Editorial for the Special Issue “Minerals of Alkaline Igneous Rocks: Chemical and Isotopic Features as Tracers of Magmatic Processes”

This Special Issue aims to highlight the pivotal role of the minerals found in alkaline
igneous rocks in tracing magmatic processes. In different geodynamic contexts, minerals
such as alkali-feldspar and clinopyroxene exhibit a largely variable chemical and isotopic
composition. Such a variability can be profitably employed to investigate the evolution
processes undergone by magmas during their movement from the mantle source up to the
surface, especially when magma evolution occurs in open-system conditions.....

1. Powell, R.; Holland, T. Optimal geothermometry and geobarometry. Am. Mineral. 1994, 79, 120–133.
2. Putirka, K.D. Thermometers and barometers for volcanic systems. Rev. Mineral. Geochem. 2008, 69, 61–120. [CrossRef]
3. Lowenstern, J.B. Chlorine, fluid immiscibility and degassing in peralkaline magmas from Pantelleria, Italy. Am. Mineral. 1994, 79,
353–369.
4. Blundy, J.; Cashman, K. Petrologic reconstruction of magmatic systems variables and processes. Rev. Mineral. Geochem. 2008, 69,
179–239. [CrossRef]
5. Collins, S.J.; Pyle, D.M.; Maclennan, J. Melt inclusions track pre-eruption storage and dehydration of magmas at Etna. Geology
2009, 37, 571–574. [CrossRef]
6. Di Muro, A.; Métrich, N.; Vergani, D.; Rosi, M.; Armienti, P.; Fourgeroux, T.; Deloule, E.; Arienzo, I.; Civetta, L. The shallow
plumbing system of Piton de la Fournaise volcano (La Réunion island, Indian Ocean) revealed by the major 2007 caldera forming
eruption. J. Petrol. 2014, 55, 1287–1315. [CrossRef]
7. Moretti, R.; Arienzo, I.; Di Renzo, V.; Orsi, G.; Arzilli, F.; Brun, F.; D’Antonio, M.; Mancini, L.; Deloule, E. Volatile segregation and
generation of highly vesiculated explosive magmas by volatile-melt fining processes: The case of the Campanian Ignimbrite
eruption. Chem. Geol. 2019, 503, 1–14. [CrossRef]
8. Arienzo, I.; Moretti, R.; Civetta, L.; Orsi, G.; Papale, P. The feeding system of the Agnano-Monte Spina eruption (Campi Flegrei,
Italy): Dragging the past into present activity and future scenarios. Chem. Geol. 2010, 270, 135–147. [CrossRef]
9. Arienzo, I.; Mazzeo, F.C.; Moretti, R.; Cavallo, A.; D’Antonio, M. Open-system magma evolution and fluid transfer at Campi
Flegrei caldera (Southern Italy) during the past 5 ka as revealed by geochemical and isotopic data: The archetype of Nisida
eruption. Chem. Geol. 2016, 427, 109–124. [CrossRef]
10. Francalanci, L.; Davies, G.R.; Lustenhouwer, W.I.M.; Tommasini, S.; Mason, P.R.; Conticelli, S. Intra-grain Sr isotope evidence for
crystal recycling and multiple magma reservoirs in the recent activity of Stromboli volcano, southern Italy. J. Petrol. 2005, 46,
1997–2021. [CrossRef]
11. Martin, V.M.; Davidson, J.; Morgan, D.; Jerram, D.A. Using the Sr isotope compositions of feldspars and glass to distinguish
magma system components and dynamics. Geology 2010, 38, 539–542. [CrossRef]
12. Arienzo, I.; D’Antonio, M.; Di Renzo, V.; Tonarini, S.; Minolfi, G.; Orsi, G.; Carandente, A.; Belviso, P.; Civetta, L. Isotopic
microanalysis sheds light on the magmatic endmembers feeding volcanic eruptions: The Astroni 6 case study (Campi Flegrei,
Italy). J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 2015, 304, 24–37. [CrossRef]
13. D’Antonio, M.; Tonarini, S.; Arienzo, I.; Civetta, L.; Dallai, L.; Moretti, R.; Orsi, G.; Andria, M.; Trecalli, A. Mantle and crustal
processes in the magmatism of the Campania region: Inferences from mineralogy, geochemistry, and Sr–Nd–O isotopes of young
hybrid volcanics of the Ischia island (South Italy). Contrib. Miner. Petrol. 2013, 165, 1173–1194. [CrossRef]
14. Iovine, R.S.; Mazzeo, F.C.; Arienzo, I.; D’Antonio, M.; Wörner, G.; Civetta, L.; Pastore, Z.; Orsi, G. Source and magmatic evolution
inferred from geochemical and Sr-O-isotope data on hybrid lavas of Arso, the last eruption at Ischia island (Italy; 1302 AD).
J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 2017, 331, 1–15. [CrossRef]
15. Pelullo, C.; Cirillo, G.; Iovine, R.S.; Arienzo, I.; Aulinas, M.; Pappalardo, L.; Petrosino, P.; Fernandez-Turiel, J.L.; D’Antonio,
M. Geochemical and Sr-Nd isotopic features of the Zaro volcanic complex: Insights on the magmatic processes triggering a
small-scale prehistoric eruption at Ischia island (south Italy). Int. J. Earth Sci. 2020, 109, 2829–2849. [CrossRef]
16. Zellmer, G.F.; Blake, S.; Vance, D.; Hawkesworth, C.; Turner, S. Plagioclase residence times at two island arc volcanoes (Kameni
Islands, Santorini, and Soufriere, St. Vincent) determined by Sr diffusion systematics. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 1999, 136, 345–357.
[CrossRef]
17. Bachmann, O.; Bergantz, G. The magma reservoirs that feed supereruptions. Elements 2008, 4, 17–21. [CrossRef]
18. Druitt, T.H.; Costa, F.; Deloule, E.; Dungan, M.; Scaillet, B. Decadal to monthly timescales of magma transfer and reservoir growth
at a caldera volcano. Nature 2012, 482, 77–80. [CrossRef]
19. Cooper, K.M.; Kent, A.J. Rapid remobilization of magmatic crystals kept in cold storage. Nature 2014, 506, 480–483. [CrossRef]
20. Rubin, A.E.; Cooper, K.M.; Till, C.B.; Kent, A.J.; Costa, F.; Bose, M.; Gravley, D.; Deering, C.; Cole, J. Rapid cooling and cold
storage in a silicic magma reservoir recorded in individual crystals. Science 2017, 356, 1154–1156. [CrossRef]
21. Till, C.B.; Vazquez, J.A.; Stelten, M.E.; Shamloo, H.I.; Shaffer, J.S. Coexisting discrete bodies of rhyolite and punctuated volcanism
characterize Yellowstone’s post-Lava Creek Tuff caldera evolution. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 2019, 20, 3861–3881. [CrossRef]
22. Costa, F.; Shea, T.; Ubide, T. Diffusion chronometry and the timescales of magmatic processes. Nat. Rev. Earth Environ. 2020, 1,
201–214. [CrossRef]
23. Di Renzo, V.; Pelullo, C.; Arienzo, I.; Civetta, L.; Petrosino, P.; D’Antonio, M. Geochemical and Sr-Isotopic study of clinopyroxenes
from Somma-Vesuvius lavas: Inferences for magmatic processes and eruptive behavior. Minerals 2022, 12, 1114. [CrossRef]
24. Pelullo, C.; Iovine, R.S.; Arienzo, I.; Di Renzo, V.; Pappalardo, L.; Petrosino, P.; D’Antonio, M. Mineral-melt equilibria and
geothermobarometry of Campi Flegrei Magmas: Inferences for magma storage conditions. Minerals 2022, 12, 308. [CrossRef]
25. Orsi, G.; D’Antonio, M.; Civetta, L. Introduction. In Campi Flegrei—A Restless Caldera in a Densely Populated Area; Orsi, G.,
D’Antonio, M., Civetta, L., Eds.; Springer: Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany, 2022; pp. vii–x. [CrossRef]
26. Donato, P.; De Rosa, R.; Tenuta, M.; Iovine, R.S.; Totaro, F.; D’Antonio, M. Sr-Nd isotopic composition of pyroxenes as a provenance
indicator of a double-volcanic source in sands of the Ofanto River (Southern Italy). Minerals 2022, 12, 232. [CrossRef]
27. Melluso, L.; de’ Gennaro, R.; Fedele, L.; Franciosi, L.; Morra, V. Evidence of crystallization in residual, Cl-F-rich, agpaitic,
trachyphonolitic magmas and primitive Mg-rich basalt-trachyphonolite interaction in the lava domes of the Phlegrean Fields
(Italy). Geol. Mag. 2012, 149, 532–550. [CrossRef]
28. Brown, R.; Civetta, L.; Arienzo, I.; D’Antonio, M.; Moretti, R.; Orsi, G.; Tomlinson, E.L.; Albert, P.G.; Menzies, M. Assembly,
evolution and disruption of a magmatic plumbing system before and after a cataclysmic caldera-collapse eruption at Ischia
volcano (Italy). Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 2014, 168, 1035. [CrossRef]
29. Melluso, L.; Morra, V.; Guarino, V.; de’ Gennaro, R.; Franciosi, L.; Grifa, C. The crystallization of shoshonitic to peralkaline
trachyphonolitic magmas in a H2O–Cl–F-rich environment at Ischia (Italy), with implications for the feeder system of the
Campania Plain volcanoes. Lithos 2014, 210, 242–259. [CrossRef]
30. D’Antonio, M.; Arienzo, I.; Di Renzo, V.; Civetta, L.; Carandente, A.; Tonarini, S. Origin and differentiation history of the
magmatic system feeding the Campi Flegrei volcanic field (Italy) constrained by radiogenic and stable isotope data. In Campi
Flegrei—A Restless Caldera in a Densely Populated Area; Orsi, G., D’Antonio, M., Civetta, L., Eds.; Springer: Berlin/Heidelberg,
Germany, 2022; pp. 125–149. [CrossRef]
Minerals 2023, 13, 7 6 of 6
31. De Fino, M.; La Volpe, L.; Piccarreta, G. Magma evolution at Mount Vulture (southern Italy). Bull. Volcanol. 1982, 45, 115–126.
[CrossRef]
32. Melluso, L.; Morra, V.; Di Girolamo, P. The Mt. Vulture volcanic complex (Italy): Evidence for distinct parental magmas and for
residual melts with melilite. Mineral. Petrol. 1996, 56, 225–250. [CrossRef]
33. D’Antonio, M.; Arienzo, I.; Brown, R.J.; Petrosino, P.; Pelullo, C.; Giaccio, B. Petrography and mineral chemistry of Monte Epomeo
Green Tuff, Ischia Island, South Italy: Constraints for identification of the Y-7 tephrostratigraphic marker in distal sequences of
the Central Mediterranean. Minerals 2021, 11, 955. [CrossRef]
34. Keller, J.; Ryan, W.B.F.; Ninkovich, D.; Altherr, R. Explosive volcanic activity in the Mediterranean over the past 200,000 yr as
recorded in deep-sea sediments. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 1978, 89, 591–604. [CrossRef]
35. Calanchi, N.; Gasparotto, G.; Romagnoli, C. Glass chemistry in volcaniclastic sediments of ODP Leg 107, Site 650, sedimentary
sequence: Provenance and chronological implications. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 1994, 60, 59–85. [CrossRef]
36. Lourens, L.J. Revised tuning of Ocean Drilling Program Site 964 and KC01B (Mediterranean) and implications for the d18O,
tephra, calcareous nannofossil, and geomagnetic reversal chronologies of the past 1.1 Myr. Paleoceanography 2004, 19, PA3010.
[CrossRef]
37. Wulf, S.; Kraml, M.; Brauer, A.; Keller, J.; Negendank, J.F.W. Tephrochronology of the 100 ka lacustrine sediment record of Lago
Grande di Monticchio (southern Italy). Quat. Int. 2004, 122, 7–30. [CrossRef]
38. Bourne, A.J.; Lowe, J.J.; Trincardi, F.; Asioli, A.; Blockley, S.P.E.; Wulf, S.; Matthews, I.P.; Piva, A.; Vigliotti, L. Distal tephra record
for the last ca 105,000 years from core PRAD 1–2 in the central Adriatic Sea: Implications for marine tephrostratigraphy. Quat. Sci.
Rev. 2010, 29, 3079–3094. [CrossRef]
39. Petrosino, P.; Arienzo, I.; Mazzeo, F.C.; Natale, J.; Petrelli, M.; Milia, A.; Perugini, D.; D’Antonio, M. The San Gregorio Magno
lacustrine basin (Campania, Southern Italy): Improved characterization of the tephrostratigraphic markers based on trace
elements and isotopic data. J. Quat. Sci. 2019, 34, 393–404. [CrossRef]
40. Vlach, S.R.F. On the morphology and geochemistry of hydrothermal crypto- and microcrystalline zircon aggregates in a peralkaline
granite. Minerals 2022, 12, 628. [CrossRef]
41. Frondel, C.; Collette, R.L. Hydrothermal synthesis of zircon, thorite and huttonite. Am. Mineral. 1957, 42, 759–765.
42. Valéro, R.; Durand, B.; Guth, J.-L.; Chopin, T. Hydrothermal synthesis of porous zircon in basic fluorinated medium. Microporous
Mesoporous Mater. 1999, 29, 311–318. [CrossRef]
43. Geisler, T.; Schaltegger, U.; Tomaschek, F. Re-equilibration of zircon in aqueous fluids and melts. Elements 2007, 3, 43–50.
[CrossRef]
44. Sun, Z.; Qin, K.; Mao, Y.; Tang, D.; Wang, F.; Evans, N.J.; Zhou, Q. Mineral chemistry of pyrochlore supergroup minerals from the
Boziguoer Nb-Ta-Zr-Rb-REE deposit, NW China: Implications for Nb enrichment by alkaline magma differentiation. Minerals
2022, 12, 785. [CrossRef]
45. Kamali, A.A.; Moayyed, M.; Saumur, B.M.; Fadaeian, M. Mineralogy and mineral chemistry of dioritic dykes, quartz diorite
enclaves and pyroxene of the Sungun Cu-Mo porphyry deposit, East Azerbaijan, Iran. Minerals 2022, 12, 1218. [CrossRef]
46. Sillitoe, R.H. Porphyry copper systems. Econ. Geol. 2010, 105, 3–41. [CrossRef]
47. Kamali, A.A.; Moayyed, M.; Amel, N.; Hosseinzadeh, M.R.; Mohammadiha, K.; Santos, J.F.; Brenna, M. Post-mineralization,
cogenetic magmatism at the Sungun Cu-Mo porphyry deposit (Northwest Iran): Protracted melting and extraction in an arc
system. Minerals 2018, 8, 588. [CrossRef]