FEMSA: a finite element simulation tool for quasi-static seismic deformation modeling
Language
English
Status
Published
JCR Journal
JCR Journal
Peer review journal
Yes
Journal
Issue/vol(year)
3/50 (2007)
Publisher
Editrice Compositori
Pages (printed)
367-385
Date Issued
June 2007
Abstract
We set up a computational tool to numerically model static and quasi-static deformation generated by faulting
sources embedded in plane or spherical domains. We use a Finite Element (FE) approach to automatically implement
arbitrary faulting sources and calculate displacement and stress fields induced by slip on the fault. The
package makes use of the capabilities of CalculiX, a non commercial FE software designed to solve field problems
(see <http://www.calculix.de> for details), and is freely distributed by request.
sources embedded in plane or spherical domains. We use a Finite Element (FE) approach to automatically implement
arbitrary faulting sources and calculate displacement and stress fields induced by slip on the fault. The
package makes use of the capabilities of CalculiX, a non commercial FE software designed to solve field problems
(see <http://www.calculix.de> for details), and is freely distributed by request.
References
ANTONIOLI, A., A. PIERSANTI and G. SPADA (1998): Stress
diffusion following large strike-slip earthquakes: a
comparison between spherical and flat-earth models,
Geophys. J. Int., 133, 85-90.
ÁRNADÓTTIR, T., S. JÓNSSON, S.S. POLLITZ, W. JIANG and
K.L. FEIGL (2005): Postseismic deformation following
the June 2000 earthquake sequence in the south Iceland
seismic zone, J. Geophys. Res., 110, B12308, doi:
10.1029/2005JB003701.
BANERJEE, P., F.F. POLLITZ and R. BÜRGMANN (2005): Size
and duration of the great 2004 Sumatra-Andaman
earthquake from far-field static offsets, Science, 308,
1769-1772.
BONAFEDE, M., B. PARENTI and E. RIVALTA (2002): On
strike slip faulting in layered media, Geophys. J. Int.,
149, 698-723.
BOSCHI, E., E. CASAROTTI, R. DEVOTI, D. MELINI, A. PIERSANTI,
G. PIETRANTONIO and F. RIGUZZI (2006): Coseismic
deformation induced by the Sumatra earthquake, J.
Geodyn., 42, 52-62.
BURRIDGE, R. and L. KNOPOFF (1964): Body force equivalents
for seismic dislocations, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am.,
54, 1875-1888.
CIANETTI, S., C. GIUNCHI and M. COCCO (2005): Three-dimensional
finite elements modeling of stress interaction:
an application to Landers and Hector Mine fault
systems, J. Geophys. Res., 110, B05617, doi: 10.1029/
2004JB003384.
COOK, R.D., D.S. MALKUS, M.E. PLESHA and R.J. WITT
(2002): Concept and Applications of Finite Element
Analysis (John Wiley & Sons Ltd.), 4th edition, pp. 719.
DHONDT, G. (2004): The Finite Element Method for Three-
Dimensional Thermomechanical Applications (John
Wiley & Sons Ltd.), pp. 340.
DZIEWONSKI, A.M and D.L. ANDERSON (1981): Preliminary
reference Earth model, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 25,
297-356.
HUDNUT, K.W., Z. SHEN, M. MURRAY, S. MCCLUSKY, R.
KING, T. HERRING, B. HAGER,Y. FENG, P. FANG, A. DONNELLAN
and Y. BOCK (1996): Co-seismic displacements
for the 1994 Northridge, California, Earthquake, Bull.
Seismol. Soc. Am., 86, S19-S36.
MA, X.Q. and N.J. KUSZNIR (1992): 3D subsurface displacement
and strain fields for faults and fault arrays in
layered elastic half-space, Geophys. J. Int., 111, 542-
558.
MA, X.Q. and N.J. KUSZNIR (1994): Effects of rigidity layering,
gravity and stress relaxation on 3D subsurface fault
displacement fields, Geophys. J. Int., 118, 201-220.
MASTERLARK, T., C. DEMETS, H.F. WANG, O. SANCHEZ and
J. STOCK (2001): Homogeneous vs heterogeneous subduction
zone models: coseismic and postseismic deformation,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 4047-4050.
MEGNA, A., S. BARBA and S. SANTINI (2005): Normal-fault
stress and displacement through finite-element analysis,
Ann. Geophysics, 48 (6), 1009-1016.
NOSTRO, C., A. PIERSANTI, A. ANTONIOLI and G. SPADA
(1999): Spherical versus flat models of coseismic and
postseismic deformations, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 13115-
13134.
OKADA, Y. (1985): Surface deformation due to shear and tensile faults in a half-space, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am.,
75, 1135-1154.
OKADA, Y. (1992): Internal deformation due to shear and
tensile faults in a half-space, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am.,
82, 1018-1040.
PIERSANTI, A., G. SPADA, R. SABADINI and M. BONAFEDE
(1995): Global postseismic deformation, Geophys. J.
Int., 120, 544-566
PIERSANTI, A., G. SPADA and R. SABADINI (1997): Global
postseismic rebound of a viscoelastic Earth: theory for
finite faults and applications to the 1964 Alaska earthquake,
J. Geophys. Res., 102, 477-492
POLLITZ, F.F. (1992): Postseismic relaxation theory on a
layered spherical Earth, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 82,
422-453.
RIVALTA, E.,W. MANGIAVILLAMO and M. BONAFEDE (2002):
The edge dislocation problem in a layered elastic medium,
Geophys. J. Int., 149, 508-523.
ROTH, F. (1990): Subsurface deformations in a layered elastic
half space, Geophys. J. Int., 103, 147-155.
ROTH, F. (1993): Deformations in a layered crust due to a
system of cracks: modeling the effect of dike injections
or dilatancy, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 4543-4551.
RYBICKI, K. (1986): Dislocations and their geophysical application,
in Continuum Theories in Solid Earth
Physics, edited by R. TEISSEYRE (PWH-Polish Scientific
Publishers, Warsaw), 18-175.
SAGIYA, T. and W. THATCHER (1999): Coseismic slip resolution
along a plate boundary megathrust: the Nankai
trough, southwest Japan, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 1111-
1129.
SAVAGE, J.C. (1998): Displacement field for an edge dislocation
in a layered half-space, J. Geophys. Res., 103,
2439-2446.
SAVAGE, J.C., J.L. SVARC and S.-B. YU (2005): Postseismic
relaxation and transient creep, J. Geophys. Res., 110,
B11402, doi: 10.1029/2005JB003687.
TSAI, V.C., M. NETTLES, G. EKSTROM and A.M. DZIEWONSKY
(2005): Multiple CMT source analysis of the 2004
Sumatra earthquake, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L17304.
WU, P. (2004): Using commercial finite element packages
for the study of earth deformations, sea levels and the
state of stress, Geophys. J. Int., 158, 401-408.
XING, H.L. and A. MAKINOUCHI (2000): A node-to-point
contact element strategy and its applications, RIKEN
Rev., 30, 35-39.
XING, H.L. and A. MAKINOUCHI (2002): Finite element
modeling of multi-body contact and its application to
active faults, Concurrency and Computation: Practice
and Experience, 14, 431-450.
diffusion following large strike-slip earthquakes: a
comparison between spherical and flat-earth models,
Geophys. J. Int., 133, 85-90.
ÁRNADÓTTIR, T., S. JÓNSSON, S.S. POLLITZ, W. JIANG and
K.L. FEIGL (2005): Postseismic deformation following
the June 2000 earthquake sequence in the south Iceland
seismic zone, J. Geophys. Res., 110, B12308, doi:
10.1029/2005JB003701.
BANERJEE, P., F.F. POLLITZ and R. BÜRGMANN (2005): Size
and duration of the great 2004 Sumatra-Andaman
earthquake from far-field static offsets, Science, 308,
1769-1772.
BONAFEDE, M., B. PARENTI and E. RIVALTA (2002): On
strike slip faulting in layered media, Geophys. J. Int.,
149, 698-723.
BOSCHI, E., E. CASAROTTI, R. DEVOTI, D. MELINI, A. PIERSANTI,
G. PIETRANTONIO and F. RIGUZZI (2006): Coseismic
deformation induced by the Sumatra earthquake, J.
Geodyn., 42, 52-62.
BURRIDGE, R. and L. KNOPOFF (1964): Body force equivalents
for seismic dislocations, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am.,
54, 1875-1888.
CIANETTI, S., C. GIUNCHI and M. COCCO (2005): Three-dimensional
finite elements modeling of stress interaction:
an application to Landers and Hector Mine fault
systems, J. Geophys. Res., 110, B05617, doi: 10.1029/
2004JB003384.
COOK, R.D., D.S. MALKUS, M.E. PLESHA and R.J. WITT
(2002): Concept and Applications of Finite Element
Analysis (John Wiley & Sons Ltd.), 4th edition, pp. 719.
DHONDT, G. (2004): The Finite Element Method for Three-
Dimensional Thermomechanical Applications (John
Wiley & Sons Ltd.), pp. 340.
DZIEWONSKI, A.M and D.L. ANDERSON (1981): Preliminary
reference Earth model, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 25,
297-356.
HUDNUT, K.W., Z. SHEN, M. MURRAY, S. MCCLUSKY, R.
KING, T. HERRING, B. HAGER,Y. FENG, P. FANG, A. DONNELLAN
and Y. BOCK (1996): Co-seismic displacements
for the 1994 Northridge, California, Earthquake, Bull.
Seismol. Soc. Am., 86, S19-S36.
MA, X.Q. and N.J. KUSZNIR (1992): 3D subsurface displacement
and strain fields for faults and fault arrays in
layered elastic half-space, Geophys. J. Int., 111, 542-
558.
MA, X.Q. and N.J. KUSZNIR (1994): Effects of rigidity layering,
gravity and stress relaxation on 3D subsurface fault
displacement fields, Geophys. J. Int., 118, 201-220.
MASTERLARK, T., C. DEMETS, H.F. WANG, O. SANCHEZ and
J. STOCK (2001): Homogeneous vs heterogeneous subduction
zone models: coseismic and postseismic deformation,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 4047-4050.
MEGNA, A., S. BARBA and S. SANTINI (2005): Normal-fault
stress and displacement through finite-element analysis,
Ann. Geophysics, 48 (6), 1009-1016.
NOSTRO, C., A. PIERSANTI, A. ANTONIOLI and G. SPADA
(1999): Spherical versus flat models of coseismic and
postseismic deformations, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 13115-
13134.
OKADA, Y. (1985): Surface deformation due to shear and tensile faults in a half-space, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am.,
75, 1135-1154.
OKADA, Y. (1992): Internal deformation due to shear and
tensile faults in a half-space, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am.,
82, 1018-1040.
PIERSANTI, A., G. SPADA, R. SABADINI and M. BONAFEDE
(1995): Global postseismic deformation, Geophys. J.
Int., 120, 544-566
PIERSANTI, A., G. SPADA and R. SABADINI (1997): Global
postseismic rebound of a viscoelastic Earth: theory for
finite faults and applications to the 1964 Alaska earthquake,
J. Geophys. Res., 102, 477-492
POLLITZ, F.F. (1992): Postseismic relaxation theory on a
layered spherical Earth, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 82,
422-453.
RIVALTA, E.,W. MANGIAVILLAMO and M. BONAFEDE (2002):
The edge dislocation problem in a layered elastic medium,
Geophys. J. Int., 149, 508-523.
ROTH, F. (1990): Subsurface deformations in a layered elastic
half space, Geophys. J. Int., 103, 147-155.
ROTH, F. (1993): Deformations in a layered crust due to a
system of cracks: modeling the effect of dike injections
or dilatancy, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 4543-4551.
RYBICKI, K. (1986): Dislocations and their geophysical application,
in Continuum Theories in Solid Earth
Physics, edited by R. TEISSEYRE (PWH-Polish Scientific
Publishers, Warsaw), 18-175.
SAGIYA, T. and W. THATCHER (1999): Coseismic slip resolution
along a plate boundary megathrust: the Nankai
trough, southwest Japan, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 1111-
1129.
SAVAGE, J.C. (1998): Displacement field for an edge dislocation
in a layered half-space, J. Geophys. Res., 103,
2439-2446.
SAVAGE, J.C., J.L. SVARC and S.-B. YU (2005): Postseismic
relaxation and transient creep, J. Geophys. Res., 110,
B11402, doi: 10.1029/2005JB003687.
TSAI, V.C., M. NETTLES, G. EKSTROM and A.M. DZIEWONSKY
(2005): Multiple CMT source analysis of the 2004
Sumatra earthquake, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L17304.
WU, P. (2004): Using commercial finite element packages
for the study of earth deformations, sea levels and the
state of stress, Geophys. J. Int., 158, 401-408.
XING, H.L. and A. MAKINOUCHI (2000): A node-to-point
contact element strategy and its applications, RIKEN
Rev., 30, 35-39.
XING, H.L. and A. MAKINOUCHI (2002): Finite element
modeling of multi-body contact and its application to
active faults, Concurrency and Computation: Practice
and Experience, 14, 431-450.
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