Options
From bottom landers to observatory networks
Issued date
2006
Issue/vol(year)
2-3/49 (2006)
Language
English
Abstract
For a long time, deep-sea investigation relied on autonomous bottom landers. Landers can vary in size from 200 kg
weight to more than 2 t for the heaviest scientific landers and are used during exploration cruises on medium periods,
from one week to some months. Today, new requirements appear. Scientists want to understand in detail the phenomena
outlined during exploration cruises, to elaborate a model for future forecasting. For this, it is necessary to deploy
instrumentation at a precise location often for a long period. A new mode of ocean science investigation using longterm
seafloor observatories to obtain four dimensional data sets has appeared. Although this concept has been proposed
for many years, the high level of investment required limits the number of projects implemented. Only multidisciplinary
programs, supported by a strong social requirement were funded. Some observatories have been deployed.
weight to more than 2 t for the heaviest scientific landers and are used during exploration cruises on medium periods,
from one week to some months. Today, new requirements appear. Scientists want to understand in detail the phenomena
outlined during exploration cruises, to elaborate a model for future forecasting. For this, it is necessary to deploy
instrumentation at a precise location often for a long period. A new mode of ocean science investigation using longterm
seafloor observatories to obtain four dimensional data sets has appeared. Although this concept has been proposed
for many years, the high level of investment required limits the number of projects implemented. Only multidisciplinary
programs, supported by a strong social requirement were funded. Some observatories have been deployed.
References
BAGLEY, P.M., I.G. PRIEDE, A.J. JAMIESON, D.M. BAILEY,
E.G. BATTLE, C. HENRIQUES and K.M. KEMP (2004):
Lander techniques for deep ocean biological research,
Underwater Technol., 26 (1), 3-12.
BERANZOLI, L., T. BRAUN, M. CALCARA, D. CALORE, R.
CAMPACI, J.-M. COUDEVILLE, A. DE SANTIS, G. ETIOPE,
P. FAVALI, F. FRUGONI, J.-L. FUDA, F. GAMBERI, F. GASPARONI,
H.W. GERBER, M. MARANI, J. MARVALDI, C.
MILLOT, P. PALANGIO, G. ROMEO and G. SMRIGLIO
(2000): GEOSTAR the first European long term
seafloor observatory, Eos, Trans. Am. Geophys. Un., 81
(5), 45-49.
BLANDIN, J., R. PERSON, J.M. STROUT, P. BRIOLE, G. ETIOPE,
M. MASSON, S. SMOLDERS, V. LYKOUSIS and G. FERENTINOS
(2003): ASSEM: a new concept of observatory applied
to long term SEabed Monitoring of geohazards, in
Proceedings of OCEAN’2003, San Diego, 349-355.
BYRNE, D. A., G.H. SUTTON, J. G. BLACKINGTON and F.K.
DUENNEBIER (1983): Isolated sensor ocean bottom sesimometer,
Mar. Geophys. Res., 5 (4), 437-449.
DAVIS, E.E., K. BECKER, T. PETIGREW, B. CARSON and R.
MACDONALD (1992): CORK: a hydrologic seal and
downhole observatory for deep ocean boreholes, Proceedings
of the Ocean Drilling Program, Init. Rep., 139
(College Station TX, Ocean Drilling Program), 45-53.
DELANEY, J. (2003): NEPTUNE: Submarine networks of
interactive laboratories at the scale of a tectonic plate;
a new paradigm in the ocean and Earth sciences, in
Proceedings of the Pacific Northwest Workshop, Portland
State University.
FAVALI, P. and L. BERANZOLI (2006): Seafloor observatory
science: a review, Ann. Geophysics, 49 (2/3), 515-567
(this volume).
FOCHER, J.P., P. HENRY and F. HARMEGNIES (1997): Longterm
Observations of Pressure and Temperature in
Hole 948D, Barbados accretionary prism, Proceedings
of the Ocean Drilling Program, Sci. Results, 156, 239-
245.
GUNNOU, C. (1988): Etude du couplage d’un sismographe
grand fonf avec le sol, Thesis Ecole des Arts et Manufactures
de Paris.
KARAGEORGIS, A.P., H.G. KABERI, A. TENGBERG, V. ZERVAKIS,
P.O.J. HALL and Ch.L. ANAGNOSTOU (2003):
Comparison of particulate matter distribution, in relation
to hydrography, in the mesotrophic Skagerrak and
the oligotrophic north-eastern Aegean Sea, Cont. Shelf
Res., 23, 1787-1809.
LAMPITT, R.S. and M.P. BURNHAM (1983): A free fall time
lapse camera and current meter system «Bathysnap»
with notes on the foraging behaviour of a bathyal decapod
shrimp, Deep-Sea Res. I, 30, 1009-1017.
MIKADA, H. (2003): Cabled Observatories in Japan-Technologies
and Scientific Achievements (on line: http://neptunepower.
apl.washington.edu/documentation/documentation.
html).
MONTAGNER, J.P., J.F. KARCZEWSKI, B. ROMANOWICZ, S.
BOUARICHA, G. ROULT, E. STUTZMANN, J.C. KOENIG
and L. FLOURY (1994): The French pilot experiment
OFM/SISMOBS: first scientific results on noise and
event detection, Phys. Earth Planet. Int., 84, 321-326.
PASCAL, G., R. PERSON and J.F. KARCZEWSKI (1986): A
Three Components Ocean Bottom Microprocessor
Based Seismometer (OI, Brighton).
PRIEDE, I.G. and P.M. BAGLEY (2000): In situ studies on
deep-sea demersal fishes using autonomous unmanned
lander platforms, Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev., 38,
357-392.
PRIEDE, I.G., J. MIENERT, R. PERSON, T.C.E.VAN WEERING,
O. PFANNKUCHE, N. O’NEILL, A. TSELEPIDES, L. THOMSEN,
P. FAVALI, F. GASPARONI, N. ZITELLINI, C. MILLOT,
H.W. GERBER and J.M.A. DE MIRANDA (2002): ESONET
– European Seafloor Observatory NETwork, in
Proceedings of the EuroGOOS 2002 Conference, 3-6
December, Athens (Greece), 291-294.
TENGBERG, A., F. DE BOVÉE, P. HALL, W. BERELSON, B.
CHADWICK, G. CICERI, P. CRASSOUS, A. DEVOL, S.
EMERSON, J. GAGE, R. GLUD, F. GRAZIOTTIN, J. GUNDERSEN,
D. HAMMOND, W. HELDER, K. HINGA, O. HOLBY,
R. JAHNKE, A. KHRIPOUNOFF, H. LIEBERMAN, V.
NUPPENAU, O. PFANNKUCHE, C. REIMERS, G. ROWE, A.
SAHAMI, F. SAYLES, M. SCHURTER, D. SMALLMAN, B.
WEHRLI and P. DE WILDE (1995): Benthic chamber and
profiling landers in oceanography – A review of design,
technical solutions and functioning, Progr.
Oceanogr., 35, 253-294.
VAN WEERING, TJ.C.E., I.R. HALL, H.C. DE STIGTER, I.N.
MCCAVE and L. THOMSEN (1998): Recent sediments,
sediment accumulation and carbon burial at Goban
Spur, N.W., European Continental Margin (47-50°N),
Progr. Oceanogr., 42, 5-35.
E.G. BATTLE, C. HENRIQUES and K.M. KEMP (2004):
Lander techniques for deep ocean biological research,
Underwater Technol., 26 (1), 3-12.
BERANZOLI, L., T. BRAUN, M. CALCARA, D. CALORE, R.
CAMPACI, J.-M. COUDEVILLE, A. DE SANTIS, G. ETIOPE,
P. FAVALI, F. FRUGONI, J.-L. FUDA, F. GAMBERI, F. GASPARONI,
H.W. GERBER, M. MARANI, J. MARVALDI, C.
MILLOT, P. PALANGIO, G. ROMEO and G. SMRIGLIO
(2000): GEOSTAR the first European long term
seafloor observatory, Eos, Trans. Am. Geophys. Un., 81
(5), 45-49.
BLANDIN, J., R. PERSON, J.M. STROUT, P. BRIOLE, G. ETIOPE,
M. MASSON, S. SMOLDERS, V. LYKOUSIS and G. FERENTINOS
(2003): ASSEM: a new concept of observatory applied
to long term SEabed Monitoring of geohazards, in
Proceedings of OCEAN’2003, San Diego, 349-355.
BYRNE, D. A., G.H. SUTTON, J. G. BLACKINGTON and F.K.
DUENNEBIER (1983): Isolated sensor ocean bottom sesimometer,
Mar. Geophys. Res., 5 (4), 437-449.
DAVIS, E.E., K. BECKER, T. PETIGREW, B. CARSON and R.
MACDONALD (1992): CORK: a hydrologic seal and
downhole observatory for deep ocean boreholes, Proceedings
of the Ocean Drilling Program, Init. Rep., 139
(College Station TX, Ocean Drilling Program), 45-53.
DELANEY, J. (2003): NEPTUNE: Submarine networks of
interactive laboratories at the scale of a tectonic plate;
a new paradigm in the ocean and Earth sciences, in
Proceedings of the Pacific Northwest Workshop, Portland
State University.
FAVALI, P. and L. BERANZOLI (2006): Seafloor observatory
science: a review, Ann. Geophysics, 49 (2/3), 515-567
(this volume).
FOCHER, J.P., P. HENRY and F. HARMEGNIES (1997): Longterm
Observations of Pressure and Temperature in
Hole 948D, Barbados accretionary prism, Proceedings
of the Ocean Drilling Program, Sci. Results, 156, 239-
245.
GUNNOU, C. (1988): Etude du couplage d’un sismographe
grand fonf avec le sol, Thesis Ecole des Arts et Manufactures
de Paris.
KARAGEORGIS, A.P., H.G. KABERI, A. TENGBERG, V. ZERVAKIS,
P.O.J. HALL and Ch.L. ANAGNOSTOU (2003):
Comparison of particulate matter distribution, in relation
to hydrography, in the mesotrophic Skagerrak and
the oligotrophic north-eastern Aegean Sea, Cont. Shelf
Res., 23, 1787-1809.
LAMPITT, R.S. and M.P. BURNHAM (1983): A free fall time
lapse camera and current meter system «Bathysnap»
with notes on the foraging behaviour of a bathyal decapod
shrimp, Deep-Sea Res. I, 30, 1009-1017.
MIKADA, H. (2003): Cabled Observatories in Japan-Technologies
and Scientific Achievements (on line: http://neptunepower.
apl.washington.edu/documentation/documentation.
html).
MONTAGNER, J.P., J.F. KARCZEWSKI, B. ROMANOWICZ, S.
BOUARICHA, G. ROULT, E. STUTZMANN, J.C. KOENIG
and L. FLOURY (1994): The French pilot experiment
OFM/SISMOBS: first scientific results on noise and
event detection, Phys. Earth Planet. Int., 84, 321-326.
PASCAL, G., R. PERSON and J.F. KARCZEWSKI (1986): A
Three Components Ocean Bottom Microprocessor
Based Seismometer (OI, Brighton).
PRIEDE, I.G. and P.M. BAGLEY (2000): In situ studies on
deep-sea demersal fishes using autonomous unmanned
lander platforms, Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev., 38,
357-392.
PRIEDE, I.G., J. MIENERT, R. PERSON, T.C.E.VAN WEERING,
O. PFANNKUCHE, N. O’NEILL, A. TSELEPIDES, L. THOMSEN,
P. FAVALI, F. GASPARONI, N. ZITELLINI, C. MILLOT,
H.W. GERBER and J.M.A. DE MIRANDA (2002): ESONET
– European Seafloor Observatory NETwork, in
Proceedings of the EuroGOOS 2002 Conference, 3-6
December, Athens (Greece), 291-294.
TENGBERG, A., F. DE BOVÉE, P. HALL, W. BERELSON, B.
CHADWICK, G. CICERI, P. CRASSOUS, A. DEVOL, S.
EMERSON, J. GAGE, R. GLUD, F. GRAZIOTTIN, J. GUNDERSEN,
D. HAMMOND, W. HELDER, K. HINGA, O. HOLBY,
R. JAHNKE, A. KHRIPOUNOFF, H. LIEBERMAN, V.
NUPPENAU, O. PFANNKUCHE, C. REIMERS, G. ROWE, A.
SAHAMI, F. SAYLES, M. SCHURTER, D. SMALLMAN, B.
WEHRLI and P. DE WILDE (1995): Benthic chamber and
profiling landers in oceanography – A review of design,
technical solutions and functioning, Progr.
Oceanogr., 35, 253-294.
VAN WEERING, TJ.C.E., I.R. HALL, H.C. DE STIGTER, I.N.
MCCAVE and L. THOMSEN (1998): Recent sediments,
sediment accumulation and carbon burial at Goban
Spur, N.W., European Continental Margin (47-50°N),
Progr. Oceanogr., 42, 5-35.
Type
article
File(s)
Loading...
Name
03 person.pdf
Size
628.07 KB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum (MD5)
2af1e94da923284261f9f52587e6af3e