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High rate GPS data on active volcanoes: an application to the 2005–2006 Mt. Augustine (Alaska, USA) eruption
Author(s)
Language
English
Obiettivo Specifico
1.3. TTC - Sorveglianza geodetica delle aree vulcaniche attive
Status
Published
JCR Journal
JCR Journal
Peer review journal
Yes
Title of the book
Issue/vol(year)
2/20 (2008)
Publisher
Blackwell
Pages (printed)
134–140
Issued date
2008
Abstract
Volcanic eruptions are usually preceded by measurable signals of growing unrest, the most evident of which are the increase in
seismicity and ground deformation. It is also important to identify precursors of a possible renewal of the volcanic activity
and to distinguish between an eruptive activity characterized by an intrusion (with the related destructive power) and a migration of magma stored in the main conduits. The 2005–2006 eruption at Mt. Augustine (Alaska, USA) is a good example
of a massive migration of magmatic fluids from depth (about 1 km b.s.l.) under the effect of gas overpressure. The movements,
recorded by High Rate GPS (HRGPS) data (15 s of sampling and processing rate) from the stations deployed on the volcano, define the dimensions and the characteristics of
the shallow plumbing system. In this study, we propose a model of the different stages preceding the effusive phase (the
'precursory phase'), where gas overpressure in the body of the volcano opens the terminal conduit.
seismicity and ground deformation. It is also important to identify precursors of a possible renewal of the volcanic activity
and to distinguish between an eruptive activity characterized by an intrusion (with the related destructive power) and a migration of magma stored in the main conduits. The 2005–2006 eruption at Mt. Augustine (Alaska, USA) is a good example
of a massive migration of magmatic fluids from depth (about 1 km b.s.l.) under the effect of gas overpressure. The movements,
recorded by High Rate GPS (HRGPS) data (15 s of sampling and processing rate) from the stations deployed on the volcano, define the dimensions and the characteristics of
the shallow plumbing system. In this study, we propose a model of the different stages preceding the effusive phase (the
'precursory phase'), where gas overpressure in the body of the volcano opens the terminal conduit.
References
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Ground deformation in collapsed calderas
structures. J. Volcanol. Geotherm.
Res., 57, 19–38.
Gudmundsson, A., 2006. How local stresses
control magma-chamber ruptures,
dyke injections, and eruptions in composite
volcanoes. Earth Sci. Rev., 79, 1–
31. doi: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2006.06.006.
Gudmundsson, A. and Brenner, S.L.,
2004a. How mechanical layering affects
local stresses, unrests, and eruptions of
volcanoes. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31. doi:
10.1029/2004GL020083.
Gudmundsson, A. andBrenner, S.L., 2004b.
Local stresses, dyke arrest and surface
deformation in volcanic edifices and rift
zones. Ann. Geophys., 47, 1433–1454.
Gudmundsson, A. and Brenner, S.L., 2005.
On the conditions of sheet injections and
eruptions in stratovolcanoes. Bull. Volcanol.,
67, 768–782.
Herring, T., 2000. Global Kalman Filter
VLBI and GPS Analysis Program,
Version 5.0. Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, MA.
Izbekov, P., Wallace, K., Larsen, J., Nye,
C. and Eichelberger, J., 2006. Variations
of glass composition at the start of the
2006 eruption, Augustine volcano,
Alaska. Geol. Soc. Am. Abstr. Programs,
38, 76.
King, R. and Bock, Y., 2004. Documentation
for the GAMIT GPS Analysis Software,
Release 10.2. Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge,
MA, and Scripps Institute of Oceanography,
La Jolla, CA.
Mattia, M., Rossi, M., Guglielmino, F.,
Aloisi, M. and Bock, Y., 2004. The
shallow plumbing system of Stromboli
Islands imaged from 1 Hz instantaneous
GPS positions. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31,
L24610, doi: 10.1029/2004GL021281.
Miller, T.P., McGimsey, R.G., Richter,
D.H., Riehle, J.R., Nye, C.J., Yount,
M.E. and Dumoulin, J.A., 1998. Catalog
of the historically active volcanoes of
Alaska. U.S. Geol. Surv. Open-File Rep.,
98, 104.
Mogi, K., 1958. Relation between the
eruptions of various volcanoes and the
deformations of the ground surfaces
around them. Bull. Earth Res. Inst., 36,
99–134.
Nunnari, G., Puglisi, G. and Guglielmino,
F., 2005. Inversion of SAR data in
active volcanic areas by optimization
techniques. Nonlinear Process. Geophys.,
12, 1–8.
Okada, Y., 1985. Surface deformation due
to shear and tensile fault in half-space.
Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 75, 1135–1154.
Power, J.A., Nye, C.J., Coombs, M.L.,
Wessels, R.L., Cervelli, P.F., Dehn, J.,
Wallace, K.L., Freymueller, J.T. and
Doukas, M.P., 2006. The reawakening
of Alaska s Augustine Volcano. EOS,
87, 373–377.
Tarantola, A. and Vallette, B., 1982.
Generalized nonlinear inverse problems
solved using the least squares criterion.
Rev. Geophys. Space Phys., 20,
219–232.
Trasatti, E., Giunchi, C. and Bonafede, M.,
2003. Effects of topography and rheological
layering on ground deformation
in volcanic regions. J. Volcanol.
Geotherm. Res., 122, 89–110.
Waythomas, C.F. and Waitt, R.B., 1998.
Preliminary volcano-hazard assessment
for Augustine Volcano, Alaska.
U.S. Geol. Surv. Open-File Rep., 98–106,
46 pp.
Williams, C.A. and Wadge, G., 2000. An
accurate and efficient method for
including the effects of topography in
three-dimensional elastic models of
ground deformation with applications to
radar interferometry. J. Geophys. Res.,
105, 8103–8120.
Ground deformation in collapsed calderas
structures. J. Volcanol. Geotherm.
Res., 57, 19–38.
Gudmundsson, A., 2006. How local stresses
control magma-chamber ruptures,
dyke injections, and eruptions in composite
volcanoes. Earth Sci. Rev., 79, 1–
31. doi: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2006.06.006.
Gudmundsson, A. and Brenner, S.L.,
2004a. How mechanical layering affects
local stresses, unrests, and eruptions of
volcanoes. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31. doi:
10.1029/2004GL020083.
Gudmundsson, A. andBrenner, S.L., 2004b.
Local stresses, dyke arrest and surface
deformation in volcanic edifices and rift
zones. Ann. Geophys., 47, 1433–1454.
Gudmundsson, A. and Brenner, S.L., 2005.
On the conditions of sheet injections and
eruptions in stratovolcanoes. Bull. Volcanol.,
67, 768–782.
Herring, T., 2000. Global Kalman Filter
VLBI and GPS Analysis Program,
Version 5.0. Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, MA.
Izbekov, P., Wallace, K., Larsen, J., Nye,
C. and Eichelberger, J., 2006. Variations
of glass composition at the start of the
2006 eruption, Augustine volcano,
Alaska. Geol. Soc. Am. Abstr. Programs,
38, 76.
King, R. and Bock, Y., 2004. Documentation
for the GAMIT GPS Analysis Software,
Release 10.2. Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge,
MA, and Scripps Institute of Oceanography,
La Jolla, CA.
Mattia, M., Rossi, M., Guglielmino, F.,
Aloisi, M. and Bock, Y., 2004. The
shallow plumbing system of Stromboli
Islands imaged from 1 Hz instantaneous
GPS positions. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31,
L24610, doi: 10.1029/2004GL021281.
Miller, T.P., McGimsey, R.G., Richter,
D.H., Riehle, J.R., Nye, C.J., Yount,
M.E. and Dumoulin, J.A., 1998. Catalog
of the historically active volcanoes of
Alaska. U.S. Geol. Surv. Open-File Rep.,
98, 104.
Mogi, K., 1958. Relation between the
eruptions of various volcanoes and the
deformations of the ground surfaces
around them. Bull. Earth Res. Inst., 36,
99–134.
Nunnari, G., Puglisi, G. and Guglielmino,
F., 2005. Inversion of SAR data in
active volcanic areas by optimization
techniques. Nonlinear Process. Geophys.,
12, 1–8.
Okada, Y., 1985. Surface deformation due
to shear and tensile fault in half-space.
Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 75, 1135–1154.
Power, J.A., Nye, C.J., Coombs, M.L.,
Wessels, R.L., Cervelli, P.F., Dehn, J.,
Wallace, K.L., Freymueller, J.T. and
Doukas, M.P., 2006. The reawakening
of Alaska s Augustine Volcano. EOS,
87, 373–377.
Tarantola, A. and Vallette, B., 1982.
Generalized nonlinear inverse problems
solved using the least squares criterion.
Rev. Geophys. Space Phys., 20,
219–232.
Trasatti, E., Giunchi, C. and Bonafede, M.,
2003. Effects of topography and rheological
layering on ground deformation
in volcanic regions. J. Volcanol.
Geotherm. Res., 122, 89–110.
Waythomas, C.F. and Waitt, R.B., 1998.
Preliminary volcano-hazard assessment
for Augustine Volcano, Alaska.
U.S. Geol. Surv. Open-File Rep., 98–106,
46 pp.
Williams, C.A. and Wadge, G., 2000. An
accurate and efficient method for
including the effects of topography in
three-dimensional elastic models of
ground deformation with applications to
radar interferometry. J. Geophys. Res.,
105, 8103–8120.
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