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The contribution of fluid geochemistry to the volcano monitoring of Stromboli.
Language
English
Obiettivo Specifico
Status
Published
JCR Journal
JCR Journal
Peer review journal
Yes
Title of the book
Issue/vol(year)
/95(2000)
Publisher
Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.
Pages (printed)
226-245
Issued date
2000
Subjects
Keywords
Abstract
The persistent open-vent mild explosive activity of Stromboli volcano is episodically interrupted by more violent and dangerous explosive events (major explosions and paroxysms). According to the nature of erupted products, paroxysms can be related either to the explosion of overpressured gas pockets located in the proximity of the magma column or to the sudden uprise of hot, gas-rich magma from a deep part of the plumbing system. In both cases, these more energetic explosive events should be preceded by an escape or a preferential uprise of the highly mobile volatiles which, in turn, should produce gas leakage anomalies at the surface in sites of high vertical permeability, such as deep-reaching faults. In order to identify such gas leaking sites, a systematic CO2 soil flux survey has been carried out on the island using an accumulation chamber. Four hundred sixty-one points have been measured with a high density in the summit crater area, where high flux values have been found (10−3–10−2 cm/s). Anomalous points are concentrated along the main NE–SW axial feeding system of the volcano. CO2 soil flux decreases from the crater zone to the base of the volcanic cone, where, however, an interesting gas leakage anomaly occurs (Pizzillo mofette). In the Pizzillo area thermal water wells also occur, whose chemistry indicates an origin by sea water heated by hot gas. Soil gases have been sampled in the sites with the highest CO2 flux in the crater area and at the base of the cone. Chemical and isotopic analyses indicate the presence of a deep gas component especially in the crater zone samples (high CO2, appreciable contents of He and H2, 3He/4He values up to 3.55, δ13C of CO2=−2 ‰). The SC5 low-flux fumarole on the crater rim has shown, during six years, a remarkable persistence of temperature (93–95°C), with only minor fluctuations of chemistry. Appearance of anomalous peaks of H2 in correspondence with strombolian explosions was observed during a 2-h 30-min experiment of continuous recording of hydrogen content of the fumarole. Together with previous data on H2O, CO2 and He, this experiment confirms that strombolian blasts produce rapid fluctuations in the fumarolic gas composition. In the light of this study, SC5 fumarole and Pizzillo mofette look promising sites for the testing of a continuous geochemical monitoring system of Stromboli volcano.
Sponsors
Gruppo Nazionale per la Vulcanologia
CEC project “Pre-eruptive processes: Modelling and Parameterization”, contract no. ENV4-CT96-0259 (DG12–ESCY)
CEC project “Pre-eruptive processes: Modelling and Parameterization”, contract no. ENV4-CT96-0259 (DG12–ESCY)
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View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
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Google Scholar
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View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
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Data related to eruptive activity, unrest phenomena and other observations on the Italian active volcanoes in 1992, Acta Volcanol., 6 (1994), pp. 52-53
Google Scholar
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G. Capasso, S. Inguaggiato
A simple method for the determination of dissolved gases in natural waters. An application to thermal waters from Vulcano Island
Appl. Geochem., 13-5 (1998), pp. 631-642
ArticleDownload PDFView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
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G. Capasso, R. Favara, S. Inguaggiato
Chemical features and isotopic composition of gaseous manifestations on Vulcano Island, Aeolian Islands, Italy: an interpretative model of fluid circulation
Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 61 (1997), pp. 3425-3440
ArticleDownload PDFView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
Carapezza and Diliberto, 1993
M. Carapezza, L. Diliberto
Helium and CO2 soil degassing (Vulcano)
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View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
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Soil gas geochemistry: CO2
Mt. Etna: the 1989 Eruption, Giardini, Pisa (1990), pp. 62-64
View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
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G. Chiodini, F. Frondini, B. Raco
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Bull. Volcanol., 58 (1996), pp. 41-50
View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
Chiodini et al., 1998
G. Chiodini, R. Cioni, M. Guidi, B. Raco, L. Marini
Soil CO2 measurements in volcanic and geothermal areas
Appl. Geochem., 13-5 (1998), pp. 543-552
ArticleDownload PDFView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
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Acta Volcanol., 10-2 (1998), pp. 367-382
Google Scholar
Coltelli et al., 1999
M. Coltelli, M. Pompilio, P. Del Carlo
Aeolian Islands, Stromboli: volcanic activity
Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior. Italian research activity (1995–1998) report to IAVCEI, Boll. Geofis. Appl., 40-2 (1999), pp. 217-222
Google Scholar
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R.M. Ellam, A.M. Menzies, C.S. Hawkesworth, W.P. Leeman, M. Rosi, G. Serri
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Bull. Volcanol., 50 (1988), pp. 386-398
View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
Francalanci et al., 1993
L. Francalanci, P. Manetti, A. Peccerillo, J. Keller
Magmatological evolution of the Stromboli volcano (Aeolian Islands): inferences from major and trace element and Sr isotopic composition of lavas and pyroclastic rocks
Acta Volcanol., 6 (1993), pp. 127-151
View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
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I. Friedman, E.H. Denton, A.A. Roberts, G.M. Reimer
A mobile helium sniffer for petroleum, uranium and geothermal prospecting
Proc. 25th Int. Geol. Congr. Sidney, 2 (1976), pp. 443-451
View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
Gerlach and Graeber, 1985
T.M.J. Gerlach, E.J. Graeber
Volatile Budget Of Kilauea Volcano
Nature, 313 (1985), pp. 273-277
CrossRefView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
Giberti et al., 1992
G. Giberti, C. Jaupart, G. Sartoris
Steady-state operation of Stromboli Volcano, Italy: contraints on the feeding system
Bull. Volcanol., 54 (1992), pp. 535-541
View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
Gillot and Keller, 1993
P.Y. Gillot, J. Keller
Radiochronological dating of Stromboli
Acta Vulcanol., 3 (1993), pp. 69-77
View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
Hornig-Kjarsgaard et al., 1993
I. Hornig-Kjarsgaard, J. Keller, U. Koberski, E. Stadlbauer, L. Francalanci, R. Lenhart
Geology, stratigraphy and volcanological evolution of the island of Stromboli, Aeolian arc, Italy
Acta Vulcanol., 3 (1993), pp. 21-68
Google Scholar
Keller et al., 1993
J. Keller, I. Hornig-Kjarsgaard, U. Koberki, E. Stadlbauer, R. Lenhart
Geological map of the island of Stromboli
Acta Vulcanol. (1993), p. 3
View Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar
King, 1986
C.V. King
Gas geochemistry applied to earthquake prediction: an overview
J. Geophys. Res., 91 (1986), pp. 12269-12281
CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Italiano and Nuccio, 1996
F. Italiano, P.M. Nuccio
Isotopic ratios of helium in fumaroles from Vulcano Island
Data related to eruptive activity, unrest phenomena and other observations on the italian active volcanoes. Gas and water geochemistry during 1993–1995, Acta Vulcanol., 8-2 (1996), pp. 212-214
Google Scholar
Lombardi and Nappi, 1986
S. Lombardi, G. Nappi
Helium in soil gas at Lipari and Stromboli volcanoes
Per. Mineral., 65 (1986), pp. 165-176
Google Scholar
Lombardi et al., 1984
S. Lombardi, M. Di Filippo, L. Zantedeschi
Helium in Phlegrean Fields soil gases
Bull. Volcanol., 42-2 (1984), pp. 259-265
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