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Preliminary geochemical characterization of groundwater drained by the Roman emissary of Lake Albano (Italy)
Author(s)
Language
English
Obiettivo Specifico
6A. Geochimica per l'ambiente
Status
Published
JCR Journal
JCR Journal
Peer review journal
Yes
Title of the book
Issue/vol(year)
/76(2017)
Pages (printed)
289
Issued date
April 6, 2017
Subjects
04.08. Volcanology
Abstract
Many lakes have been the object of hydraulic
works in historical times, and the drainage tunnel carved by
Romans for regulating the level of Lake Albano (Central
Italy) can be considered as one of the most important
historical hydraulic tunnels in the world. We sampled and
analysed lake water, as well as groundwater samples from
the Lake Albano emissary and another hydraulic work in
the area (Ninfeo), which were analysed for their geochemical
and isotopic composition in order to extract
useful information for a possible reuse of the tunnel for
anthropogenic purposes. The collected water samples
exhibit common chemical features, typical of water–rock
interaction processes in volcanic areas. Analyses of minor
and trace elements confirmed the abovementioned results,
indicating the presence of an atmospheric pollution source
for heavy metals, although their concentrations are mostly
below the Maximum Admitted Concentrations for drinking
water issued by the World Health Organization. The
chemical composition of dissolved gases indicated that
both lake and groundwater are mainly enriched in CO2.
Isotopic analyses suggested a clear volcanic origin for CO2
dissolved in lake water, while carbon dioxide in groundwater
from the Roman emissary is produced by soil respiration.
As further confirmed by Oxygen and Deuterium
isotopic composition, the Roman emissary drains local
suspended aquifers neither in contact with the lake water body nor influenced by volcanic activity, suggesting the opportunity to use the tunnel as a ‘‘zero-condition’’ monitoring
site for individuating a possible future renewal of
volcanic activity.
works in historical times, and the drainage tunnel carved by
Romans for regulating the level of Lake Albano (Central
Italy) can be considered as one of the most important
historical hydraulic tunnels in the world. We sampled and
analysed lake water, as well as groundwater samples from
the Lake Albano emissary and another hydraulic work in
the area (Ninfeo), which were analysed for their geochemical
and isotopic composition in order to extract
useful information for a possible reuse of the tunnel for
anthropogenic purposes. The collected water samples
exhibit common chemical features, typical of water–rock
interaction processes in volcanic areas. Analyses of minor
and trace elements confirmed the abovementioned results,
indicating the presence of an atmospheric pollution source
for heavy metals, although their concentrations are mostly
below the Maximum Admitted Concentrations for drinking
water issued by the World Health Organization. The
chemical composition of dissolved gases indicated that
both lake and groundwater are mainly enriched in CO2.
Isotopic analyses suggested a clear volcanic origin for CO2
dissolved in lake water, while carbon dioxide in groundwater
from the Roman emissary is produced by soil respiration.
As further confirmed by Oxygen and Deuterium
isotopic composition, the Roman emissary drains local
suspended aquifers neither in contact with the lake water body nor influenced by volcanic activity, suggesting the opportunity to use the tunnel as a ‘‘zero-condition’’ monitoring
site for individuating a possible future renewal of
volcanic activity.
References
Anzidei M, Esposito A, De Giosa F (2006) The dark side of the
Albano crater lake. Ann Geophys 49(6):1275–1287
Anzidei M, Carapezza ML, Esposito A, Giordano G, Lelli M,
Tarchini L (2008) The Albano Maar Lake high resolution
bathymetry and dissolved CO2 budget (Colli Albani volcano,
Italy): constrains to hazard evaluation. J Volcanol Geotherm Res
171:258–268
Boutton TW (1991) Stable carbon isotope ratios of natural materials:
II. atmospheric, terrestrial, marine and freshwater environments.
In: Coleman DC, Fry B (eds) Carbon isotopes techniques.
Academic Press, Sandiego, pp 173–186
Cabassi J, Tassi F, Vaselli O, Fiebig J, Nocentini M, Capecchiacci F,
Rouwet D, Bicocchi G (2013) Biogeochemical processes
involving dissolved CO2 and CH4 at Albano, Averno, and
Monticchio meromictic volcanic lakes (Central–Southern Italy).
Bull Volcanol 75:683. doi:10.1007/s00445-012-0683-0
Capasso G, Inguaggiato S (1998) A simple method for the determination
of dissolved gases in natural waters. An application to
thermal waters from Vulcano Island. Appl Geochem
13(5):631–642
Capasso G, Favara R, Grassa F, Inguaggiato S, Longo M (2005) Online
technique for preparing and measuring stable carbon isotope
of total dissolved inorganic carbon in water samples (d13CTDIC).
Ann Geophys 48:159–166
Caputo C, Funiciello R, La Manica GB, Lupia Palmieri E, Parotto M
(1974) Geomorphological features of the latian volcano (Alban
Hill, Italy). Geologica Romana 13:157–202
Caputo C, Ciccacci S, D’Alessandro L, Davoli L, Fredi P, La Monica
GB, Lupia Palmieri E, Pugliese F, Raffi R (1986) Progetto
‘‘Lago Albano’’. Indagini climatiche, geomorfologiche e sedimentologiche.
Provincia di Roma 1–14
Carapezza ML, Badalamenti B, Cavarra L, Scalzo A (2003) Gas
hazard assessment in a densely inhabited area of Colli Albani
volcano (Cava dei Selci, Roma). J Volcanol Geotherm Res
123:81–94
Carapezza ML, Lelli M, Tarchini L (2008) Geochemistry of the
Albano and Nemi crater lakes in the volcanic district of Alban
Hills (Rome, Italy). J Volcanol Geotherm Res 178:297–304
Casale P, De Martin M, Germani C (2012) Il Progetto Ipodata:
stazioni sismiche in siti ipogei. Atti VIII Convegno Nazionale di
Speleologia in Cavita` Artificiali, Ragusa September 7/9, 2012,
Speleologia Iblea, pp 205–217
Castellani V, Dragoni W (1990) Italian tunnels in antiquity. Tunn
Tunn 23:55–58
Chiarucci P (1987) Indagini sul Lago di Albano. Documenta Albana,
ii serie 9:19–29
Chiodini G, Frondini F, Ponziani F (1995) Deep structures and carbon
dioxide degassing in Central Italy. Geothermics 24:81–94
Chiodini G, Cardellini C, Amato A, Boschi E, Caliro S, Frondini F
(2004) Carbon dioxide Earth degassing and seismogenesis in
Central and southern Italy. Geophys Res Lett. doi:10.1029/
2004GL019480
Cioni R, Guidi M, Raco B, Marini L, Gambardella B (2003) Water
chemistry of Lake Albano (Italy). J Volcanol Geotherm Res
120:179–195
D’Ippoliti D, Santelli E, De Sario M, Scortichini M, Davoli M,
Michelozzi P (2015) Arsenic in drinking water and mortality for
cancer and chronic diseases in Central Italy, 1990–2010. PLoS
ONE 10(9):e0138182. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0138182
De Rita D, Faccenna C, Funiciello R, Rosa C (1995) Stratigraphy and
volcano-tectonics. In: Trigila (ed) The Volcano of the Alban
Hills. Tipografia SGS, Roma, pp 33–71
Favara R, Grassa F, Inguaggiato S, Pecoraino G, Capasso G (2002) A
simple method to determine the d13C content of total dissolved
inorganic carbon. Geofis Int 41(3):313–320
Federico C, Aiuppa A, Favara R, Gurrieri S, Valenza M (2004)
Geochemical monitoring of groundwaters (1998–2001) at Vesuvius
volcano (Italy). J Volcanol Geotherm Res 133:81–104
Fornaseri M, Scherillo A, Ventriglia U (1963) La RegioneVulcanica
dei Colli Albani. CNR, Roma, p 550
Funiciello R, Giordano De Rita D (2003) The Albano maar lake (Colli
Albani volcano, Italy): recent volcanic activity and evidence of
pre-Roman Age catastrophic lahar events. J Volcanol Geotherm
Res 123:43–61
Funiciello R, Giordano G, De Rita D, Carapezza ML, Barberi F
(2002) L’attivita` recente del cratere del Lago Albano di
Castelgandolfo. Rend Fis Acc Lincei 9(13):113–143
Galeazzi C, Germani C, Parise M (2012) Gli antichi emissari
artificiali dei bacini endoreici. Opera Ipogea 1:3–10
Galeazzi C, Germani C, Casciotti L (2015) The drainage tunnel of
lake Albano (Rome, Italy) and the 3-years study program
‘‘Project Albanus’’: a progress report. Proceedings of International
Congress of Speleology in Artificial Cavities ‘‘HYPOGEA2015’’,
Rome March 11/17, 2015, pp 178–191
Gensemer RW, Playle RC (1999) The bioavailability and toxicity of
aluminum in aquatic environments. Crirt Rev Environ Sci Tech
29(4):315–450. doi:10.1080/10643389991259245
Giannini N (2006) Canalizzazioni sotterranee e mulini altomedievali
in un’area campione dei Colli Albani tra il Nemus Dianae e
l’Albanum. In: Lombardi L, Lena G, Pazzagli G (eds) Atti
Convegno Tecnica di Idraulica Antica. Le opere di captazione:
dighe, cunicoli, esautori, ieri e oggi. Supplemento a Geologia
dell’Ambiente 4-2006, Roma, pp 121–144
Giordano G, De Benedetti AA, Diana A, Diano G, Gaudioso F,
Marasco F, Miceli M, Mollo S, Casa RAF, Funiciello R (2006)
The Colli Albani mafic caldera (Roma, Italy): Stratigraphy,
structure and petrology. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 155:49–80
Judson S, Kahane A (1963) Underground drainageways in southern
Europa and northern Lazio. Pap Br Sch Rome 31:74–99
Karner DB, Marra F, Renne PR (2001) The history of the Monti
Sabatini and Alban Hills volcanoes: groundwork for assessing
volcanic–tectonic hazards for Rome. J Volcanol Geotherm Res
107:185–219
Longinelli A, Selmo E (2003) Isotopic composition of precipitation in
Italy: a first overall map. J Hydrol 270:75–88
Madonia P, Barile R, Colomela D, Conti P, Federico C, Giugliano P,
Mascolo R, Messana V, Melosu M (2008) Il complesso di
gallerie drenanti Chianatelle-Felice-Olivella nel Parco Nazionale
del Vesuvio (Napoli). Opera Ipogea 1/2:225
Madonia P, Federico C, Favara R (2014) Isotopic composition of rainand
groundwater at Mt. Vesuvius: environmental and volcanological
implications. Environ Earth Sci 72:2009–2018.
doi:10.1007/s12665-014-3110-3
Marra F, Freda C, Scarlato P, Taddeucci J, Karner DB, Renne PR,
Gaeta M, Palladino DM, Trigila R, Cavarretta G (2003) Postcaldera
activity in the Alban Hills volcanic district (Italy): 40Ar/
39Ar geochronology and insights into magma evolution. Bull
Volcanol 65:227–247
Albano crater lake. Ann Geophys 49(6):1275–1287
Anzidei M, Carapezza ML, Esposito A, Giordano G, Lelli M,
Tarchini L (2008) The Albano Maar Lake high resolution
bathymetry and dissolved CO2 budget (Colli Albani volcano,
Italy): constrains to hazard evaluation. J Volcanol Geotherm Res
171:258–268
Boutton TW (1991) Stable carbon isotope ratios of natural materials:
II. atmospheric, terrestrial, marine and freshwater environments.
In: Coleman DC, Fry B (eds) Carbon isotopes techniques.
Academic Press, Sandiego, pp 173–186
Cabassi J, Tassi F, Vaselli O, Fiebig J, Nocentini M, Capecchiacci F,
Rouwet D, Bicocchi G (2013) Biogeochemical processes
involving dissolved CO2 and CH4 at Albano, Averno, and
Monticchio meromictic volcanic lakes (Central–Southern Italy).
Bull Volcanol 75:683. doi:10.1007/s00445-012-0683-0
Capasso G, Inguaggiato S (1998) A simple method for the determination
of dissolved gases in natural waters. An application to
thermal waters from Vulcano Island. Appl Geochem
13(5):631–642
Capasso G, Favara R, Grassa F, Inguaggiato S, Longo M (2005) Online
technique for preparing and measuring stable carbon isotope
of total dissolved inorganic carbon in water samples (d13CTDIC).
Ann Geophys 48:159–166
Caputo C, Funiciello R, La Manica GB, Lupia Palmieri E, Parotto M
(1974) Geomorphological features of the latian volcano (Alban
Hill, Italy). Geologica Romana 13:157–202
Caputo C, Ciccacci S, D’Alessandro L, Davoli L, Fredi P, La Monica
GB, Lupia Palmieri E, Pugliese F, Raffi R (1986) Progetto
‘‘Lago Albano’’. Indagini climatiche, geomorfologiche e sedimentologiche.
Provincia di Roma 1–14
Carapezza ML, Badalamenti B, Cavarra L, Scalzo A (2003) Gas
hazard assessment in a densely inhabited area of Colli Albani
volcano (Cava dei Selci, Roma). J Volcanol Geotherm Res
123:81–94
Carapezza ML, Lelli M, Tarchini L (2008) Geochemistry of the
Albano and Nemi crater lakes in the volcanic district of Alban
Hills (Rome, Italy). J Volcanol Geotherm Res 178:297–304
Casale P, De Martin M, Germani C (2012) Il Progetto Ipodata:
stazioni sismiche in siti ipogei. Atti VIII Convegno Nazionale di
Speleologia in Cavita` Artificiali, Ragusa September 7/9, 2012,
Speleologia Iblea, pp 205–217
Castellani V, Dragoni W (1990) Italian tunnels in antiquity. Tunn
Tunn 23:55–58
Chiarucci P (1987) Indagini sul Lago di Albano. Documenta Albana,
ii serie 9:19–29
Chiodini G, Frondini F, Ponziani F (1995) Deep structures and carbon
dioxide degassing in Central Italy. Geothermics 24:81–94
Chiodini G, Cardellini C, Amato A, Boschi E, Caliro S, Frondini F
(2004) Carbon dioxide Earth degassing and seismogenesis in
Central and southern Italy. Geophys Res Lett. doi:10.1029/
2004GL019480
Cioni R, Guidi M, Raco B, Marini L, Gambardella B (2003) Water
chemistry of Lake Albano (Italy). J Volcanol Geotherm Res
120:179–195
D’Ippoliti D, Santelli E, De Sario M, Scortichini M, Davoli M,
Michelozzi P (2015) Arsenic in drinking water and mortality for
cancer and chronic diseases in Central Italy, 1990–2010. PLoS
ONE 10(9):e0138182. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0138182
De Rita D, Faccenna C, Funiciello R, Rosa C (1995) Stratigraphy and
volcano-tectonics. In: Trigila (ed) The Volcano of the Alban
Hills. Tipografia SGS, Roma, pp 33–71
Favara R, Grassa F, Inguaggiato S, Pecoraino G, Capasso G (2002) A
simple method to determine the d13C content of total dissolved
inorganic carbon. Geofis Int 41(3):313–320
Federico C, Aiuppa A, Favara R, Gurrieri S, Valenza M (2004)
Geochemical monitoring of groundwaters (1998–2001) at Vesuvius
volcano (Italy). J Volcanol Geotherm Res 133:81–104
Fornaseri M, Scherillo A, Ventriglia U (1963) La RegioneVulcanica
dei Colli Albani. CNR, Roma, p 550
Funiciello R, Giordano De Rita D (2003) The Albano maar lake (Colli
Albani volcano, Italy): recent volcanic activity and evidence of
pre-Roman Age catastrophic lahar events. J Volcanol Geotherm
Res 123:43–61
Funiciello R, Giordano G, De Rita D, Carapezza ML, Barberi F
(2002) L’attivita` recente del cratere del Lago Albano di
Castelgandolfo. Rend Fis Acc Lincei 9(13):113–143
Galeazzi C, Germani C, Parise M (2012) Gli antichi emissari
artificiali dei bacini endoreici. Opera Ipogea 1:3–10
Galeazzi C, Germani C, Casciotti L (2015) The drainage tunnel of
lake Albano (Rome, Italy) and the 3-years study program
‘‘Project Albanus’’: a progress report. Proceedings of International
Congress of Speleology in Artificial Cavities ‘‘HYPOGEA2015’’,
Rome March 11/17, 2015, pp 178–191
Gensemer RW, Playle RC (1999) The bioavailability and toxicity of
aluminum in aquatic environments. Crirt Rev Environ Sci Tech
29(4):315–450. doi:10.1080/10643389991259245
Giannini N (2006) Canalizzazioni sotterranee e mulini altomedievali
in un’area campione dei Colli Albani tra il Nemus Dianae e
l’Albanum. In: Lombardi L, Lena G, Pazzagli G (eds) Atti
Convegno Tecnica di Idraulica Antica. Le opere di captazione:
dighe, cunicoli, esautori, ieri e oggi. Supplemento a Geologia
dell’Ambiente 4-2006, Roma, pp 121–144
Giordano G, De Benedetti AA, Diana A, Diano G, Gaudioso F,
Marasco F, Miceli M, Mollo S, Casa RAF, Funiciello R (2006)
The Colli Albani mafic caldera (Roma, Italy): Stratigraphy,
structure and petrology. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 155:49–80
Judson S, Kahane A (1963) Underground drainageways in southern
Europa and northern Lazio. Pap Br Sch Rome 31:74–99
Karner DB, Marra F, Renne PR (2001) The history of the Monti
Sabatini and Alban Hills volcanoes: groundwork for assessing
volcanic–tectonic hazards for Rome. J Volcanol Geotherm Res
107:185–219
Longinelli A, Selmo E (2003) Isotopic composition of precipitation in
Italy: a first overall map. J Hydrol 270:75–88
Madonia P, Barile R, Colomela D, Conti P, Federico C, Giugliano P,
Mascolo R, Messana V, Melosu M (2008) Il complesso di
gallerie drenanti Chianatelle-Felice-Olivella nel Parco Nazionale
del Vesuvio (Napoli). Opera Ipogea 1/2:225
Madonia P, Federico C, Favara R (2014) Isotopic composition of rainand
groundwater at Mt. Vesuvius: environmental and volcanological
implications. Environ Earth Sci 72:2009–2018.
doi:10.1007/s12665-014-3110-3
Marra F, Freda C, Scarlato P, Taddeucci J, Karner DB, Renne PR,
Gaeta M, Palladino DM, Trigila R, Cavarretta G (2003) Postcaldera
activity in the Alban Hills volcanic district (Italy): 40Ar/
39Ar geochronology and insights into magma evolution. Bull
Volcanol 65:227–247
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