Ionospheric vertical radio soundings

"Campus Reiss Romoli" COPPITO L’AQUILA (ITALY)

The presentation deals with one of the most popular technique to investigate the terrestrial ionosphere: the
vertical radio sounding.
The basic elements of the radar theory are explained starting from the envelope radar up to the most sophisticated techniques of the coded radars.
Antennas design elements and problems are highlighted along with the most common solutions.
Then the principles of the ionospheric measurements are reported from the ionogram to the ionospheric parameters and to the density profile.
A real example of a geomagnetic storm is also presented.

Budden K.G.: 1966, Radiowave in the ionosphere, Cambridge Univ. Press UK.

Davies K.: 1990, Ionospheric Radio, published as IEE Electromagnetic Waves Series No, 31 Peter Peregrinus Ltd London, UK.

McNamara L. F.: 1991, The ionosphere: communications, surveillance and direction finding, Krieger Publishing Company.

Hunsucker R. D., Radio techniques for probing the terrestrial ionosphere, Springer-Verlag.