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Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Seconda Università di Napoli, Via Vivaldi 47, Caserta, Italy
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- PublicationOpen AccessMarine response to climate changes during the last five millennia in the central Mediterranean Sea(2016)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; We present a high-resolution paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental reconstruction of the last five millennia from a shallow water marine sedimentary record from the central Tyrrhenian Sea (Gulf of Gaeta) using planktonic foraminifera, pollen, oxygen stable isotope, tephrostratigrapy and magnetostratigrapy. This multiproxy approach allows to evidence and characterize nine time intervals associated with archaeological/cultural periods: Eneolithic (base of the core–ca. 2410 BCE), Early Bronze Age (ca. 2410 BCE–ca. 1900 BCE), Middle Bronze Age–Iron Age (ca. 1900 BCE–ca. 500 BCE), Roman Period (ca. 500 BCE–ca. 550 CE), Dark Age (ca. 550 CE–ca. 860 CE), Medieval Climate Anomaly (ca. 860 CE–ca. 1250 CE), Little Ice Age (ca. 1250 CE–ca. 1850 CE), Industrial Period (ca. 1850 CE–ca. 1950 CE), Modern Warm Period (ca. 1950 CE–present day). The reconstructed climatic evolution in the investigated sedimentary succession is coherent with the short-term climate variability documented at the Mediterranean scale. By integrating the planktonic foraminiferal turnover from carnivorous to herbivorous–opportunistic species, the oxygen isotope record and the pollen distribution, we document important modification from the onset of the Roman Period to the present-day. From ca. 500 CE upwards the documentation of the cooling trend punctuated by climate variability at secular scale evidenced by the short-term δ18O is very detailed. We hypothesise that the present day warm conditions started from the end of cold Maunder event. Additionally, we provide that the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) directly affected the central Mediterranean region during the investigated time interval.310 113 - PublicationRestrictedIntegrated stratigraphy for the Late Quaternary in the eastern Tyrrhenian Sea(2013)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Lirer, F.; Istituto per l’Ambiente Marino Costiero (IAMC) e CNR, Calata Porta di Massa, Interno Porto di Napoli, 80133 Napoli, Italy ;Sprovieri, M.; Istituto per l’Ambiente Marino Costiero (IAMC) e CNR, Via del Faro 3, Torretta Granitola (Fraz. Campobello di Mazara, Tp) 91021, Italy ;Ferraro, L.; Istituto per l’Ambiente Marino Costiero (IAMC) e CNR, Calata Porta di Massa, Interno Porto di Napoli, 80133 Napoli, Italy ;Vallefuoco, M.; Istituto per l’Ambiente Marino Costiero (IAMC) e CNR, Calata Porta di Massa, Interno Porto di Napoli, 80133 Napoli, Italy ;Capotondi, L.; Istituto Scienze Marine, ISMAR e CNR, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy ;Cascella, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia ;Petrosino, P.; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e Università degli Studi “Federico II” di Napoli. Largo S. Marcellino 10, 80138 Napoli, Italy ;Insinga, D. D.; Istituto per l’Ambiente Marino Costiero (IAMC) e CNR, Calata Porta di Massa, Interno Porto di Napoli, 80133 Napoli, Italy ;Pelosi, N.; Istituto per l’Ambiente Marino Costiero (IAMC) e CNR, Calata Porta di Massa, Interno Porto di Napoli, 80133 Napoli, Italy ;Tamburrino, S.; Istituto per l’Ambiente Marino Costiero (IAMC) e CNR, Calata Porta di Massa, Interno Porto di Napoli, 80133 Napoli, Italy ;Lubritto, C.; Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Seconda Università di Napoli, Via Vivaldi 47, Caserta, Italy; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; A high-resolution integrated stratigraphy is presented for the Late Quaternary in the southern-eastern Tyrrhenian Sea. It is based on calcareous plankton taxa (planktonic foraminifera and nannoplankton) distribution, d18OGlobigerinoides ruber record, tephrostratigraphy and radiometric dating methods (210Pb and 137Cs, AMS 14C) for a composite sediment core (from the top to the bottom, C90-1m, C90 and C836) from the continental shelf of the Salerno Gulf. High sedimentation rates from ca 1 cm/100 y for the early Holocene, to 3.45 cm/100 y for the middle Holocene to 8.78 cm/100 y from late Holocene and to 20 cm/100 y for the last 600 AD, make this area an ideal marine archive of secular paleoclimate changes. Quantitative distributional trend in planktonic foraminifera identify seven known (1Fe7F) eco-biozones, and several auxiliary bioevents of high potential for Mediterranean biostratigraphic correlation. Recognised were: the acme distribution of Neogloboquadrina pachyderma r.c. between 10.800 0.400 ka BP and 5.500 0.347 ka BP, a strong increase in abundance of Globorotalia truncatulinoides r.c. and l.c. at 5.500 0.347 ka BP and at 4.571 0.96 ka BP, respectively, an acme interval of Globigerinoides quadrilobatus (between 3.702 0.048 ka BP and 2.70 0.048 ka BP) and the acme/paracme intervals of T. quinqueloba (acme between 3.350 0.054 ka BP and 1.492 0.016 ka BP; paracme between 1.492 0.016 ka BP and 0.657 0.025 ka BP; acme beginning 0.657 0.025 ka BP). These results, integrated with trends of selected calcareous nannofossil species (Florisphaera profunda, Brarudosphaera bigelowii, Gephyrocapsa oceanica and Emiliania huxleyi) and d18OG. ruber signature, are consistent with the most important pre-Holocene and early Holocene paleoclimatic and paleoceanographic phases i.e., the BöllingeAllerod, the Younger Dryas and the time interval of Sapropel S1 deposition in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. These features revealed the high potential of this shallow water environment for high-resolution stratigraphy and correlation for the western Mediterranean. In addition, the chemical characterization of seven tephra layers supplied further data about the age and the dispersal area of some well-known Campi Flegrei explosive events, inferring the possible occurrence of explosive activity at Vesuvius around the middle of the 6th century, and contributing to refine the tephrostratigraphic framework for the last 15 ka in the south-eastern Tyrrhenian Sea.428 23