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Durieux, J.
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- PublicationRestrictedCooperation on Congo Volcanic and Environmental Risks(2007-04-17)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Tedesco, D.; Università di Napoli ;Badiali, L.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia ;Boschi, E.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione AC, Roma, Italia ;Papale, P.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Pisa, Pisa, Italia ;Tassi, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Pisa, Pisa, Italia ;Vaselli, O.; 0 ;Kaserka, C.; Goma Observatory ;Durieux, J.; Goma Observatory ;De Natale, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Amato, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia ;Cattaneo, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia ;Ciraba, H.; Goma Observatory ;Chirico, G. D.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Pisa, Pisa, Italia ;Delladio, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia ;DeMartin, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia ;Favalli, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Pisa, Pisa, Italia ;Franceschi, D.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Pisa, Pisa, Italia ;Lauciani, V.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia ;Mavonca, G.; Goma Observatory ;Monachesi, G. ;Pagliuca, N. M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Sorrentino, D.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Yalire, M.; Goma Observatory; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;; ; On 17 January 2002, the Nyiragongo volcano (1.52°S, 29.25°E, 3469 meters above sea level), located about 18 kilometers north of Lake Kivu in the Democratic Republic of Congo, erupted, releasing a volume of 14-34 million cubic meters of lava. Lava flows originated from north-south oriented fractures that rapidly developed along the southern flank of the volcano. Two lava flows divided the nearby city of Goma (~500,000 people) into two parts, forcing a rapid exodus of the population into Rwanda. One of these lava flows ran into Lake Kivu, encroaching 60 meters below lake level with a submerged lava volume of 1 million cubic meters. About 15% of the town was directly affected, leaving approximately 120,000 people homeless. At least 170 people died as a direct consequence of the eruption667 37 - PublicationRestrictedJanuary 2002 volcano-tectonic eruption of Nyiragongo volcano, Democratic Republic of Congo(2007-09-18)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Tedesco, D.; Department of Environmental Sciences, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy - Institute of Environmental Geology and Geo-Engineering, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy ;Vaselli, O.; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy - Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Florence, Italy ;Papale, P.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Pisa, Pisa, Italia ;Carn, S. A.; Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA ;Voltaggio, M.; Institute of Environmental Geology and Geo-Engineering, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy ;Sawyer, G. M.; Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ;Durieux, J.; Goma Volcano Observatory, Mount Goma, Goma, Democratic Republic of Congo ;Kasereka, M.; Goma Volcano Observatory, Mount Goma, Goma, Democratic Republic of Congo ;Tassi, F.; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; In January 2002, Nyiragongo volcano erupted 14–34 × 106 m3 of lava from fractures on its southern flanks. The nearby city of Goma was inundated by two lava flows, which caused substantial socioeconomic disruption and forced the mass exodus of the population, leaving nearly 120,000 people homeless. Field observations showed marked differences between the lava erupted from the northern portion of the fracture system and that later erupted from the southern part. These observations are confirmed by new 238U and 232Th series radioactive disequilibria data, which show the presence of three different phases during the eruption. The lavas first erupted (T1) were probably supplied by a residual magma batch from the lava lake activity during 1994–1995. These lavas were followed by a fresh batch erupted from fissure vents as well as later (May–June 2002) from the central crater (T2). Both lava batches reached the surface via the volcano's central plumbing system, even though a separate flank reservoir may also have been involved in addition to the main reservoir. The final phase (T3) is related to an independent magmatic reservoir located much closer (or even beneath) the city of Goma. Data from the January 2002 eruption, and for similar activity in January 1977, suggest that the eruptive style of the volcano is likely to change in the future, trending toward more common occurrence of flank eruptions. If so, this would pose a significant escalation of volcanic hazards facing Goma and environs, thus requiring the implementation of different volcano-monitoring strategies to better anticipate where and when future eruptions might take place.310 27 - PublicationOpen AccessThe monitoring of seismic activity at Nyiragongo volcano through telemetered seismic network Goma Volcano Observatory (Democratic Republic of the Congo)(2007-11-19)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Pagliuca, N. M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Badiali, L.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia ;Cattaneo, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia ;Ciraba, H.; Goma Volcano Observatory ;Demartin, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia ;Durieux, J.; Goma Volcano Observatory ;Lukaya, F.; Goma Volcano Observatory ;Lisi, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Marzocchi, W.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Mavonga, G.; Goma Volcano Observatory ;Garcia, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Sgroi, T.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Tedesco, D.; Università II Napoli; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;d'Oreye de Lantremange, Nicolas; Dept. of Geophysics/Astrophysics - Grand Duchy of LuxembourgThe eruption, in January 2002, of Mount Nyiragongo in eastern Congo, and the humanitarian disaster that followed in its wake, underlined the critical importance of accurate seismology to predict when such events will take place. Thus, a seismic telemeterd network, with centre in Goma Observatory, was built across Virunga area to help the moniotring of Volcano. Mount Nyiragongo is a volcano in the Virunga Mountains associated with the Great Rift Valley. The most prominent feature of the Democratic Republic of Congo's geology is the Western Rift Zone (WRZ), which runs through its eastern border regions and neighbouring countries (e.g. Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania) between 28°E to 32°E and 4°N to 12°S. The WRZ extends over a 1600 km arc, including lakes Albert, Eduard, Kivu and Tanganyika, until it joins the eastern branch. The Western Rift Valley of Africa has experienced severe earthquakes and volcanic eruptions in recent historical times. Earthquakes with magnitude >=6 are not frequent, but may cause significant destruction. They occur mostly in DRC and neighbouring countries (e.g. Uganda and Tanzania). In 1991, IAVCEI selected the Nyiragongo volcano as the ‘African decade volcano’ for the International Decade of Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR) program. Nyiragongo is located about 20 km north of Lake Kivu and 15 km north of Goma, a city of about 500,000 inhabitants. Goma is twinned to Gisenyi in Rwanda, which has a population of about 100,000. Several small villages are also located on the flank of the volcano. Population growth and poor or non-existent planning has led to relatively uncontrolled use of land for building, and the development of sites vulnerable to earthquake and/or volcanic risk.372 372