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Modelling and groundwater management of a karstic coastal aquifer: the case of Salento (Apulia, Italy)
Type
Conference paper
Language
English
Obiettivo Specifico
4.4. Scenari e mitigazione del rischio ambientale
Status
Published
Conference Name
Issued date
June 2012
Conference Location
Armacao dos Buzios (Brazil)
Abstract
The coastal karst aquifers are known to be highly vulnerable to anthropogenic and natural changes, and in particular to the overexploitation of groundwater resources. The high degree of vulnerability is due to their intrinsic characteristics, anthropogenic pollution, and the effects seawater intrusion. The progressive population concentration in coastal areas and the increasing discharge overlapped to peculiarities of karstic coastal aquifers constitute a huge worldwide problem, particularly relevant for coastal aquifers of the Mediterranean basin. In Italy, Apulia, with its coastline extending over 800 km, is the region with the largest coastal karst aquifers. The predominant karstic Apulian features make the region extremely poor of surface water resources and rich of high quality groundwater resources. These resources still allow the social and economic development of population, improving agricultural and tourist opportunities. The continuous increasing well discharge causes or contributes to the groundwater quality degradation, often making the groundwater unusable for irrigation and drinking (Polemio et al. 2009). The strategic importance of groundwater resources and its wise management for Apulian population is due to these risks (Cotecchia and Polemio 1998, Margiotta and Negri 2005). The aim of this study is to define the efficacy of existing management tools and to develop predictive scenarios to identify the best way to reconcile irrigation and drinking water demands with enduring availability of high quality groundwater. The Salento (Salentine Peninsula), was selected being the Apulian aquifer portion exposed to the highest risk of quality degradation due to seawater intrusion.
References
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Calò G., Gnoni R., Stani M., (1992); Caratteri idrogeologici delle falde superficiali della Penisola salentina e valutazione della vulnerabilità degli aquiferi, Amministrazione Provinciale di Lecce.
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Cotecchia V., Daurù M., Limoni P.P., Mitolo D., Polemio M., (2002); La valutazione della vulnerabilità integrata negli aquiferi: la sperimentazione nell’area campione di Corigliano nel salento. Acque sotterranee, XIX, 77, 9-20.
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Margiotta S., Negri S., (2005); Geophysical and stratigraphical research into deep groundwater and intruding seawater in the mediterranean area (the Salento Peninsula, Italy), Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 5: 127-136.
McDonald M.G., Harbaugh A.W. (1988); A modular three dimensional finite difference groundwater flow model. US Geological Survey Techniques of water resources investigations, Book 6, Chapter A1.
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Polemio M., Di Cagno M., Virga R., (2000); Le acque sotterranee del Gargano: risorse idriche integrative e di emergenza; Acque Sotterranee, 68, 41-58.
Polemio M., Dragone V., Limoni P.P., (2009); Monitoring and methods to analyse the groundwater quality degradation risk in coastal karstic aquifers (Apulia, Southern Italy), Environ. Geol. 58: 299-312.
Polemio, M., Dragone, V. and Limoni P.P. (2011); La disponibilità di acque sotterranee in Puglia negli ultimi 80 anni. In: Le modificazioni climatiche e i rischi naturali, edited by M. Polemio, pp. 201-204, CNR IRPI, Bari, Italy.
Scanlon B.R., Mace R.E., Barrett M. E., Smith B., (2003); Can we simulate regional groundwater flow in karst system using equivalent porous media? Case study Barton Springs Edwards aquifer, USA, journal of Hydrology, 276 137-158.
Schwarz F.W., Smith L.; (1988); A continuum approach for modelling mass transport in fractured media. Water resource Res., 24 (8) 1360-1372.
Zheng C., Wang P.P., (1998); MT3DMS, a modular three dimensional multispecies transport model for simulation of advection, dispersion and chemical reactions of contaminants in groundwater systems. Vicksburg, Mississipi Waterways Experiment Station, US Army Corps of Engineers.
Calò G., Gnoni R., Stani M., (1992); Caratteri idrogeologici delle falde superficiali della Penisola salentina e valutazione della vulnerabilità degli aquiferi, Amministrazione Provinciale di Lecce.
Cotecchia V., (1979); Survey and monitoring groundwater in salinity problems in steams using automatic radioisotope gauges, J. Hydrogeology, 47, UNESCO IHP Project 5.6.
Cotecchia V., Polemio M., (1998); Apulian groundwater (southern Italy) salt pollution monitoring network, 15° SWIM, Salt Water Intrusion Meeting, Ghent (Belgium) , 25-26 May.
Cotecchia V., Daurù M., Limoni P.P., Mitolo D., Polemio M., (2002); La valutazione della vulnerabilità integrata negli aquiferi: la sperimentazione nell’area campione di Corigliano nel salento. Acque sotterranee, XIX, 77, 9-20.
Dufrense D.P., Drake C.W., (1999); Regional groundwater flow model costruction and wellfield site selection in a karst area, Lake City, Florida, engineer geology,52, 129-139
Langevin C.D., Shoemaker W.B., Guo W., (2003); MODFLOW 2000: the US Geological Survey modular groundwater model. Documentation of SEAWAT 2000 version with the variable density flow process (VDF) and the integrated MT3DMS transport process (IMT), US Geol. Survey Open-File Report 03-426.
Margiotta S., Negri S., (2005); Geophysical and stratigraphical research into deep groundwater and intruding seawater in the mediterranean area (the Salento Peninsula, Italy), Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 5: 127-136.
McDonald M.G., Harbaugh A.W. (1988); A modular three dimensional finite difference groundwater flow model. US Geological Survey Techniques of water resources investigations, Book 6, Chapter A1.
Polemio M., Casarano D., (2008); Climate change, drought and groundwater availability in southern Italy. In Dragoni, W., and Sukhija, B.S., eds., Climate Change and Groundwater, Volume 288: Special Publications: London, The Geological Society, p. 39-51.
Polemio M., Di Cagno M., Virga R., (2000); Le acque sotterranee del Gargano: risorse idriche integrative e di emergenza; Acque Sotterranee, 68, 41-58.
Polemio M., Dragone V., Limoni P.P., (2009); Monitoring and methods to analyse the groundwater quality degradation risk in coastal karstic aquifers (Apulia, Southern Italy), Environ. Geol. 58: 299-312.
Polemio, M., Dragone, V. and Limoni P.P. (2011); La disponibilità di acque sotterranee in Puglia negli ultimi 80 anni. In: Le modificazioni climatiche e i rischi naturali, edited by M. Polemio, pp. 201-204, CNR IRPI, Bari, Italy.
Scanlon B.R., Mace R.E., Barrett M. E., Smith B., (2003); Can we simulate regional groundwater flow in karst system using equivalent porous media? Case study Barton Springs Edwards aquifer, USA, journal of Hydrology, 276 137-158.
Schwarz F.W., Smith L.; (1988); A continuum approach for modelling mass transport in fractured media. Water resource Res., 24 (8) 1360-1372.
Zheng C., Wang P.P., (1998); MT3DMS, a modular three dimensional multispecies transport model for simulation of advection, dispersion and chemical reactions of contaminants in groundwater systems. Vicksburg, Mississipi Waterways Experiment Station, US Army Corps of Engineers.
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