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Di Canzio, E.
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Di Canzio, E.
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- PublicationRestrictedThe Campanian Ignimbrite and Codola tephra layers: Two temporal/stratigraphic markers for the Early Upper Palaeolithic in southern Italy and eastern Europe(2008)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Giaccio, B.; Istituto di Geologia ambientale e Geoingegneria, CNR, Via Bolognola 7, 00138 Rome, Italy ;Isaia, R.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Fedele, F. G.; Laboratorio di Antropologia, Dipartimento delle Scienze biologiche, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Naples, Italy ;Di Canzio, E.; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy ;Hoffecker, J.; Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA ;Ronchitelli, A.; Dipartimento di Archeologia e Storia delle Arti, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy ;Sinitsyn, A. A.; Institute of the History of Material Culture, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petersburg, Russia ;Anikovich, M.; Institute of the History of Material Culture, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petersburg, Russia ;Lisitsyn, S.; Institute of the History of Material Culture, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petersburg, Russia ;Popov, V. V.; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; Tephra layers from archaeological sites in southern Italy and eastern Europe stratigraphically associated with cultural levels containing Early Upper Palaeolithic industry were analysed. The results confirm the occurrence of the Campanian Ignimbrite tephra (CI; ca. 40 cal ka BP) at Castelcivita Cave (southern Italy), Temnata Cave (Bulgaria) and in the Kostenki–Borshchevo area of the Russian Plain. This tephra, originated from the largest eruption of the Phlegrean Field caldera, represents the widest volcanic deposit and one of the most important temporal/stratigraphic markers of western Eurasia. At Paglicci Cave and lesser sites in the Apulia region we recognise a chemically and texturally different tephra, which lithologically, chronologically and chemically matches the physical and chemical characteristics of the Plinian eruption of Codola; a poorly known Late Pleistocene explosive event from the Neapolitan volcanoes, likely Somma–Vesuvius. For this latter, we propose a preliminary age estimate of ca. 33 cal ka BP and a correlation to the widespread C-10 marine tephra of the central Mediterranean. The stratigraphic position of both CI and Codola tephra layers at Castelcivita and Paglicci help date the first and the last documented appearance of Early Upper Palaeolithic industries of southern Italy to ca. 41–40 and 33 cal ka BP, respectively, or between two interstadial oscillations of the Monticchio pollen record – to which the CI and Codola tephras are physically correlated – corresponding to the Greenland interstadials 10–9 and 5. In eastern Europe, the stratigraphic and chronometric data seem to indicate an earlier appearance of the Early Upper Palaeolithic industries, which would predate of two millennia at least the overlying CI tephra. The tephrostratigraphic correlation indicates that in both regions the innovations connected with the so-called Early Upper Palaeolithic – encompassing subsistence strategy and stone tool technology – appeared and evolved during one of the most unstable climatic phases of the Last Glacial period. On this basis, the marked environmental unpredictability characterising this time-span is seen as a potential ecological factor involved in the cultural changes observed.296 68 - PublicationRestrictedMiddle Pleistocene vertebrate-bearing fluvial deposits of the Ceriti Mts area, Latium coast (central Italy)(2006-06)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Mancini, M.; CNR, Istituto di Geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria ;Palombo, M. R.; Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra ;Petronio, C.; Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra ;Sardella, R.; Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra ;Bedetti, C.; Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra ;Bellucci, L.; Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra ;Di Canzio, E.; Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra ;Giovinazzo, C.; Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra ;Petrucci, M.; Università degli Studi di Torino ;Trucco, F.; Soprintendenza Archeologica per l'Etruria meridionale; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; It is here presented a Middle Pleistocene fossiliferous site, the Cerveteri Monte Li Pozzi (CMLP) site, located in the Ceriti Mts area, within the wider Roman Basin (Latium coast, central Italy). The outcropping succession is, from base to top, composed of terrigenous and carbonate fluvial deposits, travertines and ~ 410 ka old pyroclastites. The fluvial deposits form an aggradational river terrace, belong to an ancient risen alluvial-coastal plain and sedimented close to the palaeocoast. Two fossiliferous levels have been discovered inside: the lower level, where Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) antiquus and Axis sp. ? A. eurygonos were found; the upper level with E. antiquus, Stephanorhinus cf. S. hundsheimensis, Dama cf. D. clactoniana, Arvicola mosbachensis, Testudo sp.. The faunal assemblage as a whole indicates the middle-late Galerian Mammal Age, approximately 600-500 ka, and may be correlated with the MIS 15 or MIS 13. This fossil assemblage is the first discovery of Galerian fauna in the Ceriti Mts area and thus represents a new Local Fauna. On the basis of lithostratigraphic, biochronologic and elevation data, it is possible to estimate an approximately 0.26 mm/a uplift rate in the Ceriti Mts basin.200 27 - PublicationRestrictedHuman peopling of Italian intramontane basins: The early Middle Pleistocene site of Pagliare di Sassa (L’Aquila, central Italy)(2010)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Palombo, M. R.; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Universita` di Roma ‘‘La Sapienza’’, Roma, Italy ;Mussi, M.; Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Antichita`, Universita` di Roma ‘‘La Sapienza’’, Roma, Italy ;Agostini, S.; Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici dell’Abruzzo, Chieti, Italy ;Barbieri, M.; CNR, Istituto di Geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria, Roma, Italy ;Di Canzio, E.; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Universita` di Roma ‘‘La Sapienza’’, Roma, Italy ;Di Rita, F.; Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale, Universita` di Roma ‘‘La Sapienza’’, Roma, Italy ;Fiore, I.; Via San Rocco, Fiuggi (FR), Italy ;Iacumin, P.; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Universita` degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy ;Magri, D.; Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale, Universita` di Roma ‘‘La Sapienza’’, Roma, Italy ;Speranza, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Tagliacozzo, A.; Museo Nazionale Preistorico-Etnografico ‘‘Luigi Pigorini’’, Roma, Italy; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; Multidisciplinary investigations at Pagliare di Sassa (L’Aquila, central Italy) suggest that the local succession accumulated from the late Early to the early Middle Pleistocene in a lacustrine environment. In the upper part, clastic sediments are part of an alluvial fan prograding into the lake, grading to a braided fluvial system. The pollen record confirms that a significant glacial phase occurred just before the onset of the Jaramillo inversion. These data, coupled with evidence from the nearby but earlier Madonna della Strada sequence, allow reconstruction of part of the environmental evolution of L’Aquila basin before the Jaramillo Subchron. The mammal species of Pagliare di Sassa include Stephanorhinus hundsheimensis, mostly of open environments, already present at Madonna della Strada. The faunal turnover characterizing the Early to Middle Pleistocene transition is indicated by the appearances of taxa typical of the Italian early to middle Galerian faunas, such as Praemegaceros verticornis, together with Megaloceros savini. The occurrence of Mimomys savini together with Microtus ex gr. Microtus hintonigregaloides suggests that this assemblage is earlier than the Isernia La Pineta fauna. A flint implement and a fragmentary herbivore femur with impact scars probably linked to human activity give evidence of the human peopling of intramontane basins of the Apennine chain since the early Middle Pleistocene.169 31