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Low-pH waters discharging from submarine vents at Panarea Island (Aeolian Islands, southern Italy) after the 2002 gas blast: origin of hydrothermal fluids and implications for volcanic surveillance
Author(s)
Language
English
Obiettivo Specifico
Status
Published
JCR Journal
JCR Journal
Peer review journal
Yes
Title of the book
Issue/vol(year)
2/24 (2009)
Publisher
Elsevier
Pages (printed)
246-254
Issued date
2009
Keywords
Abstract
A geochemical survey of thermal waters collected from submarine vents at Panarea Island (Aeolian Islands, southern Italy) was carried out from December 2002 to March 2007, in order to investigate i) the geochemical processes controlling the chemical composition of the hydrothermal fluids and ii) the possible relations between the chemical features of the hydrothermal reservoir and the activity of the magmatic system. Compositional data of the thermal water samples were integrated in a hydrological conceptual model, which describes the formation of the vent fluid by mixing of seawater, seawater concentrated by boiling, and a deep, highly-saline end-member, whose composition is regulated by water-rock interactions at relatively high temperature and shows clear clues of magmatic-related inputs. The chemical composition of concentrated seawater was assumed to be represented by that of the water sample having the highest Mg content. The composition of the deep end-member was instead calculated by extrapolation assuming a zero-Mg end-member. The Na–K–Ca geothermometer, when applied to the thermal end-member composition, indicated an equilibrium temperature of approximately 300 °C, a temperature in agreement with the results obtained by gas-geothermometry.
References
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Caliro, S., Caracausi, A., Chiodini, G., Ditta, M., Italiano, F., Longo, M., Minopoli, C., Nuccio, P.M., Paonita, A., Rizzo, A., 2004. Evidence of a new magmatic input to the quiescent volcanic edifice of Panarea, Aeolian Islands, Italy. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L07619. doi:10.1029/2003GL019359.
Capaccioni, B., Tassi, F., Vaselli, D., Tedesco, D., Rossi, P.M.L., 2005. The November 2002 degassing event at Panarea Island, Italy: the results of a 5 months geochemical monitoring program. Ann. Geophys., 48, 755-765.
Capaccioni, B., Tassi, F., Vaselli, O., Tedesco, D., Poreda, R., 2007. Submarine gas burst at Panarea Island, southern Italy, on November 3, 2002: a magmatic versus hydrothermal episode. J. Geophys. Res., 112, B05201, doi:10.1029/2006JB004359.
Caracausi, A., Ditta, M., Italiano, F., Longo, M., Nuccio, P.M., Paonita, A., Rizzo, A., 2005. Changes in fluid geochemistry and physico-chemical conditions of geothermal systems caused by magmatic input: the recent abrupt outgassing off the island of Panarea, Aeolian Islands, Italy. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 69, 3045-3059.
Caramanna, G., Bortoluzzi, G., Cardellini, F., Cinti, Daniele, Galli, G., Pizzino, L., Quattrocchi, F., Voltattorni, N., 2004. Geochemical and geomorphological study of some submarine volcanic gas vents around the island of Panarea, Aeolian Islands, southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy. 32nd Internat. Geol. Congress, 20-28 August, Florence, Italy.
Caramanna, G., Voltattorni, N., Caramanna, L., Cinti, D., Galli, G., Pizzino, L., Quattrocchi, F., 2006. Scientific diving techniques applied to the geomorphological and geochemical study of some submarine volcanic gas vents, Aeolian Islands, Southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy. American Academy of Underwater Science 24th Annual Diving for Science Symposium, U. Conn. Sea Grant, CTSG-06-03, pp. 245.
Chiodini, G., Avino, R., Caliro, S., Granieri, D., Monopoli, C., Moretti, R., Perrotta, L., Russo, M., 2003. Relazione sulle emissioni gassose antistanti l’isola di Panarea, Novembre-Dicembre 2002. Istituto Nazionale Geofisica e Vulcanologia report. Available at http://www.ov.ingv.it/ (in Italian).
Cronan, D.S., Varnavas, S.P., 1993. Submarine fumarolic and hydrothermal activity off Milos, Hellenic Volcanic Arc. Terra Abstracts, 5, 569.
Dando, P.R., Hughes, J.A., Thiermann, F., 1995. Preliminary observations on biological communities at shallow hydrothermal vents in the Aegean Sea. In: Hydrothermal Vents and Processes, Parson, P.R., et al. (Eds.), Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 87, 303– 317.
Dando, P.R., Stüben, D., Varnavas, S.P., 1999. Hydrothermalism in the Mediterranean, Sea. Progress in Oceanography, 44, 333-367.
D’Austria, L.S., 1895. Doe Liparischen Inseln vierter Helft: Panaris. Paino, P. (Ed.), Lipari, Italy.
De Astis, G., Ventura, G., Vilardo, G., 2003. Geodynamic significance of the Eolian volcanism, Southern Tyrrhenian sea, Italy, in light of structural, seismological and geochemical data. Tectonics, 22, 1040, doi:10.1029/2003TC001506.
De Dolomieu, D., 1783. Voyage aux iles de Lipari. Fait en 1782. Registres de l’Academie des Sciences. Voyages aux îles de Lipari fait en 1781, ou notice sur les Iles Aeoliennes pour servir à l'histoire des volcans. Serpente, Paris, pp. 208.
De Lange, G.J., Middelburg, J.J., Van Der Weijden, C.H., Catalano, G., Luther, G.W., Hydes, D.J., Woittez, J.R.W., Klinkhammer, G., 1990. Composition of anoxic hypersaline brines in the Tyro and Bannock basins, Eastern Mediterranean. Mar. Chem., 31, 63-88.
Dumas, A., 1860. Dove il vento suona. Viaggio nelle isole Eolie. Pungitopo (Eds.), Marina di Patti (Messina), Italy.
Edmond, J.M., Measures, C., McDuff, R., Chan, L.H., Collier, R., Grant, B., Gordon, L.I., Corliss, J.B., 1979. Ridge crest hydrothermal activity and the balances of the major and minor elements in the ocean: the Galapagos data. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 46, 1-18.
Ellis, A.J., Mahon, W.A.J., 1977. Chemistry and geothermal systems. Academic Press, New York, pp. 392.
Esposito, A., Giordano, G., Anzidei, M., 2006. The 2002–2003 submarine gas eruption at Panarea volcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy: Volcanology of the seafloor and implications for the hazard scenario. Mar. Geol., 227, 119-134.
Fitzsimons, M.F., Dando, P.R., Hughes, J.A., Thiermann, F., Akoumianaki, I., Pratt, S.M., 1997. Submarine hydrothermal brine seeps of Milos, Greece: observations and geochemistry. Mar. Chem. 57, 325-340.
Fouillac, C., Michard, G., 1981. Sodium/lithium ratio in water applied to the geothermometry of geothermal waters. Geothermics, 10, 55-70.
Fournier, R.O., 1991. Water geothermometers applied to geothermal energy. In: Application of Geochemistry in Geothermal Reservoir Development, D’Amore F. (Ed.), UNITAR, New York, 37-69.
Gabbianelli, G., Gillot, P.V., Lanzafame, G., Romagnoli, C., Rossi, P.L., 1990. Tectonic and volcanic evolution of Panarea, Aeolian islands, Italy. Mar. Geol., 92, 313-326.
Gabbianelli, G., Romagnoli, C., Rossi, P.L., Calanchi, N., 1993. Marine geology of the Panarea-Stromboli area. Eolian Archipelago, Southeastern, Tyrrhenian sea. Acta Vulcanol., 3, 11-20.
Gamberi, F., Marani, P.M., Savelli, C., 1997. Tectonic, volcanic and hydrothermal features of submarine portion of Eolian Arc (Tyrrhenian sea). Mar. Geology, 140, 167-181.
Gasparini, P., Iannaccone, G., Scandone, P., Scarpa, R., 1982. The seismotectonics of the Calabrian Arc. Tectonophysics, 84, 267-286.
Giggenbach, W.F., 1975. A simple method for the collection and analysis of volcanic gas samples. Bull. Volcanol., 39, 132-145.
Giggenbach, W.F., 1980. Geothermal gas equilibria. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 44, 2021-2032.
Giggenbach, W.K., 1987. Redox processes governing the chemistry of fumarolic gas discharges from White Island, New Zealand. Appl. Geochem., 2, 143-161.
Giggenbach, W.F., 1988. Geothermal solute equilibria. Derivation of Na–K–Mg–Ca geoindicators. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 52, 2749–2765.
Giggenbach, W.F., 1991. Chemical techniques in geothermal exploration. In: Application of Geochemistry in Geothermal Reservoir Development, D’Amore F. (Ed.), UNITAR, New York, 253-273.
Hoaki, T., Nishijima, M., Miyashita, H., Maruyama, T., 1995. Dense community of hyperthermophilic sulfur-dependent heterotrophs in a geothermally heated shallow submarine biotope near Kodakara-Jima Island Kagoshima, Japan. Appl. Environ. Microbial. 61, 1931-1937.
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