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Scippacercola, Sergio
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Scippacercola, Sergio
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- PublicationOpen AccessPrincipal component analysis on twenty years (2000-2020) of geochemical and geophysical observations at Campi Flegrei active caldera(2023-10-27)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; Campi Flegrei (CF) is an active and densely populated caldera in Southern Italy, which has manifested signs of significant unrest in the last 50 years. Due to the high volcanic risk, monitoring networks of the most sensitive unrest indicators have been implemented and improved over time. Precious database constituted by geophysical and geochemical data allowed the study of the caldera unrest phases. In this paper we retrace the caldera history in the time span 2000-2020 by analyzing displacement, seismicity and geochemical time series in a unified framework. To this end, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was firstly applied only on geochemical data because of their compositional nature. The retrieved first three components were successively analyzed via PCA together with the geophysical and thermodynamical variables. Our results suggest that three independent processes relay on geochemical observations: a heating/pressurizing of the hydrothermal system, a process related to magmatic fluids injection at the hydrothermal system roots, and third process probably connected with a deeper magmatic dynamic. The actual volcano alert state seems mainly linked to the variation of the hydrothermal system activity. Our approach made it possible to explore the interrelation among observations of different nature highlighting the importance of the relative driving processes over time.50 5 - PublicationOpen AccessEfficiency analysis of social protection expenditure in the Italian RegionsThe attention and demand for greater social protection is increasing among the populations of all European countries. It is difficult to identify which of the structures and infrastructures, sectors and regional budgets are inefficient and/or negligent in respect of providing more social protection. In the political sphere the problem is examined from a qualitative point of view, because it is essential to have a valid decisional support system that provides useful information for structural and economic intervention programs devised to improve social protection. Regional spending on social protection is a fundamental component of individual well-being. This work is precisely aimed at assessing individual well-being in terms of technical expenses efficiency in the Italian Regions. Stochastic frontier analysis and a nonparametric deterministic model structure are the tools used to investigate the social protection determinants in the paper.
51 75 - PublicationRestrictedStatistical Approaches to Estimate Sectoral Economic AggregatesIn this paper we show the statistical methods that can be used to pass from the company to the whole domestic sector analysed, in order to estimate the impact on value of production, added value and fixed capital formation. An institutional unit is resident in a country when it has its center of predominant economic interest in the economic territory of that country; the units which constitute the economy of a country and whose flows and stocks are recorded in the ESA 2010 are those which are resident: we show statistical, fiscal and administrative sources that can be used to outline domestic economic performance of the main enterprises carrying out activity abroad and a methodology to separate national production from foreign activity, which is not useful for the estimation of national gross domestic product: Finally, an innovative procedure for the estimation of per-capita Italian value of production in Construction sector is outlined
70 3 - PublicationOpen AccessA statistical model for self-evaluation of teacher’s satisfaction: a study in an Italian secondary schoolJob Satisfaction is a set of favorable or unfavorable feelings and emotions linked to how employees view their work environment. If employees are not satisfied with their jobs, the overall progress of the entire system is affected. This paper reports on a study of teacher job satisfaction that examined a sample of 362 teachers. The study used a Common Assessment Framework & Education questionnaire to collect data, and a Structural Equation Model taking age, total years of service and gender into account was used to identify the factors that most influence Job Satisfaction. The results obtained from the Job Satisfaction model underline a significant difference between male and female teachers.
55 29 - PublicationOpen AccessGranger Causality Analysis of Geophysical, Geodetic and Geochemical Observations during Volcanic Unrest: A Case Study in the Campi Flegrei Caldera (Italy)(2020-05-15)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; The recent signs of reawakening at Campi Flegrei caldera (Southern Italy) received a great deal of attention due to the issues related to the volcanic risk management in a densely populated area. This paper explores relations between ground deformations, seismicity and geochemical time series in the time span 2004–2016. The aim is to unravel primary processes of unrest and the related indicators which may change in time. Data structure and interactions among variables were examined applying the clustering analysis, the correlations and the Granger causality test. The hierarchical agglomerative clustering detected two sub-periods which were further investigated. In both sub-period causal links were observed between variables while correlations did not appear and vice versa. Thus, well established formal approaches are required to study causal relations. Granger test results indicate that during 2004–2011 the awakening unrest could be mainly ascribed to hydrothermal system pressure fluctuations, probably induced by deep-rooted fluids injection, and that ground deformation together with CO2/H2O appears the most suitable geo-indicators. The 2011–2016 sub-period is characterized by enhanced dynamical connectivity. Granger test results suggest that the unrest is driven by a more localized and shallower thermohydromechanical engine. CO/CO2, He/CH4 and ground deformation velocity are mutually interacting appearing the most suitable geo-indicators.70 18 - PublicationOpen AccessA Perturbative Approach for Modeling Short‐Term Fluid‐Driven Ground Deformation Episodes on Volcanoes: A Case Study in the Campi Flegrei Caldera (Italy)(2019)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;; ; ; Ground deformation in volcanic areas is linked to various, often interconnected processes such as magma intrusion, pressurized fluid migration, and thermal expansion effects. The presence of active and extended hydrothermal systems plays a key role and affects the deformation phenomenon in complex ways. In this study, we propose a generalized conceptual and mathematical model, which allows retrieving the flow rate of fluid injection in a volcanic hydrothermal system, assuming a ground deformation data set as input. The basic assumption is that short‐term ground uplift episodes (with characteristic periods of less than 5 years) depend on the injection of volcanic fluids into the hydrothermal system. Then, assuming a deformation field shape independent of time and a linear time‐invariant relation between the amount of injected fluid and the resulting ground deformation, we define a Green's function as the product of spatial and temporal components. The case study is a 3‐D elastic model with permeability and porosity for the Campi Flegrei caldera, Italy. By Green's function, a 2‐km‐long source at 2.4‐km depth, which matches the interferometric synthetic aperture radar deformation, is localized and the amount of injected volcanic fluid in the last 20 years of high‐frequency deformation episodes estimated. In conclusion, we find a good agreement between the measured and estimated temporal deformation patterns and, principally, that fluid injection rates can be retrieved from the deformation field at volcanoes.209 41 - PublicationOpen AccessMultivariate approach to evaluate the relationship among geophysical and geochemical variables during an unrest period at Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy)(2019)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; Campi Flegrei (CF) is a caldera in Southern Italy, which has manifested signs of significant unrest in the last years. Indeed, during volcanic crises, the ground of Campi Flegrei caldera begin to grow steadily, the earthquake swarms become more common and strong variations in the chemical composition of fumaroles are observed. In the Campi Flegrei volcanic area there is a spread ground deformation monitoring network. In the years 1983-85 the bradiseism showed an increasing trend of ground uplift with a fairly fast velocity. In the following years (1986-2014) the phenomenon tends to decrease: the earthquakes number is near to zero, the vertical ground displacement decreases, the fumaroles modify the gas emissions, the soil temperature decreases. The main object of this study is to evaluate, by means of variables comparison, in a counterclockwise periods, the relationship among geochemical data of fumaroles, earthquakes and ground deformations, to discover which variables can be considered signals (geochemical indicator) of the bradyseismic events during an unrest period.190 20