Options
Birth, growth and morphologic evolution of the `Laghetto´ cinder cone during the 2001 Etna eruption
Language
English
Status
Published
Peer review journal
Yes
Title of the book
Issue/vol(year)
2-3/132(2004)
Publisher
Elsevier
Pages (printed)
225-239
Issued date
April 30, 2004
Abstract
We have undertaken detailed observations of the formation of the `Laghetto´ cinder cone, a new cone that formed during a 2-week period of intense activity in Piano del Lago, on the upper slopes of Mount Etna in summer 2001. We describe the events leading to the formation of a small graben, the formation of pit craters on the base of the graben, the onset of phreatomagmatic activity, a transition to intense Strombolian activity, and a return to phreatomagmatic activity as the eruption came to an end. We discuss the reasons for these transitions, and describe the morphological development of the cone during these events. Arcuate cracks on the southern part of the cone were related to withdrawal of magma at the end of the eruption. Other slope instabilities that developed during the eruption include the formation of small radial grain flows on the outer flanks of the cone and the collapse into the crater of part of the crater rim. Some of the failure planes we observed were first identified using a FLIR TM 695 thermal infrared camera. This is the first time that infrared thermography has been used to detect instability of volcanic structures. Results obtained during this test case demonstrate that thermal cameras are a very useful tool for studies of volcanic instability.
References
Andronico, D., Branca S., Del Carlo P., "The 18.7 ka phreatomagmatic flank eruption on Etna (Italy): relationship between eruptive activity and sedimentary basement setting", Terra Nova, Volume: 13, (2001), pp. 235-240 CrossRef
Brown, S.J.A., Smith R.T., Cole J.W., Houghton B.F., "Compositional and textural characteristics of the Strombolian and Surtseyan K-Trig basalts, Taupo-Volcanic-Center, New-Zealand - implications for eruption dynamics", N.Z. J. Geol. Geophys., Volume: 37, (1994), pp. 113-126
Calvari, S., Groppelli G., Pasquaré G., "Preliminary geological data on the south-western wall of the Valle del Bove, Mount Etna, Sicily", Acta Vulcanol., Volume: 5, (1994), pp. 15-30
Calvari, Calvari, S., Pinkerton, H., 2002. Instabilities in the summit region of Mount Etna during the 1999 eruption. Bull. Volcanol. 63, 526–535, DOI 10.1007/s004450100171.
Calvari, S., the scientific staff of I.N.G.V. – Sezione di Catania, 2001. Multidisciplinary approach yields insight into Mt. Etna 2001 eruption. EOS Trans. AGU 82, 653–656.
Clocchiatti, R., Metrich N., "Témoignages de la contamination dans les produits des éruptions explosives des M. Silvestri (1892) et M. Rossi (1669) (M. Etna)", Bull. Volcanol. Fr., Volume: 47, (1984), pp. 909-928 CrossRef
De Rita, D., Frazzetta G., Romano R., "The Biancavilla-Montalto ignimbrite (Etna, Sicily)", Bull. Volcanol., Volume: 53, (1991), pp. 121-131
Flynn, L.P., Mouginis-Mark P.J., Gradie J.C., Lucey P.G., "Radiative temperature measurements at Kupaianaha Lava Lake, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii", J. Geophys. Res., Volume: 98, (1993), pp. 6461-6476
Hooper, D.M., Sheridan M.F., "Computer-simulation models of scoria cone degradation", J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., Volume: 83, (1998), pp. 241-267 Bibliographic Page Full text
Houghton, B.F., Schmincke H.U., "Rothenberg scoria cone, East Eifel: a complex Strombolian and phreatomagmatic volcano", Bull. Volcanol., Volume: 52, (1989), pp. 28-48 CrossRef
Houghton, B.F., Wilson C.J.N., Smith I.E.M., "Shallow-seated controls on styles of explosive basaltic volcanism: a case study from New Zealand", J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., Volume: 91, (1999), pp. 97-120 Bibliographic Page Full text
Kienle, J., Kyle P.R., Self S., Motyka R.J., Lorenz V., "Ukinrek Maars, Alaska, I. April 1977 eruption sequence, petrology and tectonic setting", J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., Volume: 7, (1980), pp. 11-37 CrossRef
Luhr, J.F., Simkin, T., 1995. Paricutin: The Volcano Born in a Mexican Cornfield. Geoscience Press, Phoenix, AZ. Published in association with Smithsonian Institution, 427 pp.
Murray, J.B., 1980. Changes in the North-East Crater region 1976-78. UK Research on Mount Etna, 1977-1979. The Royal Society, pp. 37–42.
Pinkerton, H., James M., Jones A., "Surface temperature measurements of active lava flows on Kilauea Volcano Hawaii", J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., Volume: 113, (2002), pp. 159-176 Bibliographic Page Full text
Taddeucci, J., Pompilio M., Scarlato P., "Monitoring the explosive activity of the July-August 2001 eruption of Mt. Etna (Italy) by ash characterization", Geophys. Res. Lett., Volume: 29, (2002), pp. 1029-1032
Tibaldi, A., "Morphology of pyroclastic cones and tectonics", J. Geophys. Res., Volume: 100, (1995), pp. 24521-24535
Brown, S.J.A., Smith R.T., Cole J.W., Houghton B.F., "Compositional and textural characteristics of the Strombolian and Surtseyan K-Trig basalts, Taupo-Volcanic-Center, New-Zealand - implications for eruption dynamics", N.Z. J. Geol. Geophys., Volume: 37, (1994), pp. 113-126
Calvari, S., Groppelli G., Pasquaré G., "Preliminary geological data on the south-western wall of the Valle del Bove, Mount Etna, Sicily", Acta Vulcanol., Volume: 5, (1994), pp. 15-30
Calvari, Calvari, S., Pinkerton, H., 2002. Instabilities in the summit region of Mount Etna during the 1999 eruption. Bull. Volcanol. 63, 526–535, DOI 10.1007/s004450100171.
Calvari, S., the scientific staff of I.N.G.V. – Sezione di Catania, 2001. Multidisciplinary approach yields insight into Mt. Etna 2001 eruption. EOS Trans. AGU 82, 653–656.
Clocchiatti, R., Metrich N., "Témoignages de la contamination dans les produits des éruptions explosives des M. Silvestri (1892) et M. Rossi (1669) (M. Etna)", Bull. Volcanol. Fr., Volume: 47, (1984), pp. 909-928 CrossRef
De Rita, D., Frazzetta G., Romano R., "The Biancavilla-Montalto ignimbrite (Etna, Sicily)", Bull. Volcanol., Volume: 53, (1991), pp. 121-131
Flynn, L.P., Mouginis-Mark P.J., Gradie J.C., Lucey P.G., "Radiative temperature measurements at Kupaianaha Lava Lake, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii", J. Geophys. Res., Volume: 98, (1993), pp. 6461-6476
Hooper, D.M., Sheridan M.F., "Computer-simulation models of scoria cone degradation", J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., Volume: 83, (1998), pp. 241-267 Bibliographic Page Full text
Houghton, B.F., Schmincke H.U., "Rothenberg scoria cone, East Eifel: a complex Strombolian and phreatomagmatic volcano", Bull. Volcanol., Volume: 52, (1989), pp. 28-48 CrossRef
Houghton, B.F., Wilson C.J.N., Smith I.E.M., "Shallow-seated controls on styles of explosive basaltic volcanism: a case study from New Zealand", J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., Volume: 91, (1999), pp. 97-120 Bibliographic Page Full text
Kienle, J., Kyle P.R., Self S., Motyka R.J., Lorenz V., "Ukinrek Maars, Alaska, I. April 1977 eruption sequence, petrology and tectonic setting", J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., Volume: 7, (1980), pp. 11-37 CrossRef
Luhr, J.F., Simkin, T., 1995. Paricutin: The Volcano Born in a Mexican Cornfield. Geoscience Press, Phoenix, AZ. Published in association with Smithsonian Institution, 427 pp.
Murray, J.B., 1980. Changes in the North-East Crater region 1976-78. UK Research on Mount Etna, 1977-1979. The Royal Society, pp. 37–42.
Pinkerton, H., James M., Jones A., "Surface temperature measurements of active lava flows on Kilauea Volcano Hawaii", J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., Volume: 113, (2002), pp. 159-176 Bibliographic Page Full text
Taddeucci, J., Pompilio M., Scarlato P., "Monitoring the explosive activity of the July-August 2001 eruption of Mt. Etna (Italy) by ash characterization", Geophys. Res. Lett., Volume: 29, (2002), pp. 1029-1032
Tibaldi, A., "Morphology of pyroclastic cones and tectonics", J. Geophys. Res., Volume: 100, (1995), pp. 24521-24535
Type
article
File(s)
No Thumbnail Available
Name
Elsevier.html
Size
520 B
Format
HTML
Checksum (MD5)
cfc46e78b09b85b85b51d86be2771b4c
No Thumbnail Available
Name
922 Calvari & Pinkerton .pdf
Size
850.87 KB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum (MD5)
034678e72aa38f9599594059d88425e5