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Bozionelos, George
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Bozionelos, George
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- PublicationRestrictedCoseismic deformation, field observations and seismic fault of the 17 November 2015M=6.5, Lefkada Island, Greece earthquakeOn November 17, 2015 07:10:07 UTC a strong, shallow Mw6.5 earthquake, occurred on the island of Lefkada along a strike-slip fault with right-lateral sense of slip. The event triggered widespread environmental effects at the south and western part of the island while, the intensity and severity of these earthquake-induced deformations is substantially decreased towards the eastern part of the island. Relocation of seismicity and inversion of geophysical (GPS, InSAR) data indicate that the seismic fault runs parallel to the west coast of Lefkada, along the Aegean – Apulia plate boundary. The fault plane strikes N20 ± 5°E and dips to east with an angle of about 70 ± 5°. Coseismic deformation was measured in the order of tens of centimeters of horizontal motion by continuous GPS stations of NOANET (the NOA GPS network) and by InSAR (Sentinel 1 A image pairs). A coseismic uniform-slip model was produced from inversion of InSAR data and permanent GPS stations. The earthquake measured Mw = 6.5 using both the geodetic moment produced by the slip model, as well as the PGD relation of Melgar et al. (2015, GRL). In the field we observed no significant vertical motion of the shoreline or surface expression of faulting, this is consistent with the predictions of the model. The interferograms show a large decorrelation area that extends almost along all the western coast of Lefkada. This area correlates well with the mapped landslides. The 2003–2015 pattern of seismicity in the Ionian Sea region indicates the existence of a 15-km seismic gap offshore NW Cephalonia.
281 3 - PublicationRestrictedShallow high-resolution geophysical investigation along the western segment of the Victoria Lines Fault (island of Malta)(2018)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; The Victoria Lines Fault (island of Malta) is a >15 km-long and N260°-striking segmented normal fault-system, which is probably inactive since the late Pliocene. In the westernmost part, the Fomm Ir-Rih segment displays comparable geologic throw and escarpment height (~150–170 m), moreover its hangingwall hosts thin patches of Middle Pleistocene clastic continental deposits (red beds), which are poorly preserved elsewhere. We acquired two seismic transects, by collecting ambient vibration recordings, processed by using horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios, complemented by one high-resolution 2-D refraction tomography survey crossing this fault where it is locally covered by red beds and recent colluvial deposits. We found a resonance peak at ~1.0 Hz in the hangingwall block, whereas clear peaks in the range ~5.0–10.0 Hz appear when approaching the subsurface fault, and we relate them to the fractured bedrock within the fault zone. The best-fit tomographic model shows a relatively high-Vp shallow body (Vp 2200–2400 m/s) that we relate to the weathered top of the Miocene Upper Coralline Limestone Fm., bounded on both sides by low-Vp regions (<1400 m/s). The latter are the smeared images of steep fault zones. Tomography further reveals a thick (~15–20 m) low-Vp (<1000 m/s) zone, which could be a syn-tectonic wedge of colluvial deposits developed in the downthrown block. Surface waves analysis indicates lateral changes of the average shallow shear wave velocity, with Vs ~130 m/s within the inferred fault zone, and Vs >230 m/s above the weathered top-bedrock. Our results depict a clear seismic signature of the Victoria Lines Fault, characterized by low seismic velocity and high amplification of ground motion. We hypothesize that, during the Middle Pleistocene, faulting may have affected the basal part of the red beds, so that this part of the investigated complex fault-system may be considered inactive since ~0.6 Myr ago.199 3 - PublicationOpen AccessThe 2018 Mw 6.8 zakynthos (Ionian Sea, Greece) Earthquake: Seismic source and local tsunami characterization(2020)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; We investigated the kinematic rupture model of the 2018 Mw 6.8 Zakynthos, Ionian Sea (Greece), earthquake by using a non-linear joint inversion of strong motion data, high-rate GPS time series, and static co-seismic GPS displacements. We also tested inversion results against tide-gauge recordings of the small tsunami generated in the Ionian Sea. In order to constrain the fault geometry, we performed several preliminary kinematic inversions by assuming the parameter values resulting from different published moment tensor solutions. The lowest cost function values were obtained by using the geometry derived from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) focal solution. Between the two conjugate USGS planes, the rupture model which better fits the data is the one with the N9° E-striking 39°-ESE-dipping plane. The rupture history of this model is characterized by a bi-lateral propagation, featuring two asperities; a main slip patch extending between 14 and 28 km in depth, 9 km northeast from the nucleation and a slightly shallower small patch located 27 km southwest from the nucleation. The maximum energy release occurs between 8 s and 12 s, when both patches are breaking simultaneously. The maximum slip is 1.8 m and the total seismic moment is 2.4 × 1019 Nm, corresponding to a Mw value of 6.8. The slip angle shows a dominant right-lateral strike-slip mechanism, with a minor reverse component that increases on the deeper region of the fault. This result, in addition to the observed possibility of similar mechanisms for previous earthquakes occurred in 1959 and 1997, suggests that the tectonic deformation between the Cephalonia Transform Fault Zone and the northern tip of the Hellenic Arc Subduction zone may be accommodated by prevailing right lateral low-dipping faults, occurring on re-activated structures previously experiencing (until Pliocene) compressional regime. Comparison of predicted and observed tsunami data suggests the need of a better characterisation of local harbour response for this type of relatively short-wavelength events, which is important in the context of tsunami early warning. However, the suggested dominantly strike-slip character would in turn imply a reduced tsunami hazard as compared to a dominant thrust faulting regime from this source region.694 104