move SW-ward and their
deeper slab portions provide an obstacle to the opposite relative mantle flow.
All these patterns better reconcile if the subduction process is conceived as a passive feature controlled by
the far field plate velocities and the relative “eastward” mantle flow acting on a disrupted slab.
The GPS sites were installed by different institutions and for different purposes; they cover the whole
country with a mean inter-site distance of about 60 km and provide a valuable source of data to map the
present day kinematics of the region.
The absolute ITRF2005 rotation poles and rates of Eurasia, Africa and Adriatic plates are estimated, to study
the kinematics along their boundaries in the Apennines belt.
The Corsica–Sardinia block, coherently moving as the Eurasia plate, is used as reference of the upper plate for
the Apennines subduction zone.We apply a simple kinematic model to estimate the rates and spatial pattern
of the subduction along the Apennines. We identify at least four different, independently moving, lower
plates, i.e., the Adriatic (diverging and internally segmented), Ionian, Sicily and Africa (converging) plates
with different subduction rates. The conservative estimates of the subduction rate are ~5 mm/yr in the
Calabrian Arc, ~1.5 mm/yr in Sicily, and ~0.9 mm/yr in the northern Apennines. This variegate mixture of
behaviors seems to reflect the variable lithospheric thickness and composition of the lower plates inherited
from the Mesozoic rifting. An unexpected along strike contraction is observed along the western side of the
central-northern Apennines.
Velocities are estimated both relative to Eurasia, and relative to the deep and shallow hotspot reference
frames (HSRF). The hotspot representation seems more coherent with the geophysical and geological
constraints along the subduction system, in which the Adriatic and Ionian plates move SW-ward and their
deeper slab portions provide an obstacle to the opposite relative mantle flow.
All these patterns better reconcile if the subduction process is conceived as a passive feature controlled by
the far field plate velocities and the relative “eastward” mantle flow acting on a disrupted slab.
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Tectonics and Magmatism in the Mediterranean region and Asia. Geol. Soc. Am. Sp.
Paper, vol. 409, pp. 83–96.
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validation of the global lithospheric flow. Geophys. J. Int. 168 (2), 491–506.
Cuffaro, M., Jurdy, D.M., 2006. Microplate motions in the hotspot reference frame. Terra
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frames. In: Foulger, G.R., Jurdy, D.M. (Eds.), Plates, Plumes, and Planetary Processes.
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boundary in the Calabrian Arc and Sicily and active extension in the Messina Straits
from GPS measurements. J. Geophys. Res. 109, B11402. doi:10.1029/2004JB002998.
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geomagnetic reversal time scale on estimates of current plate motions. Geophys.
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foreland of the Apenninic subduction due to buckling of a thick continental
lithosphere. Tectonics 13 (5), 1309–1321.
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subduction zones and applications to the western Mediterranean. Geol. Soc.
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doi:10.1029/2007JB004949.
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mantle flow around the Calabrian slab (southern Italy). Geophys. Res. Lett. 34,
L05302. doi:10.1029/2006GL028899.
Bally, A.W., Burbi, L., Cooper, C., Ghelardoni, R., 1986. Balanced sections and seismic
reflection profiles across the central Apennine. Mem. Soc. Geol. Ital. 35, 257–310.
Battaglia, M., Murray, M.H., Serpelloni, E., Bürgmann, R., 2004. The Adriatic region: an
independent microplate within the Africa–Eurasia collision zone. Geophys. Res.
Lett. 31, L09605. doi:10.1029/2004GL019723.
Beavan, J., 2005. Noise properties of continuous GPS data from concrete pillar geodetic
monuments in New Zealand and comparison with data from U.S. deep drilled
braced monuments. J. Geophys. Res. 110. doi:10.1029/2005JB003642.
Beutler, G., et al., 2007. Bernese GPS Software. In: Dach, R., Hugentobler, U., Fridez, P.,
Meindl, M. (Eds.), Astronomical Institute, University of Bern (January).
Bianco, G., Devoti, R., Luceri, V., 2003. Combination of loosely constrained solutions.
IERS Tech. Note (30), 107–109.
Bird, P., 2003. An updated digital model of plate boundaries. Geochem. Geophys.
Geosyst. 4 (3), 1027. doi:10.1029/2001GC000252.
Bruyninx, C., 2004. The EUREF Permanent Network: a multi-disciplinary network
serving surveyors as well as scientists. GeoInformatics 7, 32–35.
Calais, E., Bayer, R., Chery, J., Cotton, F., Doerflinger, E., Flouzat, M., Jouanne, F., Kasser, M.,
Laplanche, M., Maillard, D., Martinod, J., Mathieu, F., Nicolon, P.,Nocquet, J.-M., Scotti,
O., Serrurier, L., Tardy, M., Vigny, C., 2000. REGAL: a permanent GPS network in the
Western Alps. Configuration and first results. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris 331, 435–442.
Calcagnile, G., Panza, G.F., 1981. The main characteristics of the lithosphere–asthenosphere
system in Italy and surrounding regions. Pure Appl. Geophys. 119, 865–879.
Carminati, E., Negredo, A.M., Valera, J.L., Doglioni, C., 2005. Subduction-related
intermediate-depth and deep seismicity in Italy: insights from thermal and
rheological modeling. Phys. Earth Planet. Int. 149, 65–79.
Catalano, R., Doglioni, C., Merlini, S., 2001. On the Mesozoic Ionian basin. Geophys. J. Int.
144, 49–64.
Channell, J.E.T., 1996. Paleomagnetism and paleogeography of Adria, in paleomagnetism
and tectonics of the Mediterranean Region. In: Morris, A., Tarling, D.H. (Eds.), Geol.
Soc. Spec. Publ., vol. 105, pp. 119–132.
Chiarabba, C., Jovane, L., DiStefano, R., 2005. A new view of Italian seismicity using
20 years of instrumental recordings. Tectonophysics 395, 251–268.
Corti, G., Cuffaro, M., Doglioni, C., Innocenti, F., Manetti, P., 2006. Coexisting geodynamic
processes in the Sicily Channel. In: Dilek, Y., Pavlides, S. (Eds.), Postcollisional
Tectonics and Magmatism in the Mediterranean region and Asia. Geol. Soc. Am. Sp.
Paper, vol. 409, pp. 83–96.
Crespi, M., Cuffaro, M., Doglioni, C., Giannone, F., Riguzzi, F., 2007. Space geodesy
validation of the global lithospheric flow. Geophys. J. Int. 168 (2), 491–506.
Cuffaro, M., Jurdy, D.M., 2006. Microplate motions in the hotspot reference frame. Terra
Nova 18, 276–281.
Cuffaro, M., Doglioni, C., 2007. Global kinematics in the deep vs. shallowhotspot reference
frames. In: Foulger, G.R., Jurdy, D.M. (Eds.), Plates, Plumes, and Planetary Processes.
Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap., vol. 430, pp. 359–374. doi:10.1130/2007.2430(18).
Davies, P., Blewitt, G., 2000. Methodology for global geodetic timeseries estimation: a
new tool for geodynamics. J. Geophys. Res. 105 (B5), 11083–11100.
D'Agostino, N., Selvaggi, G., 2004. Crustal motion along the Eurasia–Nubia plate
boundary in the Calabrian Arc and Sicily and active extension in the Messina Straits
from GPS measurements. J. Geophys. Res. 109, B11402. doi:10.1029/2004JB002998.
DeMets, C., Gordon, R.G., Argus, D.F., Stein, S., 1994. Effect of recent revisions to the
geomagnetic reversal time scale on estimates of current plate motions. Geophys.
Res. Lett. 21 (20), 2191–2194.
Devoti, R., Ferraro, C., Gueguen, E., Lanotte, R., Luceri, V., Nardi, A., Pacione, R., Rutigliano, P.,
Sciarretta, C., Vespe, F., 2002. Geodetic control on recent tectonic movements in the
central Mediterranean area. Tectonophysics 346, 151–167.
Doglioni, C.,1991.A proposal of kinematicmodelling forW-dipping subductions—possible
applications to the Tyrrhenian–Apennines system. Terra Nova 3 (4), 423–434.
Doglioni, C., 1994. Foredeeps versus subduction zones. Geology 22 (3), 271–274.
Doglioni, C., Mongelli, F., Pieri, P., 1994. The Puglia uplift (SE-Italy): an anomaly in the
foreland of the Apenninic subduction due to buckling of a thick continental
lithosphere. Tectonics 13 (5), 1309–1321.
Doglioni, C., Mongelli, F., Pialli, G.P., 1998. Boudinage of the Alpine belt in the Apenninic
back-arc. Mem. Soc. Geol. Ital. 52, 457–468.
Doglioni, C., Gueguen, E., Harabaglia, P., Mongelli, F., 1999. On the origin of W-directed
subduction zones and applications to the western Mediterranean. Geol. Soc.
London Sp. Publ. 156, 541–561.
Doglioni, C., Innocenti, F., Mariotti, S., 2001. Why Mt. Etna? Terra Nova 13 (1), 25–31.
Doglioni, C., Innocenti, F., Morellato, C., Procaccianti, D., Scrocca, D., 2004. On the
Tyrrhenian sea opening. Mem. Descrittive Carta Geologica d'Italia 64, 147–164.
Doglioni, C., Carminati, E., Cuffaro, M., 2006. Simple kinematics of subduction zones. Int.
Geol. Rev. 48, 479–493.
R. Devoti et al. / Earth and Planetary Science Letters 273 (2008) 163–174 173
Doglioni, C., Carminati, E., Cuffaro, M., Scrocca, D., 2007. Subduction kinematics and dynamic
constraints. Earth Sci. Rev. 83, 125–175. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2007.04.001.
Faccenna, C., Piromallo, C., Crespo-Blanc, A., Jolivet, L., Rossetti, F., 2004. Lateral slab
deformation and the origin of the western Mediterranean arcs. Tectonics 23,
TC1012. doi:10.1029/2002TC001488.
Fernandes, R.M.S., Ambrosius, B.A.C., Noomen, R., Bastos, L.,Wortel, M.J.R., Spakman,W.,
Govers, R., 2003. The relative motion between Africa and Eurasia as derived from
ITRF2000 and GPS data. Geophys. Res. Lett. 30 (16), 1828.
Goes, S., Giardini, D., Jenny, S., Hollenstein, C., Kahle, H.-G., Geiger, A., 2004. A recent
tectonic reorganization in the south-central Mediterranean. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
226, 335–345.
Grenerczy, G., Sella, G., Stein, S., Kenyeres, A., 2005. Tectonic implications of the GPS
velocity field in the northern Adriatic region. Geophys. Res. Lett. 32, L16311.
doi:10.1029/2005GL022947.
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