An Earthquake Catalog for the Lebanese Region

Abstract

The present work aims at establishing an earthquake catalog for seismic hazard assessment in Lebanon. This catalog includes two different parts: historical earthquakes and instrumental earth- quakes. The first part of the article describes the work done on the period 31 B.C.E. to the end of the nineteenth century. Numerous studies published in the last 30 yr, devoted to pre- instrumental earthquakes in Lebanon, had not been included in any parametric earthquake catalog. A thorough and critical review of these studies was devised to check their respective interpretations of available earthquake records in terms of seis- mic parameters (date, location, and size) and to select for each earthquake the most reliable interpretation. The second part provides the details on the selection of instrumental solutions for the period 1900–2015 and for magnitudes ≥ 4. From global instrumental earthquake catalogs, we build a unified earthquake catalog for Lebanon and bordering regions. A selection scheme is applied for the choice of the best location and the best magni- tude among solutions available. The number of events in the catalog is relatively small, and all earthquakes can be checked one by one. The earthquake catalog is homogenized in moment magnitude. For 89% of the events, an Mw proxy was calculated from the original magnitude, applying conversion equations. The merging of the historical and instrumental periods high- lights a specificity of this zone: the instrumental seismicity (1900–2015) corresponds to a relatively quiet period for Lebanon. The historical part, covering 2000 yr, includes similar periods of quiescence, as well as much more active periods with destructive earthquakes.