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Authors: | Sgroi, Tiziana* Di Grazia, Giuseppe* Favali, Paolo* |
Title: | Volcanic tremor of Mt. Etna (Italy) recorded by NEMO-SN1 seafloor observatory: a new perspective on volcanic eruptions monitoring | Journal: | Geosciences | Series/Report no.: | /9 (2019) | Issue Date: | 5-Mar-2019 | DOI: | 10.3390/geosciences9030115 | URL: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/9/3/115 | Abstract: | The NEMO-SN1 seafloor observatory, located 2100 m below sea level and about 40 km from Mt. Etna volcano, normally records a background seismic signal called oceanographic noise. This signal is characterized by high amplitude increases, lasting up to a few days, and by two typical 0.1 and 0.3 Hz frequencies in its spectrum. Particle motion analysis shows a strong E-W directivity, coinciding with the direction of sea waves; gravity waves induced by local winds are considered the main source of oceanographic noise. During the deployment of NEMO-SN1, the vigorous 2002–2003 Mt. Etna eruption occurred. High-amplitude background signals were recorded during the explosive episodes accompanying the eruption. The spectral content of this signal ranges from 0.1 to 4 Hz, with the most powerful signal in the 0.5–2 Hz band, typical of an Etna volcanic tremor. The tremor recorded by NEMO-SN1 shows a strong NW-SE directivity towards the volcano. Since the receiver is underwater, we inferred the presence of a circulation of magmatic fluids extended under the seafloor. This process is able to generate a signal strong enough to be recorded by the NEMO-SN1 seafloor observatory that hides frequencies linked to the oceanographic noise, permitting the offshore monitoring of the volcanic activity of Mt. Etna. |
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