Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
http://hdl.handle.net/2122/6397
DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.authorall | Nielsen, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia | en |
dc.contributor.authorall | Olsen, K.; Ist. for Crustal Studies, UNiversity of California, Santa Barbara | en |
dc.date.accessioned | 2010-12-16T10:55:28Z | en |
dc.date.available | 2010-12-16T10:55:28Z | en |
dc.date.issued | 2000 | en |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/2122/6397 | en |
dc.description.abstract | We have simulated several scenarios of dynamic rupture propagation for the 1994 Northridge, California, earthquake, using a three-dimensional finite-difference method. The simulations use a rate- and slip-weakening friction law, starting from a range of initial conditions of stress and frictional parameters. A critical balance between initial conditions and friction parameters must be met in order to obtain a moment as well as a final slip distribution in agreement with kinematic slip inversion results. We find that the rupture process is strongly controlled by the average stress and connectivity of high-stress patches on the fault. In particular, a strong connectivity of the high-stress patches is required in order to promote the rupture propagation from the initial nucleation to the remaining part of the fault. Moreover, we find that a small amount of rate-weakening is needed in order to obtain a level of inhomogeneity in the final slip, similar to that obtained in the kinematic inversion results. However, when the amount of rate-weakening is increased, the overall moment drops dramatically unless the average prestress is raised to unrealistic levels. A velocity-weakening parameter on the order of 10 cm per second is found to be adequate for an average prestress of about a hundred bars. The presence of the free surface and of the uppermost low-impedance layers in the model are found to have negligible influence on the rupture dynamics itself, because the top of the fault is at a depth of several kilometers. The 0.1–0.5 Hz radiated waves from the dynamic simulation provides a good fit to strong motion data at sites NWH and SSA. Underprediction of the recorded peak amplitude at JFP is likely due to omission of near-surface low velocity and 3-D basin effects in the simulations. | en |
dc.language.iso | English | en |
dc.publisher.name | Birkhauser | en |
dc.relation.ispartof | Pure and Applied Geophysics | en |
dc.relation.ispartofseries | /157 (2000) | en |
dc.subject | stress drop | en |
dc.subject | slip pulses | en |
dc.title | Constraints on stress and friction from dynamic rupture models of the 1994 Northridge, California, earthquake | en |
dc.type | article | en |
dc.description.status | Published | en |
dc.type.QualityControl | Peer-reviewed | en |
dc.description.pagenumber | 2029-2046 | en |
dc.subject.INGV | 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics | en |
dc.description.obiettivoSpecifico | 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti | en |
dc.description.journalType | JCR Journal | en |
dc.description.fulltext | reserved | en |
dc.contributor.author | Nielsen, S. | en |
dc.contributor.author | Olsen, K. | en |
dc.contributor.department | Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia | en |
dc.contributor.department | Ist. for Crustal Studies, UNiversity of California, Santa Barbara | en |
item.openairetype | article | - |
item.cerifentitytype | Publications | - |
item.languageiso639-1 | en | - |
item.grantfulltext | restricted | - |
item.openairecristype | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_18cf | - |
item.fulltext | With Fulltext | - |
crisitem.author.dept | Durham University, Durham, UK | - |
crisitem.author.dept | Department of Geological Sciences, San Diego State University | - |
crisitem.author.orcid | 0000-0002-9214-2932 | - |
crisitem.classification.parent | 04. Solid Earth | - |
crisitem.department.parentorg | Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia | - |
Appears in Collections: | Article published / in press |
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