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Authors: | Scalera, G. | Title: | Geodynamics of tha Wadati-Benioff zone earthquakes: The 2004 Sumatra earthquake and other great earthquakes | Journal: | Geofisica Internacional | Series/Report no.: | 1/46 (2007) | Publisher: | University of Mexico | Issue Date: | Mar-2007 | URL: | http://www.igeofcu.unam.mx/divulgacion/geofinter/2007/01/scalera.pdf | Keywords: | Geodynamics Polar Motion Great Earthquakes Volcanic eruptions Expanding Earth |
Subject Classification: | 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes | Abstract: | The displacement of the Earth’s instantaneous rotation pole – observed at ASI of Matera, Italy – the seismic data (USGS) in the two days following the main shock, the high frequency P-wave radiation, the geomorphologic data, and the satellite data of uplift/subsidence of the coasts (IGG) converge toward a new interpretation of the Great Sumatran earthquake (TU=26 December 2004 - 00h 58m, Lat=3.3°N, Lon=95.8°E, H=10 km, M=9.3) based on the second conjugate – nearly vertical – CMT fault plane solution. In a non-double-couple treatment that considers non-negligible non-elastic contributions to the earthquake phenomena, only a nearly vertical fault can explain both high values of seismic moment and the ≈3.0 mas (≈10 cm) polhody displacement toward an azimuth exactly opposite to the epicentre azimuth. Case-histories of great earthquakes are then reviewed to highlight the overall analogies. The similarity of the vertical displacements shown by these earthquakes (Chile 1960, Alaska 1964, …) leads to a common interpretation necessitating resort to a prevailing uprising of lithospheric material. This interpretation is supported by the inspection of the irregularities of the hypocentre distribution along the Wadati-Benioff zones. Moreover, in the case of great South American earthquakes, a volcanic eruptions-earthquakes correlation is clearly recognisable. A thorough revision of the pure elastic rebound model of great earthquakes occurrence and a complete overcoming of the large scale subduction concept is then needed. |
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