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Di Buduo, Giovanni Maria
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Di Buduo, Giovanni Maria
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- PublicationRestrictedThe Bucobello 322 ka-fossil-bearing volcaniclastic-flow deposit in the eastern Vulsini Volcanic District (central Italy): Mechanism of emplacement and insights on human activity during MIS 9(2020)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;; ; ; ; ; We present a multidisciplinary study of a fossiliferous site located in the Vulsini Volcanic District, on the western side of the Tiber River Valley north of Rome, highlighting the peculiar geologic factors that contributed to the origin and preservation of an outstanding archaeological record testifying of the early human frequentation in this region. Mighty explosive eruptions since at least 500 ka affected the investigated area eventually culminating in the formation of the huge Bolsena caldera. Tectonic deformation accompanying volcanic activity caused large fault displacements, shaping the ground surface and contributing to route the path, and possibly to trigger, the catastrophic emplacement of volcaniclastic flows. A sedimentary trap originated by fault scarp cutting through a streambed was likely the cause for the large accumulation of bones and stone artifacts ripped up and carried by a volcaniclastic flow at 322 ka. The analysis of the fossil assemblage reveals both gnawing traces by carnivores and cut-marks from the percussion tools employed by humans to butch the carcasses. However, the occurrence of retouched and unretouched blanks within the lithic assemblage also testifies for provenance from a wider area of human activity, which included hunting and scavenging, probably at a nearby butchering site.95 2 - PublicationRestricted40Ar/39Ar single crystal dates from pyroclastic deposits provide a detailed record of the 590–240 ka eruptive period at the Vulsini Volcanic District (central Italy)(2020)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; We analyze the age distribution provided by 113 sanidine crystals separated from six samples of pyroclastic products of the Bolsena-Orvieto phase of activity at the Vulsini Volcanic District, which were dated via the 40Ar/39Ar single crystal, total fusion method in a previous study. Moreover, we investigate the compositional and depositional features of the dated products, both at the outcrop scale and at the optical microscope, aimed at discriminating the juvenile vs. antecrystic vs. xenocrystic origin of the dated crystals. Results of this study provide insights on the magmatic process preceding the eruptions, as well as on the eruptive mechanisms of the primary deposits. The data also provide a geochronologic context to the his- tory of eruptive activity of the Vulsini Volcanic District, from 590 to 250 ka with greater detail than previously outlined by direct dating of several primary units. Indeed, most of the six samples analyzed in the present work yielded 19 distinct crystal population ages, 10 of which match those of previously dated eruptive units and the other 9 possibly corresponding to primary deposits so far undated.88 2