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Gabellone, A.
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Gabellone, A.
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- PublicationOpen AccessBuilding the synthetic “Mac System”: an analytical integration of magnetic and acoustic subsystems for port protection scenarios.(2009-06-09)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Faggioni, O.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Soldani, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Zunino, R.; Defence Geophysics Group; University of Genoa, DIBE, SEA Lab, Via All’Opera Pia 11a, 16145 Genova, Italy ;Leoncini, D.; Defence Geophysics Group; University of Genoa, DIBE, SEA Lab, Via All’Opera Pia 11a, 16145 Genova, Italy ;Di Gennaro, E.; Italian Navy; Naval Logistic Inspectorate, Piazza della Marina 4, 00196 Roma, Italy ;Gabellone, A.; Italian Navy, CSSN ITE “G. Vallauri”, Viale Italia 72, 57127 Livorno, Italy ;Maggiani, P. V.; Italian Navy, COMFORDRAG, Viale Giovanni Amendola 1, 19122 La Spezia, Italy ;Falcucci, V.; WASS, Via di Levante 48, 57124 Livorno, Italy ;Michelizza, E.; WASS, Via di Levante 48, 57124 Livorno, Italy; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; In order to obtain a preliminary overview on the effectiveness of the underwater anti-divers magnetic-acoustic “MAC System”, we have developed a synthesis between the results coming out from the two different subsystems (magnetic and acoustic), based on two different models, during two different test sections. The section covered by the magnetic component, measured near the NURC dock (La Spezia, Italy) in very noisy port condition, has been remodeled on the sea bottom profile of the access channel to the Italian Navy Base in La Spezia, which presents environmental electromagnetic noise compatible with the NURC’s one. In this entrance way has been executed an acoustic port protection experiment, too. The two different covered sections (magnetic and acoustic) have been merged to obtain an integrated synthetic model of the accuracy of the MAC System. The results have pointed out a remarkable increase of the antidivers covering effectiveness, in particular in the boundary zone of the access way to be protected: the confidence of the MAC System can be considered quite 1 and higher in respect to the sum of the confidence of the two subsystems.253 4667 - PublicationRestrictedTime Domain Performances Analysis of Underwater Magnetic SIMAN Systems for Port Protection(2009-07)
; ; ; ; ; ;Faggioni, O.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Soldani, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Leoncini, D.; University of Genoa, DIBE, via All’Opera Pia 11a, Genova 16145, Italy ;Gabellone, A.; Italian Navy, CSSN ITE “G. Vallauri”, viale Italia 72, Livorno 57127, Italy ;Maggiani, P. V.; Italian Navy, COMFORDRAG, viale Giovanni Amendola 1, La Spezia 19122, Italy; ; ; ; In the new world military scenario, potential terrorist action against port structures is of increasing concern. By this way one of the most dangerous situations is represented by individual divers’ attacks which have to be considered as critical as an intrusion conduced by military divers of an enemy nation army. In fact, divers can approach protected littoral areas by exploiting regions inaccessible to acoustic-based systems, such as acoustic shadow zones caused by natural or man made actions (i.e. irregular seabed morphology, obstacles, high reverberation regions, etc…). The magnetic detection method offers a potentially interesting solution to this problem in such regions by integrating acoustic based intruder detection systems. This paper shows the result obtained during the operative test of a port protection underwater system based on a magnetometers’ new self-informed network. The experiment takes place in a geomagnetic space characterized by medium-high environmental noise with a relevant human origin magnetic noise component. The system has two different input signals: the magnetic background field (natural + artificial noise) and a signal composed by the magnetic background field and the magnetic field due to the target (informative signal). The system uses the first signal as filter for the second one to detect the target magnetic signal. The effectiveness of this procedure is related to the position of the magnetic field observation points (reference devices and sentinel devices). The sentinel devices must obtain correlation in the noise observations and de-correlation in the target signal observations. The system, during four tries of intrusion, has correctly detected all magnetic signals generated by divers. The processing of magnetic signals has been enhanced by implementing an amplitude threshold to cut the passive energy components, which are those components that don’t contain useful information about diver passages. The use of this Passive Energy Cutter (PEC) increases the reliability of the system in terms of detection probability versus false alarm probability, as evidenced by the comparison of the ROC curves for the system with and without the PEC use.271 61 - PublicationRestrictedUndersea harbour defence: A new choice in magnetic networks(2010-09)
; ; ; ; ; ;Faggioni, O.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Soldani, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Gabellone, A.; NATO C3 Agency, Building Z-Avenue du Bourget 140, B-1110 Brussels, Belgium ;Hollett, R.D.; NATO Undersea Research Centre, Viale San Bartolomeo 400, 19100 La Spezia, Italy ;Kessel, R.T.; NATO Undersea Research Centre, Viale San Bartolomeo 400, 19100 La Spezia, Italy; ; ; ; In the following, we report the advances made in the development of a magnetic component for peripheral monitoring of port environments for anti-intruder systems. The project was initiated with the aim of improving the detection performance of current acoustic-based anti-intruder systems, in the vicinity of quays or the seabed or in acoustic shadow zones behind natural or artificial objects. In the 5-year period from 2004 to 2008, the system has been subjected to detection-performance tests in experiments involving divers equipped with air tanks and rebreather kits in real port environments and, at the same time, the associated signal processing has been subjected to development, to enhance detection performance. In tests involving simulated diver attacks against a vessel moored alongside a quay in the port of La Spezia, the system has been proved particularly effective by detecting 9 divers out of 9.307 46 - PublicationOpen AccessCAIMAN Experiment(2007-06-05)
; ; ; ; ;Gabellone, A.; Italian Navy – Institute of Electronics and Communications “G. Vallauri”, MARITELERADAR - Viale Italia, 71 – 57126 Livorno - Italy ;Faggioni, O.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Soldani, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Guerrini, P.; NATO Undersea Research Centre, Viale San Bartolomeo, 400 – 19138 La Spezia - Italy; ; ; ; Giorgio RittoreNon-acoustic detection systems can be used in combination with Sonar systems to determine the presence of an underwater threat, such as terrorist divers. The goal of the CAIMAN (Coastal Anti Intruders MAgnetometers Network) joint experiment (Italian Navy, NATO Undersea Research Centre and INGV Marine Geophysics) is the application of High Definition Geophysics Magnetic techniques in a port protection scenario, where conventional measurements of very low magnetic sources, like intruder swimmers, are strongly disturbed by ambient, natural and artificial, background noise and other time-variant magnetic anomalies. Two tri-axial fluxgate magnetometers were deployed on the sea bottom and connected to a shore side measurement station. A team of navy divers, wearing both COTS and EOD equipment, performed some coastal approach runs on each magnetometer alternatively. Magnetic signature data were logged and post processed using MATLAB®. Results demonstrated the effectiveness of high definition time reduction techniques using a self-referred integrated array design.232 4921 - PublicationRestrictedDevelopment of Anti Intruders Underwater Systems: Time Domain Evaluation of the Self-informed Magnetic Networks Performance(2009)
; ; ; ; ; ;Faggioni, O.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Soldani, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Gabellone, A.; CSSN ITE, Italian Navy, Viale Italia 72, Livorno, Italy ;Maggiani, P.; COMFORDRAG, Italian Navy, La Spezia, Italy ;Leoncini, D.; DIBE, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy; ; ; ; ; ; Corchado, E.This paper shows the result obtained during the operative test of an anti-intrusion undersea magnetic system based on a magnetometers’ new self-informed network. The experiment takes place in a geomagnetic space characterized by medium-high environmental noise with a relevant human origin magnetic noise component. The system has two different input signals: the magnetic background field (natural + artificial) and a signal composed by the magnetic background field and the signal due to the target magnetic field. The system uses the first signal as filter for the second one to detect the target magnetic signal. The effectiveness of the procedure is related to the position of the magnetic field observation points (reference devices and sentinel devices). The sentinel devices must obtain correlation in the noise observations and de-correlations in the target signal observations. The system, during four tries of intrusion, has correctly detected all magnetic signals generated by divers.248 33 - PublicationOpen AccessAnti-intruder port protection “MAC (Magnetic ACoustic) System”: advances in the magnetic component performance(2008-08-25)
; ; ; ; ; ;Faggioni, O.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Gabellone, A.; Istituto per le Telecomunicazioni e l’Elettronica della Marina militare, Viale Italia 72, 57126 Livorno, Italy ;Hollett, R.; Nato Undersea Research Centre, Viale San Bartolomeo 400, 19100 La Spezia, Italy ;Kessel, R. T.; Nato Undersea Research Centre, Viale San Bartolomeo 400, 19100 La Spezia, Italy ;Soldani, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia; ; ; ; ; ; ;Bjørnø, L.; UltraTech Holding, DenmarkIn the following, we report the advances made in the development of a magnetic component for peripheral monitoring of port environments for anti-intruder systems. The project was initiated by the Office of Research and Development, COMFORDRAG, Italian Navy, in 2004, with the aim of improving the detection performance of current acoustic-based anti-intruder systems, in the vicinity of quays or the seabed or in acoustic-shadow zones behind natural or artificial objects. In the five-year period from 2004 to 2008, the system has been subjected to detection-performance tests in experiments involving divers equipped with air tanks and rebreather kits in real port environments and, at the same time, the associated signal processing has been subjected to development, to enhance detection performance. In tests involving simulated diver attacks against a vessel moored alongside a quay in the port of La Spezia, the system has been proved particularly effective by detecting 9 divers out of 9. The processing of the magnetic signal has been enhanced by implementing an amplitude threshold, as a means of filtering the passive energy components, termed Passive Energy Cutting (PEC), that is, the elimination of components that comprise no useful information regarding diver transits. The use of PEC boosts the reliability of the system in terms of detection versus false alarm rate, as evidenced by the comparison of the ROC curves for the system with and without PEC.206 493