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Caruso, F.
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- PublicationOpen AccessAnnual Acoustic Presence of Fin Whale (Balaenoptera physalus) Offshore Eastern Sicily, Central Mediterranean Sea(2015-11-18)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Sciacca, V.; Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche e Ambientali, University of Messina, Messina, Italy and Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche e Ambientali, University of Messina, Messina, Italy and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) - Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Catania, Italy ;Caruso, F.; Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche e Ambientali, University of Messina, Messina, Italy and Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche e Ambientali, University of Messina, Messina, Italy and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) - Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Catania, Italy ;Beranzoli, L.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Chierici, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica - Istituto di Radioastronomia (INAF-IRA), Bologna, Italy ;De Domenico, E.; Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche e Ambientali, University of Messina, Messina, Italy, ;Embriaco, D.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Favali, P.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Giovanetti, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Larosa, Giuseppina; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) - Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Catania, Italy ;Marinaro, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Papale, E.; Bioacoustics Lab, IAMC Capo Granitola, National Research Council, Torretta Granitola (TP), Italy ;Pavan, G.; Centro Interdisciplinare di Bioacustica e Ricerche Ambientali (CIBRA), Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e dell’Ambiente, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy ;Pellegrino, C.; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) - Bologna, Bologna, Italy, and Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Università di Bologna, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy ;Pulvirenti, S.; stituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) - Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Catania, Italy ;Simeone, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) - Roma1, Roma, Italy ;Viola, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) - Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Catania, Italy ;Riccobene, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) - Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Catania, Italy; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; In recent years, an increasing number of surveys have definitively confirmed the seasonal presence of fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) in highly productive regions of the Mediterranean Sea. Despite this, very little is yet known about the routes that the species seasonally follows within the Mediterranean basin and, particularly, in the Ionian area. The present study assesses for the first time fin whale acoustic presence offshore Eastern Sicily (Ionian Sea), throughout the processing of about 10 months of continuous acoustic monitoring. The recording of fin whale vocalizations was made possible by the cabled deep-sea multidisciplinary observatory, “NEMO-SN1”, deployed 25 km off the Catania harbor at a depth of about 2,100 meters. NEMO-SN1 is an operational node of the European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water-column Observatory (EMSO) Research Infrastructure. The observatory was equipped with a low-frequency hydrophone (bandwidth: 0.05 Hz–1 kHz, sampling rate: 2 kHz) which continuously acquired data from July 2012 to May 2013. About 7,200 hours of acoustic data were analyzed by means of spectrogram display. Calls with the typical structure and patterns associated to the Mediterranean fin whale population were identified and monitored in the area for the first time. Furthermore, a background noise analysis within the fin whale communication frequency band (17.9–22.5 Hz) was conducted to investigate possible detection-masking effects. The study confirms the hypothesis that fin whales are present in the Ionian Sea throughout all seasons, with peaks in call detection rate during spring and summer months. The analysis also demonstrates that calls were more frequently detected in low background noise conditions. Further analysis will be performed to understand whether observed levels of noise limit the acoustic detection of the fin whales vocalizations, or whether the animals vocalize less in the presence of high background noise.837 322 - PublicationRestrictedMultifractal analysis of Mt. St. Helens seismicity as a tool for identifying eruptive activity(2006)
; ; ; ; ; ;Caruso, F.; Scuola Superiore di Catania, Universit`a di Catania ;Vinciguerra, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Latora, V.; Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universit`a di Catania ;Rapisarda, A.; Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universit`a di Catania ;Malone, S.; Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington; ; ; ; We present a multifractal analysis of Mount St. Helens seismic activity during 1980–2002. The seismic time distribution is studied in relation to the eruptive activity, mainly marked by the 1980 major explosive eruptions and by the 1980–1986 dome building eruptions. The spectrum of the generalized fractal dimensions, i.e. Dq versus q, extracted from the data, allows us to identify two main earthquake time distribution patterns. The first one exhibits a multifractal clustering correlated to the intense seismic swarms of the dome building activity. The second one is characterized by an almost constant value of Dq ≈ 1, as for a random uniform distribution. The time evolution of Dq (for q = 0.2), calculated on a fixed number of events window and at different depths, shows that the brittle mechanical response of the shallow layers to rapid magma intrusions, during the eruptive periods, is revealed by sharp changes, acting at a short time scale (order of days), and by the lowest values of Dq (≈ 0.3). Conversely, for deeper earthquakes, characterized by intense seismic swarms, Dq do not show obvious changes during the whole analyzed period, suggesting that the earthquakes, related to the deep magma supply system, are characterized by a minor degree of clustering, which is independent of the eruptive activity.141 25 - PublicationRestrictedContinuous monitoring of noise levels in the Gulf of Catania (Ionian Sea). Study of correlation with ship traffic(2017-08-15)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; Acoustic noise levels were measured in the Gulf of Catania (Ionian Sea) from July 2012 to May 2013 by a low frequency (<1000Hz) hydrophone, installed on board the NEMO-SN1 multidisciplinary observatory. NEMO-SN1 is a cabled node of EMSO-ERIC, which was deployed at a water depth of 2100m, 25km off Catania. The study area is characterized by the proximity of mid-size harbors and shipping lanes. Measured noise levels were correlated with the passage of ships tracked with a dedicated AIS antenna. Noise power was measured in the frequency range between 10Hz and 1000Hz. Experimental data were compared with the results of a fast numerical model based on AIS data to evaluate the contribution of shipping noise in six consecutive 1/3 octave frequency bands, including the 1/3 octave frequency bands centered at 63Hz and 125Hz, indicated by the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (2008/56/EC).663 3 - PublicationRestrictedAnalysis of self-organised criticality in the Olami-Feder-Christensen model and in real earthquakes(2007-05-14)
; ; ; ; ; ;Caruso, F.; CNR-INFM and Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy ;Pluchino, A.; Univ. of Catania, Italy ;Latora, V.; Univ. of Catania, Italy ;Vinciguerra, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Rapisarda, A.; Univ. of Catania, Italy; ; ; ; We perform an analysis on the dissipative Olami-Feder-Christensen model on a small world topology considering avalanche size differences. We show that when criticality appears, the probability density functions (PDFs) for the avalanche size differences at different times have fat tails with a q-Gaussian shape. This behavior does not depend on the time interval adopted and is found also when considering energy differences between real earthquakes. Such a result can be analytically understood if the sizes (released energies) of the avalanches (earthquakes) have no correlations. Our findings support the hypothesis that a self-organized criticality mechanism with long-range interactions is at the origin of seismic events and indicate that it is not possible to predict the magnitude of the next earthquake knowing those of the previous ones.141 20