Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/2122/2773
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dc.contributor.authorallAiuppa, A.; Università di Palermo, Dipartimento CFTAen
dc.contributor.authorallFranco, A.; Università di Palermo, Dipartimento CFTAen
dc.contributor.authorallvon Glasow, R.; Institut für Umweltphysik, University of Heidelberg, Germanyen
dc.contributor.authorallAllen, A. G.; School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UKen
dc.contributor.authorallD'Alessandro, W.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italiaen
dc.contributor.authorallMather, T. A.; Earth Science Department, University of Oxford, UKen
dc.contributor.authorallPyle, D. M.; Earth Science Department, University of Oxford, UKen
dc.contributor.authorallValenza, M.; Università di Palermo, Dipartimento CFTAen
dc.date.accessioned2007-11-07T16:21:37Zen
dc.date.available2007-11-07T16:21:37Zen
dc.date.issued2007-03-13en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2122/2773en
dc.description.abstractImproving the constraints on the atmospheric fate and depletion rates of acidic compounds persistently emitted by non-erupting (quiescent) volcanoes is important for quantitatively predicting the environmental impact of volcanic gas plumes. Here, we present new experimental data coupled with modelling studies to investigate the chemical processing of acidic volcanogenic species during tropospheric dispersion. Diffusive tube samplers were deployed at Mount Etna, a very active open-conduit basaltic volcano in eastern Sicily, and Vulcano Island, a closed-conduit quiescent volcano in the Aeolian Islands (northern Sicily). Sulphur dioxide (SO2), hydrogen sulphide (H2S), hydrogen chloride (HCl) and hydrogen fluoride (HF) concentrations in the volcanic plumes (typically several minutes to a few hours old) were repeatedly determined at distances from the summit vents ranging from 0.1 to ~10 km, and under different environmental conditions. At both volcanoes, acidic gas concentrations were found to decrease exponentially with distance from the summit vents (e.g., SO2 decreases from ~10,000 μg/m3 at 0.1 km from Etna’s vents down to ~7 _μg/m3 at ~10km distance), reflecting the atmospheric dilution of the plume within the acid gas-free background troposphere. Conversely, SO2/HCl, SO2/HF, and SO2/H2S ratios in the plume showed no systematic changes with plume aging, and fit source compositions within analytical error. Assuming that SO2 losses by reaction are small during short-range atmospheric transport within quiescent (ash-free) volcanic plumes, our observations suggest that, for these short transport distances, atmospheric reactions for H2S and halogens are also negligible. The one-dimensional model MISTRA was used to simulate quantitatively the evolution of halogen and sulphur compounds in the plume of Mt. Etna. Model predictions support the hypothesis of minor HCl chemical processing during plume transport, at least in cloud-free conditions. Larger variations in the modelled SO2/HCl ratios were predicted under cloudy conditions, due to heterogeneous chlorine cycling in the aerosol phase. The modelled evolution of the SO2/H2S ratios is found to be substantially dependent on whether or not the interactions of H2S with halogens are included in the model. In the former case, H2S is assumed to be oxidized in the atmosphere mainly by OH, which results in minor chemical loss for H2S during plume aging and produces a fair match between modelled and measured SO2/H2S ratios. In the latter case, fast oxidation of H2S by Cl leads to H2S chemical lifetimes in the early plume of a few seconds, and thus SO2 to H2S ratios that increase sharply during plume transport. This disagreement between modelled and observed plume compositions suggests that more in-detail kinetic investigations are required for a proper evaluation of H2S chemical processing in volcanic plumes.en
dc.language.isoEnglishen
dc.publisher.nameCopernicusen
dc.relation.ispartofAtmospheric Chemistry and Physicsen
dc.relation.ispartofseries7 (2007)en
dc.subjectMt. Etnaen
dc.subjectvolcanic gas plumesen
dc.subjecttropospheric processingen
dc.titleThe tropospheric processing of acidic gases and hydrogen sulphide in volcanic gas plumes as inferred from field and model investigationsen
dc.typearticleen
dc.description.statusPublisheden
dc.type.QualityControlPeer-revieweden
dc.description.pagenumber1441-1450en
dc.identifier.URLhttp://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/7/1441/2007/acp-7-1441-2007.pdfen
dc.subject.INGV01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.07. Volcanic effectsen
dc.description.obiettivoSpecifico1.2. TTC - Sorveglianza geochimica delle aree vulcaniche attiveen
dc.description.obiettivoSpecifico4.5. Degassamento naturaleen
dc.description.journalTypeJCR Journalen
dc.description.fulltextopenen
dc.contributor.authorAiuppa, A.en
dc.contributor.authorFranco, A.en
dc.contributor.authorvon Glasow, R.en
dc.contributor.authorAllen, A. G.en
dc.contributor.authorD'Alessandro, W.en
dc.contributor.authorMather, T. A.en
dc.contributor.authorPyle, D. M.en
dc.contributor.authorValenza, M.en
dc.contributor.departmentUniversità di Palermo, Dipartimento CFTAen
dc.contributor.departmentUniversità di Palermo, Dipartimento CFTAen
dc.contributor.departmentInstitut für Umweltphysik, University of Heidelberg, Germanyen
dc.contributor.departmentSchool of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UKen
dc.contributor.departmentIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italiaen
dc.contributor.departmentEarth Science Department, University of Oxford, UKen
dc.contributor.departmentEarth Science Department, University of Oxford, UKen
dc.contributor.departmentUniversità di Palermo, Dipartimento CFTAen
item.openairetypearticle-
item.cerifentitytypePublications-
item.languageiso639-1en-
item.grantfulltextopen-
item.openairecristypehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_18cf-
item.fulltextWith Fulltext-
crisitem.author.deptIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia-
crisitem.author.deptDipartimento CFTA, Universita` di Palermo-
crisitem.author.deptSchool of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK-
crisitem.author.deptSchool of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK-
crisitem.author.deptIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia-
crisitem.author.deptDepartment of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford-
crisitem.author.deptEarth Science Department, University of Oxford, UK-
crisitem.author.deptDiSTeM, Universit a degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy-
crisitem.author.orcid0000-0002-0254-6539-
crisitem.author.orcid0000-0003-1724-0388-
crisitem.author.orcid0000-0003-4259-7303-
crisitem.author.parentorgIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia-
crisitem.author.parentorgIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia-
crisitem.classification.parent01. Atmosphere-
crisitem.department.parentorgIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia-
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