Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/2122/12984
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dc.date.accessioned2020-01-07T09:58:00Zen
dc.date.available2020-01-07T09:58:00Zen
dc.date.issued2019en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2122/12984en
dc.description.abstractThe Ilopango caldera is the source of the large Tierra Blanca Joven (TBJ) eruption that occurred about 1.5 ka years ago, between ca. AD270 and AD535. The eruption dispersed volcanic ash over much of the present territory of El Salvador, and pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) extended 40 km from the volcano. In this study, we document the physical characteristics of the deposits from all over El Salvador to further constrain the eruption processes and the intensity and magnitude of the different phases of the eruption. The succession of deposits generated by the TBJ eruption is made of 8 units. The eruption started with PDCs of hydromagmatic origin (Unit A0), followed by fallout deposits (Units A and B) that are b15 cm thick and exposed in sections close to the Ilopango caldera (within 10–15 km). The eruption, then, transitioned into a regime that generated further PDCs (Units C– F), these range from dilute to dense and they filled the depressions near the Ilopango caldera with thicknesses up to 70 m. Deposits from the co-ignimbrite plume (Unit G) are the most widespread, the deposits are found in Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and the Pacific Ocean and cm-thick across El Salvador. Modelling of the deposits suggests that column heights were 29 km and 7 km for the first two fallout phases, and that the co-ignimbrite phoenix plume rose up to 49 km. Volumes estimated for the fallout units are 0.15, 0.8 and 16 km3 dense rock equivalent (DRE) for Unit A, B and G respectively. The PDCs deposits volumes were estimated to be ~0.5, ~3.3, ~0.3 and ~9.1 km3 DRE for Units C, D, E and F, respectively. The combined volume of TBJ deposits is ~30 km3 DRE (~58 km3 bulk rock), indicating that it was one of largest Holocene eruptions from Central America. This eruption occurred while Mayan populations were living in the region and it would have had a significant im- pact on the areas within tens of kilometres of the vent for many years to decades after the eruption.en
dc.language.isoEnglishen
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Researchen
dc.relation.ispartofseries/377 (2019)en
dc.titleThe Ilopango Tierra Blanca Joven (TBJ) eruption, El Salvador: Volcano-stratigraphy and physical characterization of the major Holocene event of Central Americaen
dc.typearticleen
dc.description.statusPublisheden
dc.description.pagenumber81-102en
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2019.03.006en
dc.description.obiettivoSpecifico1V. Storia eruttivaen
dc.description.journalTypeJCR Journalen
dc.contributor.authorPedrazzi, Darioen
dc.contributor.authorSunye Puchol, Ivanen
dc.contributor.authorAguirre-Diaz, Gerardoen
dc.contributor.authorCosta, Antonioen
dc.contributor.authorSmith, Victoria C.en
dc.contributor.authorPoret, Matthieuen
dc.contributor.authorDávila Harris, Pabloen
dc.contributor.authorMiggins, Daniel P.en
dc.contributor.authorHernández, Walteren
dc.contributor.authorGutierrez, Eduardoen
dc.contributor.departmentIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Sezione Bologna, Bologna, Italiaen
dc.contributor.departmentIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Sezione Bologna, Bologna, Italiaen
item.openairetypearticle-
item.cerifentitytypePublications-
item.languageiso639-1en-
item.grantfulltextrestricted-
item.openairecristypehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_18cf-
item.fulltextWith Fulltext-
crisitem.author.deptIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Sezione Bologna, Bologna, Italia-
crisitem.author.orcid0000-0002-6869-1325-
crisitem.author.orcid0000-0002-1838-3666-
crisitem.author.orcid0000-0003-2165-361X-
crisitem.author.orcid0000-0002-4987-6471-
crisitem.author.orcid0000-0003-0392-6477-
crisitem.author.orcid0000-0002-0620-5459-
crisitem.author.orcid0000-0001-8256-8377-
crisitem.author.orcid0000-0002-5559-3419-
crisitem.author.orcid0000-0002-1216-7276-
crisitem.author.parentorgIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia-
crisitem.department.parentorgIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia-
crisitem.department.parentorgIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia-
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