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Civile, Dario
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Civile, Dario
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Civile, D
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- PublicationRestrictedStructural analysis and Miocene-to-Present tectonic evolution of a lithospheric-scale, transcurrent lineament: The Sciacca Fault (Sicilian Channel, Central Mediterranean Sea)Seismo-stratigraphic and structural analysis of a large number of multichannel seismic reflection profiles acquired in the northern part of the Sicilian Channel allowed a 3-D reconstruction of a regional NS-trending transfer zone which displays a transcurrent tectonic regime, and that is of broad relevance for its seismotectonic and geodynamic implications. It is constituted of two major transcurrent faults delimiting a 30-km-wide, mostly undeformed basin. The western fault (Capo Granitola) does not show clear evidence of present-day tectonic activity, and toward the south it is connected with the volcanic area of the Graham Bank. The eastern fault (Sciacca) is structurally more complex, showing active deformation at the sea-floor, particularly evident along the Nerita Bank. The Sciacca Fault is constituted of a master and splay faults compatible with a right-lateral kinematics. Sciacca Fault is superimposed on an inherited weakness zone (a Mesozoic carbonate ramp), which borders to the east a 2.5-km-thick Plio-Quaternary basin, and that was reactivated during the Pliocene. A set of scaled claybox analogue models was carried out in order to better understand the tectonic processes that led to the structural setting displayed by seismic data. Tectonic structures and uplift/subsidence patterns generated by the models are compatible with the 3-D model obtained from seismic reflection profiles. The best fit between the tectonic setting deriving from the interpretation of seismic profiles and the analogue models was obtained considering a right-lateral movement for the Sciacca Fault. Nevertheless, the stress field in the study area derived from GPS measurements does not support the present-day modelled right-lateral kinematics along the Sciacca Fault. Moreover, seismic events along this fault show focal mechanisms with a left-lateral component. We ascribe the slip change along the Sciacca Fault, from a right-lateral transcurrent regime to the present-day left-lateral kinematics to a change of principal horizontal stress direction starting from Late Pliocene.
61 1 - PublicationRestrictedRelationships between magmatism and tectonics in a continental rift: The Pantelleria Island region (Sicily Channel, Italy)(2008)
; ; ; ; ; ;Civile, D.; Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e Geofisica Sperimentale (OGS), Trieste, Italy ;Lodolo, E.; Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e Geofisica Sperimentale (OGS), Trieste, Italy ;Tortorici, L.; Dipartimento di Scienze Geologiche, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy ;Lanzafame, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Catania, Catania, Italia ;Brancolini, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e Geofisica Sperimentale (OGS), Trieste, Italy; ; ; ; Field geological data of the Pantelleria Island, a large Late Quaternary volcano located in the Sicily Channel rift zone, integrated with offshore geophysical information, are used to derive the structural setting of the Island and the surrounding region, and to analyse the relationships between tectonics and magmatism. Field work shows that the principal faults exposed on the Island fall into two systems trending NNE–SSW and NW–SE. Mapped faults from offshore multichannel seismic profiles show similar trends, and some of them represent the offshore extension of the Pantelleria Island structures. The NW–SE faults bound the Pantelleria Graben, one of the three main depressions formed since the Late Miocene–Early Pliocene within the African continental platform, which compose the Sicily Channel rift zone. A 3-D Moho depth geometry, derived from inversion of Bouguer gravity data, shows a significant uplift of the discontinuity up to 16–17 km beneath the westernmost part of the Pantelleria Graben and beneath the Pantelleria Island; it lows rapidly to 24–25 km away from the graben northeastward and south-westward. The Moho uplift could explain the presence of a shallow magma chamber in the southern part of the Island, where processes of magmatic differentiation are documented. Geological and geophysical data suggest that the northwestern part of the Sicily Channel is presently dominated by a roughly E–W directed extensional regime. Crustal cracking feeding the Quaternary volcanism could be also related to this extensional field that would be further responsible for the development of the N–S trending volcanic belt that extends in the Sicily Channel from Lampedusa Island to the Graham Bank. This mode of deformation is confirmed also by geodetic data. This implies that in the northwestern part of the Sicily Channel, the E–W extension replaced the NE–SW crustal stretching that originated the NW-trending tectonic depressions constituting the rift zone. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.358 49 - PublicationOpen AccessNew evidence of active transtensional deformation in apulia foreland (n-ionian sea).(2018-09-02)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; The response of continental forelands to subduction and oblique collision is a widely investigated topic in geodynamics. The deformation occurring within a foreland shared by two opposite-verging chains, however, is not very common and poorly understood. The Apulia block, at the southern end of the Adria microplate, Central Mediterranean, represents one of these latter cases, being the common foreland of the Dinarides and Apennines orogens. In its southern part, the Apulian foreland has preserved the Mesozoic paleomargin at the transition with the old oceanic Ionian crust that conversely underwent subduction under the Calabrian and Hellenic arcs. For these reasons, Apulia represents an interesting and rare case of study where double orogens and subduction have interacted with the foreland block. As described by various authors, the almost symmetrical bending of the Apulia foreland due the opposite load of the adjacent chains, produced a system of NW-SE trending normal faults. The precise age and the role of these faults have not been yet determined due to the lack of available information. In this contribution we investigated the internal deformation of the Apulia foreland using geophysical data at various resolutions and scales over a wide area. We used multichannel seismic profiles, part of which are provided in the collaborative framework between Spectrum Geo and INGV, recorded up to 12 s and provide a consistent imaging of the upper crustal setting of the Apulia foreland. High-resolution multichannel seismic profiles, multibeam high-resolution bathymetry and CHIRP profiles recently acquired by R/V OGS Explora provide constraints on the recent activity of the major fault systems identified. The analysis of this multiscale dataset highlights the presence and the role of a major NW-SE oriented active fault system which obliquely cuts the Apulia foreland. The presence of this fault system has already been hypothesized based on sparse seismic profiles, but its lateral continuity has never been documented. From the seismic viewpoint, this structure lies in a relatively silent area. Nonetheless, it hosts the 1743 Southern Apulia Mw 6.8 earthquake which widely damaged the Salento (S-Italy) and Ionian Islands (Greece) regions and whose source is still a matter of debate. This new geophysical dataset allowed us to reconstruct the 3D geometry of this fault system, whose architecture suggests a transtensive kinematics, and to analyse the syn-tectonic basins associated with the major faults which recorded the Late Quaternary to Holocene deformation. This work is being developed in the frame of the project “FASTMIT”, funded by the Italian Ministry of University and Research.132 34 - PublicationOpen AccessActive Extension in a Foreland Trapped Between Two Contractional Chains: The South Apulia Fault System (SAFS)(2020-06-11)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; The response of continental forelands to subduction and collision is a widely investigated topic in geodynamics. The deformation occurring within a foreland shared by two opposite‐verging chains, however, is uncommon and poorly understood. The Apulia Swell in the southern end of the Adria microplate (Africa‐Europe plate boundary, central Mediterranean Sea) represents one of these cases, as it is the common foreland of the SW verging Albanides‐Hellenides and the NE verging Southern Apennines merging into the SSE verging Calabrian Arc. We investigated the internal deformation of the Apulia Swell using multiscale geophysical data: multichannel seismic profiles recording up to 12‐s two‐way time (TWT) for a consistent image of the upper crust; high‐resolution multichannel seismic profiles, high‐resolution multibeam bathymetry, and CHIRP profiles acquired by R/V OGS Explora to constrain the Quaternary geological record. The results of our analyses characterize the geometry of the South Apulia Fault System (SAFS), a 100‐km‐long and 12‐km‐wide structure attesting an extensional (and possibly transtensional) response of the foreland to the two contractional fronts. The SAFS consists of two NW‐SE right‐stepping master faults and several secondary structures. The SAFS activity spans from the Early Pleistocene through the Holocene, as testified by the bathymetric and high‐resolution seismic data, with long‐term slip rates in the range of 0.2–0.4 mm/yr. Considering the position within an area with few or none other active faults in the surroundings, the dimension, and the activity rates, the SAFS can be a candidate causative fault of the 20 February 1743, M 6.7, earthquake.709 37 - PublicationOpen AccessPalaeo-Shoreline Configuration of the Adventure Plateau (Sicilian Channel) at the Last Glacial Maximum(2022)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; The Adventure Plateau, located in the NW sector of the Sicilian Channel, experienced several episodes of exposure/erosion and subsequent drowning, with the most recent occurring after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Unlike other parts of the Sicilian Channel, the Adventure Plateau is relatively tectonically stable and is therefore best suitable for reconstructing its coastal configuration before the post-LGM marine transgression. Here, we use high-resolution seismic data to identify and map the palaeo-coastline at the LGM on the basis of the internal architecture of the prograding wedges (i.e., the location of the subaqueous clinoform rollover point) and the erosional markers such as the subaerial unconformities and the wave ravinement surfaces. These data, which show an extreme variability in the palaeo-morphology of the coastal margins of the Adventure Plateau, have been complemented with vintage seismic profiles in order to entirely cover its perimeter. The mapped LGM coastline has then been compared to predictions from glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) modeling, which considers the horizontal migration of the shorelines in response to sea level rise and to Earth’s rotational and deformational effects associated with deglaciation. The two shorelines (i.e., the coastline derived from the marine data interpretation and the one derived from the GIA model) are in good agreement at 21 kyears BP, although some discrepancies occur in the southern part of the plateau, where the seabed slope is extremely gentle, which makes the clinoform rollover points and the buried erosional unconformities difficult to detect. After 20 kyears BP, an acceleration in the rate of the sea level rise occurred. The results of this study indicate the importance of comparing experimental data with model predictions in order to refine and calibrate boundary parameters and to gain a better picture of the evolution of sea level rise over various time scales. View Full-Text85 16