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Toro, Beniamino
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Toro, Beniamino
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- PublicationOpen AccessShallow structure of the Colli Albani Volcanic District from gravity measurementsThe Colli Albani is a quiescent Volcanic District, located almost 20 km southeast of Rome (Italy). A gravity investigation was carried out in the volcanic area based on a dataset recently enlarged with new measurements, more than 900 new prospecting gravity stations. These cover totally the volcanic area and fill some other important spatial gaps in previous surveys. Besides the new Bouguer gravity map of the Colli Albani, we also present the results of some 2.5D selected profiles and a 3D inverse modeling, carried out by using constraints from deep well exploration and integrated with previous data. The gravity anomalies have been computed according to the 1980 geodetic reference system; a density value of 2300 kg/m3 has been used in the computation of the Bouguer and terrain effects. The Bouguer anomaly map shows positive values ranging from +12 to +36 mGal. 3D gravity modelling reveals the previously unknown geometry of the dense substratum of the Vulcano Laziale and evidences the presence of a collapsed structure beneath the caldera filled up with low density material. A complex system of faults surrounds the volcanic area. Many tectonic lineaments with prevalent Apennine and anti-Apennine directions can be singled out; some of these are quite coincident with the volcanic fault lines.
102 84 - PublicationRestrictedInterpretazione integrata archeometrica e archeologica delle prospezioni geofisiche (2001-2004).(Ante Quem, 2007)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; Vengono mostrati i risultati geofisici congiunti di due prospezioni geofisiche, microgravimetrica e gpr, effettuate nell'Insula del Centenario negli scavi archeologici di Pompei. Inoltre sono riportati i risultati ottenuti dagli scavi archeologici effettuati in corrispondenza delle anomalie individuati dalle due prospezioni, confermando i target archeologici individuati nel sottosuolo.87 9 - PublicationOpen AccessLa depressione di “Il Laghetto” (Roma), ipotesi genetiche dai risultati da un rilievo gravimetrico.(2003-11)
; ; ; ; ; ;; ; ;Scopo di questo lavoro è lo studio di una depressione morfologica presente in località Laghetto (Roma) che ha subito una notevole antropizzazione negli ultimi venti anni.46 26 - PublicationOpen AccessGravity monitoring of Nisyros Volcano (Greece): 2001-2004 preliminary results.The island of Nisyros is a stratovolcano at the eastern end of the Hellenic island arc. This arc of volcanoes is related to the northward subduction of the African plate beneath the Aegean microplate. The eastern sector of the arc, including the islands of Kos, Yiali and Nisyros seems to be geodynamically very active since it comprises the largest volumes of volcanic products and is at present a region of high tectonic unrest. The island of Nisyros is almost circular, with an average diameter of 8 km, and covers an area of approximately 42 km2. It lies above a basement of Mesozoic limestone and the volcanic edifice of Nisyros comprises a succession of calc-alkaline lavas and pyroclastic rocks, with a summit caldera of an average diameter of 4 km. In June 2001, a microgravity network was installed on the Nysyros island, with the aim to monitor gravity variations and report changes, if any, in elevation and/or density induced by geodynamic activity. Topographic monitoring of gravity benchmarks based on a differential-mode, dual-frequency GPS, started in 2002. The sites were selected in parts of the island experiencing different seismic-tectonic processes, in order to detect their relative movements. In June 2002, monitoring measurements by the microgravity network was repeated for the first time. The comparison of the resulting values with those recorded in 2001 showed a maximum variation of +0.034 mGal in the active volcanic area, with an increasing trend towards South. In 2003 and 2004, the monitoring measurements was repeated again. The resulting G variations were comparable to those observed in 2001-2002. However, with the installation of a new station in 2002, the G variations proved to be confined to the most active volcanic areas. The extent of the variations recorded between 2001 and 2004 largely exceeded the measuring errors, suggesting that such variations are to be ascribed to mass variations of the volcanic complex.
37 14 - PublicationOpen AccessGravity changes and ground deformation on the island of Nisyros Volcano (Greece) for the period 2001-2006A long-term gravity and elevation changes time series (2001-2006) at the restless caldera of Nisyros in Greece is here reported. After a period of intense seismic activity (1995-1998), associated with an increase of fumarolic activity and ground deformation of Nisyros volcano which no any eruption occurred, and then a gravity network was settled in June 2001 and re-occupied annually up to 2004 and in June 2006. Discrete gravity measurements have been carried out at located benchmarks surrounding Nisyros island in proximity to hydrotermal area within the caldera floor and taking into account the effect of the vertical ground movements in order to quantify gravity changes of the volcano. A general positive observed gravity change was determined at all stations of the network inside caldera rim. In the same time, a temporal and spatial evolution of the gravity changes was found between 2001 and 2004: it was observed a steady-rise in gravity variations between 2001-2003, obtaining maximum positive gravity variations up to +60 Gal confined in the caldera floor area at the base of the presently active crater, where the most fumarolic activity is concentrated; in contrast a spatial distribution of gravity changes is recorded during 2003-2004 and the maximum positive gravity variations are confined in the caldera rim near Nikia village. In this way residual gravity changes were obtained and applications of Gausss theorem to the study of the excess mass recorded during 2001-2006 is explored. During recent unrest period magma replenishment genereted a great quantity of steam hot hydrothermal fluids which is released towards the surface underneath the southeastern part of the caldera floor. The gravity changes might be attributed to the migration of fluids probably occurring through pre-existing faults.
43 20 - PublicationOpen AccessMicrogravity and GPS monitoring for the volcanic hazard. The 2001-2004 results in the case-history of Nisyros Volcano (Dodecannese archipelagos, Greece).(2005)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; The island of Nisyros is located in the eastern edge of the Aegean Sea, in the Dodecanese archipelagos, together with the little islands of Strogyli, Pahia, Pyrgousa and Yali. Nisyros is the youngest and eastern of the major Aegean active volcanic centres aligned along the volcanic arc composed also by the Methana Peninsula, Milos and Santorini islands. The pattern of the volcanic centres along this tectonic zone is according to the movements of the African lithospheric plate subducting under the Aegean Sea and with the clusters of distribution of the seismic epicentres. The speed rate of this movement is estimated in 4-5 cm/year, The stratovulcano of Nisyros is spread out for an emerged area of approximately 42 km2, and its diameter reaches an average of 8Km, determining an almost circular shape of the island. It lies above a basement of Mesozoic limestone and a thinned crust, with the Moho discontinuity located at a depth of approximately 27 km. The stratigraphy of this volcano is composed of a succession of calc-alkaline lavas and pyroclastic rocks, with a caldera of an average diameter of 4 km. The island has a persistent, albeit mild and latent, volcanic activity. The last hydrothermal explosive activity has been recorded along Lakki plain, the last one dated in 1887 when the crater of Mikros Polyvotis was created. In June 2001, a microgravity network was installed on the Nisyros volcano, with the aim to put in evidence any gravity variations and if any reporting changes in density values, would have correlated by geodynamic activity of area. In order to detect the relative movements due to different seismic-tectonic processes, some benchmarks were materialized. A GPS differential-mode topographic survey over these gravity benchmarks started in 2002 and the Microgravity and GPS measurements were repeated in the follow years. GPS finding and gravity variation data, could be suggest a mass movements in that areas of Nisyros volcano were is more evidence the recent volcanic activity. These phenomena could be indicated as possible first precursors of a new volcanic activity. Combined data between geochemical analysis and gravity and GPS data will be really important to know better the presence of a new uplift phase and if the network established will be able to give always accuracy and representative data in the future to value the volcanic hazard of Nisyros island.68 80 - PublicationRestrictedGeophysical research on Via Appia: the so-called “Monte di Terra” funeral monument(Institute of Technologies Applied to Cultural Heritage CNR, 2005-07)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; This paper presents the results of microgravity, GPR and ERT surveys on a Roman tumulus (prince's grave) along Via Appia Antica, Rome Italy. The aim of the project is to investigate the application of different geophysical methods for identifying anomalies of potential archaeological significance below an uneven surface.111 9 - PublicationRestrictedGrotta Antica. Primi dati sul complesso archeologico.(Univeristà degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo, 2010)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;; ; ;; ; ;Vengono mostrati i risultati di un rilievo integrato geofisico (microgravimetrico e sismico) per l'identificazione ed estensione di una cavità carsica. Successivamente è stato eseguito un rilievo speleologico ed archeologico.110 17 - PublicationOpen AccessAspetti geofisici ed evoluzione ambientale dell'area portuale di Terracina (LT)(2008)
; ; ; ; ;; ; ; ; ; ;Nell'ambito del progetto "MERCATOR" è stata effettuata una prospezione microgravimetrica, nel territorio di Terracina (LT), nella zona del porto-canale dell'attuale centro abitato e nelle immediate vicinanze, al fine di individuare le infrastrutture di epoca antica legate alla viabilità marittima dell'area portuale.96 132 - PublicationOpen AccessNew gravity interpretations in the northern and eastern side of the Colli Albani Volcanic District: first resultsThe Colli Albani is a quiescent Volcanic District, located almost 20 Km southeast of Rome. It has been active since at least 600 ka and it belongs to the potassic and ultrapotassic Roman Magmatic Province, a northwest-trending chain of volcanoes that developed along the Tyrrhenian Sea Margin of Italy during middle and late Pleistocene time. The Albano maar (< 70 ka) represents the most recent activity of the hydromagmatic phase and cannot be considered extinguished yet. First Gravimetric map of Colli Albani Volcanic District was made by the Italian Geological Service from the 1:100,000 Gravimetric Map of Italy (Maino et al., 1969) and later some new gravity interpretations were performed by Di Filippo & Toro (1980, 1995). This paper gives preliminary gravity results in the northen and eastern side of the Volcanic District in order to obtain a detailed gravity map of Colli Albani Volcanic District. A broad area N of lake Albano (Rome, Ciampino-Marino) is the most one strongly characterized by the occurence of geochimical manifestation of a still-active subvolcanic system which are hazardous factors for the resident population. In eastern side of the volcano the previous studies showed that some areas are completely missing gravity stations. In this study the mesh interval between each gravity station are 500 m2 on average; in the previous was 2 km2 on average. A new Residual anomaly map has been prepared by substracting the first order Regional Field from Bouguer anomalies. The Residual anomaly map is very detailed and represents the most suitable picture for understanding the structure of the prevolcanic substratum. Residual anomaly map shows a maximium gravity value of Ciampino High, spatially continuous along the major NW-SE axis, corresponds to where the high distribution of radon and CO2 was observed. Another maximum value is located in the southern part of the Ciampino High relative to Rocca di Papa, where the second activity of the volcano took place.A minimum region gravity is located in the eastern part of the Ciampino High. The map shows faults obtained by gravity interpretations. The superficial geological data, the drill log data, and metamorphic xenoliths from the eruption of Colli Albani (Funiciello & Parotto, 1978) and gravity data have been analyzed all together in order to know sub-surface structure of this area and make a bi-dimensional gravity model. In order to define the heterogeneity of the lithotypes some sections have been prepared by gravity model.
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