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Gurrieri, Sergio
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Gurrieri, Sergio
Email
sergio.gurrieri@ingv.it
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staff
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Researcher ID
F-9701-2014
70 results
Now showing 1 - 10 of 70
- PublicationRestrictedPreliminary studies on the geothermal fluids of the island of Ischia: gas geochemistry(1988)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; Fumarolic gases and dissolved gases in some thermal waters of Ischia were analyzed.82 6 - PublicationOpen AccessTemporal and spatial variations in soil CO2 flux exhaled in peripheral areas of Mt. Etna during the last two years(2007-04-15)
; ; ; ;Camarda, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;De Gregorio, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;Gurrieri, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia; ; ; European Geosciences UnionMt. Etna is the highest volcano in Europe, up today it reaches about 3320 m a.s.l. It is located in the eastern cost of Sicily (Southern Italy) which is characterized by intense tectonic activity and magmatism (Hirn et al., 1997). The Mt. Etna has a very intense degassing (Gerlach, 1991, Allard et al., 1991) which occurs both from top craters and along its flanks, mainly along the active structures (D’alessandro et al. 1995, Giammanco et al., 1998). In order to monitoring the volcanic activity, since 1989, several soil CO2 flux measurements have been periodically carried out in some areas of the volcano characterized by high CO2 emissions. In particular, the selected areas are located in the SW zone around the Paternò village and in the eastern part of the volcano, around the village of Zafferana Etnea. The measurements of CO2 flux in the areas are performed in a regular grid of about 70 sites. In the past the highest values of CO2 flux were recorded before the 1991-1993 eruption. This was the most important eruption of the last three century as regard of amount of erupted magma volume (Barberi et al., 1993). Generally till now the data about peripheral degassing have been considered only in term of total mean flux leaving aside any consideration about the spatial distribution in the single area. In the last two years, besides simply considered the variations of mean flux, an analysis of spatial distributions variations has been undertaken in order to better understand the relationships between volcano system modifications and diffuse degassing. During the same period two anomalous episodes were recorded one on May - September 2005 and the other, on May – July 2006. These two periods showed on the whole different characteristics. The first anomaly was more intense in the Zafferana area and was coupled with an intense seismic activity recorded, nearby this area. Otherwise the second episodes showed the greatest intensity in Paternò area and coincided with the occurrence of several earthquakes, with hypocentre placed about 10 km depth, few kilometers north of the Paternò. Furthermore both the episodes were associated with significantly modifications on spatial distribution of soil CO2 with shapes and the extents quite different each other. The two anomalies were due to movement and/or arrive of magma batches. The differences being between them reflect inequality in the modality and/or type of the magma rising process. Regarding the occurrence of the last eruptive period (July – December 06) should be noted, that unlike of the almost all previous eruptions, the flux remain rather high in both the areas, also after the beginning of the eruptive event.226 87 - PublicationOpen AccessContinuous monitoring of hydrogen and carbon dioxide at Stromboli volcano(2015-04)
; ; ; ;Valenza, M. ;Di Martino, R. M. R.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;Camarda, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;Gurrieri, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;Valenza, M.; Dipartimento DiSTeM, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy; ; ; Dipartimento DiSTeM, Università di Palermo, Palermo, ItalyGeochemical monitoring of fumarole and soil gases is a powerful tool for volcano surveillance, for investigating the subsurface magma dynamics, and for hazard assessment in volcanic areas. The monitoring of both carbon dioxide (CO2) flux, and hydrogen (H2) concentration in active volcanic areas helps to improve the understanding of the processes linking the surface gas emissions, the chemistry of the magmatic gases, and the volcanic activity. The CO2 flux measurement is a routine technique for volcano monitoring purposes, because of CO2 is the secondabundant component of the gas phase in silicate magmas, attaining saturation at the mantle to deep crustal level. The H2 concentration has provided indications concerning the oxygen fugacity of magmatic gases, a parameter that changes over a wide range of low values (1016 – 108 bar), and affects the redox state of multivalent elements. This study reports on the use a tailor-made automatic system developed for continuous monitoring purposes of H2 concentration and CO2 flux in the summit area of Stromboli volcano (Aeolian islands). The automatic device consists of an H2-selective electrochemical sensor, and two IR-spectrophotometers for measuring the CO2 flux in agreement with the dynamic concentration method. The data collected by the automatic system deployed at Stromboli from 19 May 2009 to 15 December 2010 are presented herein. The data processing provides a better understanding of the relationships between the evolution of the low temperature fumarolic emissions, and the volcanic activity. The results of the data analysis indicates that the high frequency variations exhibited by CO2 flux and H2 concentration are positively correlated with the eruptive activity of Stromboli, typically changing on time scale of hours or days. Furthermore, the investigation of the relationships between CO2 flux and H2 concentration provides an evaluation of the depth of the degassing source, by which the gas mixture containing H2 and CO2 starts to move through the rock fractures. Our data indicates that the depth of the degassing source ranges between 2 and 4 km in the volcano plumbing system, in agreement with the magma storage zone that has been proposed by other geochemical, volcanological, petrological and geophysical investigations120 88 - PublicationRestrictedA PTFE membrane for the in situ extraction of dissolved gases in natural waters: Theory and applications(2005-09-07)
; ; ; ;De Gregorio, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;Gurrieri, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;Valenza, M.; Dipartimento di Chimica e Fisica della Terra ed Applicazioni, Via Archirafi 36, 90136 Palermo, Italy; ; A new method for extracting dissolved gases in natural waters has been developed and tested, both in the laboratory and in the field. The sampling device consists of a polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE) tube (waterproof and gas permeable) sealed at one end and connected to a glass sample holder at the other end. The device is pre-evacuated and subsequently dipped in water, where the dissolved gases permeate through the PTFE tube until the pressure inside the system reaches equilibrium. A theoretical model describing the time variation in partial gas pressure inside a sampling device has been elaborated, combining the mass balance and ‘‘Solution-Diffusion Model’’ which describes the gas permeation process through a PTFE membrane). This theoretical model was used to predict the temporal evolution of the partial pressure of each gas species in the sampling device. The model was validated by numerous laboratory tests. The method was applied to the groundwater of Vulcano Island (southern Italy). The results suggest that the new sampling device could easily extract the dissolved gases from water in order to determine their chemical and isotopic composition.407 82 - PublicationOpen AccessNew perspectives on volcano monitoring in a tropical environment: Continuous measurements of soil CO2 flux at Piton de la Fournaise (La Réunion Island, France)(2017)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;; ; ;; ;; ;Detecting renewal of volcanic activity is a challenging task and even more difficult in tropical settings. Continuous measurements of soil CO2 flux were carried out at the Piton de la Fournaise volcano during 2013–2016. Since this site is in the tropics, periods of heavy rainfall are in the norm. Measurements covered volcanic unrest after a hiatus of 3.5 years. We find that while temperature has the strongest effect, extreme rainfall causes short-term noise. When corrected and filtered from the environmental influence, soil CO2 time series permit to detect a major deep magmatic event during March–April 2014, 3 months before the first eruption of the new activity phase. Correlation with geophysical data sets allows timing of further stages ofupwardfluidascent.OurstudyvalidatessoilCO2fluxmonitoringintropicalenvironmentsasavaluabletoolto monitor magma transfer and to enhance understanding of volcano unrest down to the lithospheric mantle.292 33 - PublicationRestrictedIn situ permeability measurements baed on a radial gas advection model: relationships between soil permeability and diffuse CO2 degassing in volcanic areas(2006)
; ; ; ;Camarda, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;Gurrieri, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;Valenza, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia; ; In this paper we have developed a new method for measuring in situ soil permeability, which is based on the theory of radial gas advection through an isotropic porous medium. The method was tested in the laboratory and at several locations on the island of Vulcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy). It consists of a special device which generates a gas source at a depth of 50 cm and it permits measurement of the relative induced pressure in nearby soil at different depths. The characteristic error of the method was less than 10%. Furthermore, soil permeability measurements were carried out in the island of Vulcano during different periods of the year (between May 2000 and June 2001). A strong decrease in permeability in the upper layers of the soil during and after rainfall was noted, with very poor correlations between the spatial distributions of soil CO2 flux and shallow soil permeability.165 27 - PublicationRestrictedMagma-ascent processes during 2005–2009 at Mt Etna inferred by soil CO2 emissions in peripheral areas of the volcano(2012-11)
; ; ; ;Camarda, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;De Gregorio, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;Gurrieri, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia; ; In this paper, we report four years of soil CO2 emission data measured monthly at 130 sites in two peripheral areas of Mt Etna Volcano that are well known for their high discharge rates of volcanic gas. We remove the influence of atmospheric parameters, and by means of statistical analyses, we (i) demonstrate that variations in CO2 emissions are due mainly to CO2 of a deep origin and (ii) quantify the total amounts of CO2 derived from a deep magma source. Periods of anomalous deep degassing are identified in both areas. A comparison of the timing of these anomalies and geophysical data indicates that the periods of anomalous degassing can be mostly ascribed to intrusions of fresh magma into the Etna plumbing system, which is in agreement with many previous works. Based on the existing literature, we formulate an interpretative framework of magma migration within the plumbing system, consistent with temporal trends in the observed anomalies. Finally, we reconstruct the processes of recent magma ascent at Mt Etna based on our interpretative framework, published geophysical data, and records of volcanic activity.466 32 - PublicationRestrictedUnmanned aerial vehicle measurements of volcanic carbon dioxide fluxes(2008-03-20)
; ; ; ; ; ; ;McGonigle, A. J. S.; Department of Geography, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. ;Aiuppa, A.; Dipartimento CFTA, Universita` di Palermo, Palermo, Italy. ;Giudice, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;Tamburello, G.; Dipartimento CFTA, Universita` di Palermo, Palermo, Italy. ;Hodson, A. J.; Department of Geography, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. ;Gurrieri, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia; ; ; ; ; We report the first measurements of volcanic gases with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The data were collected at La Fossa crater, Vulcano, Italy, during April 2007, with a helicopter UAV of 3 kg payload, carrying an ultraviolet spectrometer for remotely sensing the SO2 flux (8.5 Mg d 1), and an infrared spectrometer, and electrochemical sensor assembly for measuring the plume CO2/SO2 ratio; by multiplying these data we compute a CO2 flux of 170 Mg d 1. Given the deeper exsolution of carbon dioxide from magma, and its lower solubility in hydro-thermal systems, relative to SO2, the ability to remotely measure CO2 fluxes is significant, with promise to provide more profound geochemical insights, and earlier eruption forecasts, than possible with SO2 fluxes alone: the most ubiquitous current source of remotely sensed volcanic gas data.331 46 - PublicationRestrictedRates of carbon dioxide plume degassing from Mount Etna volcano(2006)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Aiuppa, A.; Dipartimento Chimica e Fisica della Terra ed Applicazioni, Universita di Palermo, Palermo, Italy. ;Federico, C.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;Giudice, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;Gurrieri, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;Liuzzo, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;Shinohara, H.; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Geological Survey of Japan, Tsukuba, Japan. ;Favara, R.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;Valenza, M.; Dipartimento Chimica e Fisica della Terra ed Applicazioni, Universita di Palermo, Palermo, Italy.; ; ; ; ; ; ; We report here on the real-time measurement of CO2 and SO2 concentrations in the near-vent volcanic gas plume of Mount Etna, acquired by the use of a field portable gas analyzer during a series of periodic field surveys on the volcano’s summit. During the investigated period (September 2004 to September 2005), the plume CO2/SO2 ratio ranged from 1.9 to 10.8, with contrasting composition for Northeast and Voragine crater plumes. Scaling the above CO2/SO2 ratios by UV spectroscopy determined SO2 emission rates, we estimate CO2 emission rates from the volcano in the range 0.9–67.5 kt d 1 (average, 9 kt d 1). About 2 kt of CO2 were emitted daily on average during quiescent passive degassing, whereas CO2 emission rates from Etna’s summit were 10–40 times larger during the 2004–2005 effusive event (with a cumulative CO2 release of 3800 kt during the 6 months of the eruption). Such a syneruptive increase, ascribed to the replenishment of the shallow (<6 km) volcanic plumbing system by CO2-rich (0.25 wt %) more primitive magmas, supports the potential of CO2 output rates as key parameters for volcanic hazard assessment.671 64 - PublicationOpen AccessWavelet-based filtering and prediction of soil CO2 flux: Example from Etna volcano (Italy)(2022)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; In this work, we propose a wavelet-based filtering for soil CO2 flux time series. The filter relies on the detection of the periodic components achieved by means of the long-term time-frequency characterization of the time series. For this purpose, we exploited the vast data set coming from the monitoring network installed at Mt. Etna volcano (Italy). The network provides hourly measure of CO2 flux together with the measure of the climatic variables. These data allow to investigate the relationships between CO2 time series and the potentially influencing meteorological factors. This has been assessed calculating the wavelet coherence between CO2 time series against air temperatures, atmospheric pressure, and relative humidity in all the sites where these information were available. Results highlight the occurrence of marked cycles at about ∼1 year for the most of the sites while shorter cycles occur only at some sites. From these cycles a periodic signal can be calculated, and therefore opportunely removed from the time CO2 series to enhance the volcano-related anomalies. We found also common cycles among CO2 and the climatic variables, which synchronicity is constant over time but it is site-specific. Starting from this consideration, we calculated a reference signal for CO2 combining analytically the temperature, the pressure, and the humidity cycles: this model of the climatic effect has been used to predict the seasonal trend of the CO2 output.558 11