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Maggiani, P. V.
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Maggiani, P. V.
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- PublicationRestrictedDevelopment of Anti Intruders Underwater Systems: Time Domain Evaluation of the Self-informed Magnetic Networks Performance(2009)
; ; ; ; ; ;Faggioni, O.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Soldani, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Gabellone, A.; CSSN ITE, Italian Navy, Viale Italia 72, Livorno, Italy ;Maggiani, P.; COMFORDRAG, Italian Navy, La Spezia, Italy ;Leoncini, D.; DIBE, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy; ; ; ; ; ; Corchado, E.This paper shows the result obtained during the operative test of an anti-intrusion undersea magnetic system based on a magnetometers’ new self-informed network. The experiment takes place in a geomagnetic space characterized by medium-high environmental noise with a relevant human origin magnetic noise component. The system has two different input signals: the magnetic background field (natural + artificial) and a signal composed by the magnetic background field and the signal due to the target magnetic field. The system uses the first signal as filter for the second one to detect the target magnetic signal. The effectiveness of the procedure is related to the position of the magnetic field observation points (reference devices and sentinel devices). The sentinel devices must obtain correlation in the noise observations and de-correlations in the target signal observations. The system, during four tries of intrusion, has correctly detected all magnetic signals generated by divers.248 33 - PublicationRestrictedTime Domain Performances Analysis of Underwater Magnetic SIMAN Systems for Port Protection(2009-07)
; ; ; ; ; ;Faggioni, O.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Soldani, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Leoncini, D.; University of Genoa, DIBE, via All’Opera Pia 11a, Genova 16145, Italy ;Gabellone, A.; Italian Navy, CSSN ITE “G. Vallauri”, viale Italia 72, Livorno 57127, Italy ;Maggiani, P. V.; Italian Navy, COMFORDRAG, viale Giovanni Amendola 1, La Spezia 19122, Italy; ; ; ; In the new world military scenario, potential terrorist action against port structures is of increasing concern. By this way one of the most dangerous situations is represented by individual divers’ attacks which have to be considered as critical as an intrusion conduced by military divers of an enemy nation army. In fact, divers can approach protected littoral areas by exploiting regions inaccessible to acoustic-based systems, such as acoustic shadow zones caused by natural or man made actions (i.e. irregular seabed morphology, obstacles, high reverberation regions, etc…). The magnetic detection method offers a potentially interesting solution to this problem in such regions by integrating acoustic based intruder detection systems. This paper shows the result obtained during the operative test of a port protection underwater system based on a magnetometers’ new self-informed network. The experiment takes place in a geomagnetic space characterized by medium-high environmental noise with a relevant human origin magnetic noise component. The system has two different input signals: the magnetic background field (natural + artificial noise) and a signal composed by the magnetic background field and the magnetic field due to the target (informative signal). The system uses the first signal as filter for the second one to detect the target magnetic signal. The effectiveness of this procedure is related to the position of the magnetic field observation points (reference devices and sentinel devices). The sentinel devices must obtain correlation in the noise observations and de-correlation in the target signal observations. The system, during four tries of intrusion, has correctly detected all magnetic signals generated by divers. The processing of magnetic signals has been enhanced by implementing an amplitude threshold to cut the passive energy components, which are those components that don’t contain useful information about diver passages. The use of this Passive Energy Cutter (PEC) increases the reliability of the system in terms of detection probability versus false alarm probability, as evidenced by the comparison of the ROC curves for the system with and without the PEC use.271 61 - PublicationOpen AccessBuilding the synthetic “Mac System”: an analytical integration of magnetic and acoustic subsystems for port protection scenarios.(2009-06-09)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Faggioni, O.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Soldani, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Zunino, R.; Defence Geophysics Group; University of Genoa, DIBE, SEA Lab, Via All’Opera Pia 11a, 16145 Genova, Italy ;Leoncini, D.; Defence Geophysics Group; University of Genoa, DIBE, SEA Lab, Via All’Opera Pia 11a, 16145 Genova, Italy ;Di Gennaro, E.; Italian Navy; Naval Logistic Inspectorate, Piazza della Marina 4, 00196 Roma, Italy ;Gabellone, A.; Italian Navy, CSSN ITE “G. Vallauri”, Viale Italia 72, 57127 Livorno, Italy ;Maggiani, P. V.; Italian Navy, COMFORDRAG, Viale Giovanni Amendola 1, 19122 La Spezia, Italy ;Falcucci, V.; WASS, Via di Levante 48, 57124 Livorno, Italy ;Michelizza, E.; WASS, Via di Levante 48, 57124 Livorno, Italy; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; In order to obtain a preliminary overview on the effectiveness of the underwater anti-divers magnetic-acoustic “MAC System”, we have developed a synthesis between the results coming out from the two different subsystems (magnetic and acoustic), based on two different models, during two different test sections. The section covered by the magnetic component, measured near the NURC dock (La Spezia, Italy) in very noisy port condition, has been remodeled on the sea bottom profile of the access channel to the Italian Navy Base in La Spezia, which presents environmental electromagnetic noise compatible with the NURC’s one. In this entrance way has been executed an acoustic port protection experiment, too. The two different covered sections (magnetic and acoustic) have been merged to obtain an integrated synthetic model of the accuracy of the MAC System. The results have pointed out a remarkable increase of the antidivers covering effectiveness, in particular in the boundary zone of the access way to be protected: the confidence of the MAC System can be considered quite 1 and higher in respect to the sum of the confidence of the two subsystems.253 4667 - PublicationOpen AccessHarbour Sea-floor Clearance: “HD” High Definition Magnetic Survey Performance(2009-10-21)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Faggioni, O.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia ;Soldani, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia ;Leoncini, D.; Defence Geophysics Group; University of Genoa, DIBE, SEA Lab, Via All’Opera Pia 11a, 16145 Genova, Italy ;Zunino, R.; Defence Geophysics Group; University of Genoa, DIBE, SEA Lab, Via All’Opera Pia 11a, 16145 Genova, Italy ;Gastaldo, P.; Defence Geophysics Group; University of Genoa, DIBE, SEA Lab, Via All’Opera Pia 11a, 16145 Genova, Italy ;Di Gennaro, E.; Italian Navy, Naval Logistic Inspectorate, Piazza della Marina 4, 00196 Roma, Italy ;Lamberti, L. O.; Italian Navy, Istituto Idrografico della Marina, Passo dell’Osservatorio 4, 16134 Genova, Italy ;Maggiani, P. V.; Italian Navy, COMFORDRAG, Viale Giovanni Amendola 1, 19122 La Spezia, Italy; ; ; ; ; ; ; Seafloor clearance methods based on acoustic, direct-inspection, and single-sensor magnetic approaches suffer from limitations in controlling the target-sensor distance, and may prove ineffective when the small size or the dangerous nature of targets requires high accuracy in localization. Moreover, random magnetic variations over time bring about spatial decorrelation phenomena, and hinder the application of double-sensor methods in noisy harbour environments. The new High Definition (HD) magnetic survey protocol tackles the measurement-distance problem in two ways: first, by varying the sensor depth dynamically, and secondly by backprojecting the measured field according to seafloor data and vertical incremental factors associated with the bandwidth characteristics of targets. The method to make up for timeinduced loss in spatial localization ability exploits the local behaviour of a coherence function, which correlates local observations to a set of spatially-stabilized reference stations. The consequent normalization of measured magnetic signals allows one to assign the monitored areas with a specific level of confidence in the detection results, ranging from 100% (certainty) to 0% (random events). The principles of HD detection have been fully applied in the seafloor clearance of the firing test site located south of Cape Teulada (Sardinia, Italy), where very weak signal sources such as cartridge cases, mines, and small objects down to 1 Kg mass values (lobster pots) have been successfully localized, even when covered by extensive colonies of Posidonia.230 408