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Marotta, Enrica
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Marotta, Enrica
Email
enrica.marotta@ingv.it
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staff
ORCID
Researcher ID
M-6587-2018
45 results
Now showing 1 - 10 of 45
- PublicationRestrictedVolcanological and structural evolution of the Ischia resurgent caldera (Italy) over the past 10 ka.(Geological Society of America, 2010)
; ; ; ; ; ;De Vita, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Sansivero, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Orsi, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Marotta, E.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Piochi, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia; ; ; ; Volcanic activity on the island of Ischia included both effusive and explosive eruptions, mainly occurred in the eastern sector of the island. Vent location, eruption dynamics, transport mechanisms and depositional processes, have been reconstructed for each recognized unit. In the past 10 ka, periods of quiescence alternated with periods of very intense volcanism, which was mainly concentrated at about 5.5 and over the past 2.9 ka. Volcanism was not continuous and strongly influenced by the mechanism of a resurgence phenomenon, which affects the island since about 33 ka. Therefore, it has been hypothesized that magma intrusion and uplift events occurred intermittently. In the past 5.5 ka, volcanic activity has been invariably accompanied by the emplacement of slope instability-related deposits testifying that also slope instability was induced by reactivation of vertical movements, likely related to resurgence.535 87 - PublicationOpen AccessField trip to the Ischia resurgent caldera, a journey across an active volcano in the Gulf of Naples(2018)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;schia is one of the most impressive examples of post-caldera resurgence in the world, with its almost 1,000 m of uplift in less than 30 ka. This three-days field trip will lead the participants through the geological and volcanological history of the island, illustrating the volcanic and related hazardous phenomena threatening about 50,000 inhabitants. Effusive and explosive eruptions, catastrophic earthquakes and huge debris-avalanches struck the island that, since Neolithic times, experienced a complex history of alternating human colonization and natural disasters. The field trip consists of three routes: 1) the circumnavigation of the island, aimed to outline its main volcanological, geomorphological and tectonic features and to observe the oldest volcanic rocks exposed, stimulating discussions about coastal evolution and the relationships between volcanism, volcano-tectonism and slope instability; 2) an onland excursion on peculiar aspects of the products related to Ischia more recent period of volcanic activity; 3) a route focusing on the Mt. Epomeo Green Tuff caldera forming eruptions (55-60 ka), encouraging a discussion on the dynamics of the intracalderic resurgence and the geomorphological evolution of the Mt. Epomeo slopes, with ongoing Mass Rock Creep (MRC) processes culminating in rockavalanche, debris-avalanche and lahar deposits.540 35 - PublicationRestrictedCyclical slope instability and volcanism related to volcano-tectonism in resurgent calderas: The Ischia island (Italy) case study(2006)
; ; ; ; ;De Vita, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Sansivero, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Orsi, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Marotta, E.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia; ; ; The results of a detailed stratigraphic study, carried out in the areas located to the east and south-west of Mt. Epomeo at Ischia, are presented and compared with those of previous geological, archaeological and historical investigations to show the relationships among caldera resurgence, volcanism and slope instability in the past 5.5 ka. Resurgence at Ischia began at about 30 ka B.P. and occurred through intermittent uplifting and tectonic quietness phases. During the past 5.5 ka reactivation of faults and related volcanic activity was accompanied by emplacement of deposits generated by surface gravitational movements. These deposits were generated in four main phases, dated between 5.5 and 2.9 ka, around 2.9 ka, between 2.6 and 2.3 ka, and between 2.3 and 1.9 ka, respectively. Deposits formed by gravitational movements preceded and followed the emplacement of volcanic rocks, testifying that slope instability was induced by vertical movements, which also activated and/or reactivated faults and fractures that fed volcanism. The results of this study therefore suggest that, although slope failure can occur as a consequence of a variety of factors, resurgence has to be considered a factor inducing a particularly intense slope instability. Resurgence is accompanied by activation of faults and renewal of volcanism, causing oversteepening of the slopes and generating seismicity that could trigger surface gravitational movements. Furthermore, the availability of large amount of loose material, rapidly accumulated along the slopes during eruptions, favors landslide generation.584 56 - PublicationOpen AccessEstimation of the Uncertainties Introduced in Thermal Map Mosaic: A Case of Study with PIX4D Mapper Software(2023-09-06)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; The aim of this study is to analyse problems related to thermal mapping obtained from thermal data acquired from unmanned aerial systems (UAS) equipped with thermal cameras. We focused on an accurate analysis of uncertainties introduced by the PIX4D Mapper software version 4.4.12 used to obtain the surface temperature maps of thermal images acquired using the UAS. To achieve this aim, we used artificial thermal references during the surveys, as well as natural hot targets, i.e., thermal anomalies in the Pisciarelli hydrothermal system in Campi Flegrei caldera (CFc). Artificial thermal targets, expressly created and designed for this goal, are a prototype here called “developed thermal target” (DTT) created by the drone laboratory at Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia—Osservatorio Vesuviano (INGV-OV).We show the results obtained through three surveys, and during the last two, thermal targets were positioned on land at different flight heights of the UAS. Different heights were also necessary to test the spatial resolution of the DTT with the used thermal camera as well as possible temperature differences between the raw images acquired via UAS with the thermal mapping obtained from the PIX4D Mapper software. In this work, we estimate the uncertainty that may be introduced by the mosaic procedure, and furthermore we find an attenuation of the measured temperatures introduced by the different distances between the thermal anomaly and sensor. These results appear to be of great importance for the subsequent calibration phase of the thermal maps, especially in cases where these methodologies are applied for the purposes of monitoring volcanic/geothermal areas.239 22 - PublicationRestrictedThermal monitoring to infer possible interactions between shallow hydrothermal system and slope-scale gravitational deformation of Mt Epomeo (Ischia Island, Italy)(Geological society of London, 2021)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; Geothermal and volcanic systems are prone to gravity-induced slope instability at different scales. Endogenous magmatic, hydrothermal and seismic forcings can significantly modify rock mass rheology and perturb the local stress field and gravitational equilibrium, inducing shallow or slope-scale processes. The island of Ischia, which is part of the Phlegrean Volcanic District (Italy), is a remarkable example of this kind of complex interacting system. This study focuses on monitoring the hydrothermal system located beneath the ongoing slope-scale deformation, which involves Mt Nuovo (the western part of Mt Epomeo) and is a complementary effect of the resurgence of an ancient caldera. Debris and rock avalanches have affected the slopes of this volcanic island, in response to the renewal of volcanic activity and caldera resurgence. Large parts of the corresponding mass-wasting deposits overlay the most active areas of the Ischia hydrothermal system, where ongoing slope-scale gravity-driven deformation owing to a mass rock creep (MRC) process is still evolving. To investigate possible relations between the perturbing shallow hydrothermal system and the MRC process, thermal monitoring of selected groups of fumarolic emissions located in several portions of the deforming sector has been carried out since 2008 on a monthly basis by means of direct (thermal probes) and remote sensing (IRthermography) techniques. Thermal monitoring of specific fumaroles reveals a peculiar seasonal trend characterized by a delayed inverse correlation with rainy periods and a short-term pulsating response to dry stages. The fumaroles also appear spatially correlated to the presence of MRC-related structures involving volcanic slopes. According to the measured thermal data, a conceptual model of the thermal interactions within the Mt Nuovo slope is provided, framing the potential role of thermal actions in accelerating the deformation process. In this view, possible chain effects, owing to magmatic or hydrothermal renovation, are depicted, delineating the most severe multihazard scenario consisting of an accelerating evolution of the MRC process towards paroxysmal collapse.51 3 - PublicationOpen AccessPreliminary analysis of site effects in the Ischia island: new insights from md 4.0 earthquake of 21 august 2017 and seismic noise data(2017-11-14)
; ; ; ;Esposito, Roberta; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; On August 21, 2017, at 18:57 UTC, an earthquake of MD 4.0 occurred in Casamicciola, district of Ischia island. The damage caused by the earthquake was massive, with two victims and several buildings collapsed, and circumscribed to the areas of uptown Casamicciola, particularly in the Piazza Maio-La Rita area, and in a small area, called Fango, in Lacco Ameno. Medium and minor damages occurred in Piazza Bagni, in the area around the town hall of Casamicciola and in the Sentinella area. Even assuming the poor quality constructions and/or not in compliance with the anti-seismic regulations, such a level of damage has induced the scientific community to analyse the effects of local site amplifications, that usually are not negligible in volcanic areas. As a matter of fact the seismic station IOCA, located very close to the high damage areas, recorded a peak ground acceleration (PGA) of 2.6 m/s2. This paper is aimed to study the possible site amplification in the areas heavily affected by the August 21 earthquake in order to better understand the causes of these macroseismic effects and high damage levels already observed in the past.171 33 - PublicationRestrictedIl Reale Osservatorio Vesuviano e il Parco Nazionale del Vesuvio: l’eccellenza di un’istituzione scientifica per la valorizzazione del territorio.(AMRA S.c.a.r.l., 2015)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; La valorizzazione del territorio passa necessariamente attraverso la possibilità di mettere in luce le eccellenze che lo rendono un patrimonio unico attraverso l'integrazione tra di esse.....123 2 - PublicationOpen AccessAnalysis of tourism in Campania as a tool for the development of high-quality cultural services for sightseers: The “Reale Osservatorio Vesuviano” case history(2015)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; The purpose of this work is to identify the guidelines for the development and diversification of the cultural touristic offer achievable at the Reale Osservatorio Vesuviano (ROV). Founded in 1841, it is the oldest volcano observatory in the world and it has always had the vocation for scientific-naturalistic and formative tourism. The present study investigates the connections between the sociology of tourism and the ROV’s sustainability and competitiveness as a tourist destination. Here it is performed a study of the tourist flow, based on the sociology of tourism and on the correct processing of data sets, distinguishing the ''statistical information on tourism" from "tourism statistics", as such a study is the basis of a proper market strategy in different sectors. Tourism remains, in fact, an important phenomenon in world economy: despite the economic crisis of recent years, international tourist arrivals show a positive development of the trend in all the major sub-areas into which the large international areas are traditionally divided. The principles for a future marketing plan were outlined after collecting all the relevant information. The plan was designed to enhance the overall touristic offer of the ROV, never ceasing to consider the integration of natural- scientific aspects and cultural events to be offered within the observatory itself.1008 53 - PublicationRestrictedResurgent Calderas: analogue models and field data.(2005)
; ; ; ;Marotta, E.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;Orsi, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia ;De Vita, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia; ; Caidera collapse and resurgence are common phenomena in several volcanic areas of the world. In order to better understand these phenomena, in the last decades, analogue models have been carried out by many authors using variable methodologies. Almost all the experiments did not take into consideration the effects of the regional stress field on caldera resurgence, a role which has been well analyzed recently by Marotta (2001) and Acocella et alii (2004). Caldera resurgence in areas ìndeformed (Acoceila et alii 2000) or previously deformed (Marotta 2001 Acocelia el alii 2004) by enensional tectonism has been investigated through analogue modelling. In these experiments, according to scaiing laws, dry-quartz sand and Newtonian silicone putty bave been used to simulate the brittie behaviour of the Fiarth’s crust and the ductue behaviour of the magma. respecrively. The resuits of the experiments, performed lo simulate only resurgence, show mainly a dome-like intumescence. Such a behaviour has been described for many large calderas in Japan, United States and New Guinea. In these calderas the deformation generates a radial symmetry and a dome-like intumescence (resurgent dome) of the central portion of the caldera floor (Smith and Bailey 1968). The results of the experiments, performed to simulate caldera resurgence in a simple-graben structure, suggest that resurgence always occurs through formation of a discrete number of differently displaced blocks. The deformation generates a compressional stress regime within one portion of the resurgent block and an extensional stress regìme along the opposite portion, facilitating magma intrusion. This behaviour has been recogrnzed at the medium-size resurgent calderas of Ischia, Campi Flegrei and Pantelleria. At each of these structures, caldera collapse and resurgence depend also upon the characteristics of both structural setting and regional stress field, and occur through the formation of a discrete number of differentially displaced blocks (Orsi et alii 1991, 1996, 1999).257 24 - PublicationOpen AccessMultiGAS Detection from Airborne Platforms on Italian Volcanic and Geothermal Areas(2023-05-03)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;; ; ; ; ;; ; ; ; The measurement of volcanic gases, such as CO2 and SO2, emitted from summit craters and fumaroles is crucial to monitor volcanic activity, providing estimations of gases fluxes, and geochemical information that helps to assess the status and the risk level of an active volcano. During high degassing events, the measurement of volcanic emissions is a dangerous task that cannot be performed using hand portable or backpack carried gas analysis systems. Measurements of gases plumes could be safety achieved by using instruments mounted on UAS (Unmanned Aerial System). In this work, we present the measurements of CO2, SO2, and H2S gases collected with a miniaturized MultiGAS instrument during 2021 and 2022 field campaigns. They took place at several thermally active areas in Italy: Pisciarelli (Naples, Italy), Stromboli volcano (Messina, Italy), and Parco Naturalistico delle Biancane (Grosseto, Italy).101 3