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Kantzas, Euripides
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Kantzas, Euripides
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Kantzas, E P
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ORCID
5 results
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- PublicationOpen AccessRecent advances in ground-based ultraviolet remote sensing of volcanic SO2 fluxes(2011)
; ; ; ; ;Tamburello, G.; Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento DiSTeM, Palermo, Italy ;McGonigle, A. J. S.; University of Sheffield, Department of Geography, Sheffield, UK ;Kantzas, E. P.; University of Sheffield, Department of Geography, Sheffield, UK ;Aiuppa, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia; ; ; Measurements of volcanic SO2 emission rates have been the mainstay of remote-sensing volcanic gas geochemistry for almost four decades, and they have contributed significantly to our understanding of volcanic systems and their impact upon the atmosphere. The last ten years have brought stepchange improvements in the instrumentation applied to these observations, which began with the application of miniature ultraviolet spectrometers that were deployed in scanning and traverse configurations, with differential optical absorption spectroscopy evaluation routines. This study catalogs the more recent empirical developments, including: ultraviolet cameras; wideangle field-of-view differential optical absorption spectroscopy systems; advances in scanning operations, including tomography; and improved understanding of errors, in particular concerning radiative transfer. Furthermore, the outcomes of field deployments of sensors during the last decade are documented, with respect to improving our understanding of volcanic dynamics and degassing into the atmosphere.223 161 - PublicationRestrictedProtocols for UV camera volcanic SO2 measurementsUltraviolet camera technology offers considerable promise for enabling 1 Hz timescale acquisitions of volcanic degassing phenomena, providing two orders of magnitude improvements on sampling frequencies from conventionally applied scanning spectrometer systems. This could, for instance enable unprecedented insights into rapid processes, such as strombolian explosions, and non-aliased corroboration with volcano geophysical data. The uptake of this technology has involved disparate methodological approaches, hitherto. As a means of expediting the further proliferation of such systems, we here study these diverse protocols, with the aim of suggesting those we consider optimal. In particular we cover: choice and set up of hardware, calibration for vignetting and for absolute concentrations using quartz SO2 cells, the retrieval algorithm and whether one or two filters, or indeed cameras, are necessary. This work also involves direct intercomparisons with narrowband observations obtained with a scanning spectrometer system, employing a differential optical absorption spectroscopic evaluation routine, as a means of methodological validation.
42 2 - PublicationRestrictedUV camera measurements of fumarole field degassing (La Fossa crater, Vulcano Island)(2011)
; ; ; ; ; ;Tamburello, G.; Dipartimento di Chimica e Fisica della Terra ed Applicazioni (CFTA), University of Palermo, Italy ;Kantzas, E. P.; Department of Geography, University of Sheffield, UK ;McGonigle, A. J. S.; Department of Geography, University of Sheffield, UK ;Aiuppa, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;Giudice, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia; ; ; ; The UV camera is becoming an important new tool in the armory of volcano geochemists to derive high time resolution SO2 flux measurements. Furthermore, the high camera spatial resolution is particularly useful for exploring multiple-source SO2 gas emissions, for instance the composite fumarolic systems topping most quiescent volcanoes. Here, we report on the first SO2 flux measurements from individual fumaroles of the fumarolic field of La Fossa crater (Vulcano Island, Aeolian Island), which we performed using a UV camera in two field campaigns: in November 12, 2009 and February 4, 2010. We derived ~ 0.5 Hz SO2 flux time-series finding fluxes from individual fumaroles, ranging from 2 to 8.7 t d−1, with a total emission from the entire system of ~ 20 t d−1 and ~ 13 t d−1, in November 2009 and February 2010 respectively. These data were augmented with molar H2S/SO2, CO2/SO2 and H2O/SO2 ratios, measured using a portable MultiGAS analyzer, for the individual fumaroles. Using the SO2 flux data in tandem with the molar ratios, we calculated the flux of volcanic species from individual fumaroles, and the crater as a whole: CO2 (684 t d−1 and 293 t d−1), H2S (8 t d−1 and 7.5 t d−1) and H2O (580 t d−1 and 225 t d−1).174 33 - PublicationRestrictedPeriodic volcanic degassing behavior: The Mount Etna example(2013)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Tamburello, G.; DiSTeM, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy ;Aiuppa, A.; DiSTeM, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy ;McGonigle, A. J. S.; Department of Geography, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. ;Allard, P.; Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Paris, France. ;Cannata, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Catania, Catania, Italia ;Giudice, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;Kantzas, E. P.; Department of Geography, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. ;Pering, T. D.; Department of Geography, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.; ; ; ; ; ; ; In contrast to the seismic and infrasonic energy released from quiescent and erupting volcanoes, which have long been known to manifest episodes of highly periodic behavior, the spectral properties of volcanic gas flux time series remain poorly constrained, due to a previous lack of hightemporal resolution gas-sensing techniques. Here we report on SO2 flux measurements, performed on Mount Etna with a novel UV imaging technique of unprecedented sampling frequency (0.5 Hz), which reveal, for the first time, a rapid periodic structure in degassing from this target. These gas flux modulations have considerable temporal variability in their characteristics and involve two period bands: 40–250 and 500–1200 s. A notable correlation between gas flux fluctuations in the latter band and contemporaneous seismic root-mean-square values suggests that this degassing behavior may be generated by periodic bursting of rising gas bubble trains at the magma-air interface.172 22 - PublicationOpen AccessVulcamera: a program for measuring volcanic SO2 using UV cameras(2011)
; ; ; ; ;Tamburello, G.; Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento DiSTeM, Palermo, Italy ;Kantzas, E. P.; University of Sheffield, Department of Geography, Sheffield, UK ;McGonigle, A. J. S.; University of Sheffield, Department of Geography, Sheffield, UK ;Aiuppa, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia; ; ; We report here on Vulcamera, a stand-alone program for the determination of volcanic SO2 fluxes using ultraviolet cameras. The code enables field image acquisition and all the required post-processing operations.185 630