Spatial domain analysis of carbon dioxide from soils on Vulcano Island: Implications for CO2 output evaluation
Language
English
Obiettivo Specifico
4V. Vulcani e ambiente
5V. Sorveglianza vulcanica ed emergenze
Status
Published
JCR Journal
JCR Journal
Peer review journal
Yes
Journal
Issue/vol(year)
/444(2016)
ISSN
0009-2541
Electronic ISSN
1872-6836
Publisher
Elsevier Science Limited
Pages (printed)
59-70
Date Issued
September 28, 2016
Abstract
The carbon dioxide emissions of volcanoes have been targeted as effective contributors of CO2 to the atmosphere.
However, different sources can be effective and active at the same time in the generation and release of CO2 in
volcanic zones. Since isotopic fingerprinting of CO2 allows the precise identification of different sources, coupling
carbon isotope and CO2 flux measurements enables the evaluation of the mass contribution of each source to the
carbon dioxide emissions. This paper accounts for the first extensive spatial analysis of coupled measurements of
carbon isotopologues of CO2 in the soil gases and CO2 fluxes discharged by soils on Vulcano Island. An innovative
method has been designed, tested and fine-tuned in the laboratory to measure δ13C(CO2) values directly in field
using a new type of laser-based isotopologues analyzer, namely a DeltaRay™ (Thermo Fisher Scientific). The
method can be used to determine the carbon isotope composition across the full range of CO2 concentrations
in the soil gases (0 – 100 vol%). These data have been combined with measurements of the CO2 contents in the
soil gases to distinguish CO2 from deep origins from CO2 of biogenic origin in the inhabited area of Vulcano
Porto. The method of evaluating the amount of deep-origin CO2 in the soil gases is widely applicable in volcanic
and geothermal zones for evaluation and monitoring purposes for both gas and volcanic hazards.
However, different sources can be effective and active at the same time in the generation and release of CO2 in
volcanic zones. Since isotopic fingerprinting of CO2 allows the precise identification of different sources, coupling
carbon isotope and CO2 flux measurements enables the evaluation of the mass contribution of each source to the
carbon dioxide emissions. This paper accounts for the first extensive spatial analysis of coupled measurements of
carbon isotopologues of CO2 in the soil gases and CO2 fluxes discharged by soils on Vulcano Island. An innovative
method has been designed, tested and fine-tuned in the laboratory to measure δ13C(CO2) values directly in field
using a new type of laser-based isotopologues analyzer, namely a DeltaRay™ (Thermo Fisher Scientific). The
method can be used to determine the carbon isotope composition across the full range of CO2 concentrations
in the soil gases (0 – 100 vol%). These data have been combined with measurements of the CO2 contents in the
soil gases to distinguish CO2 from deep origins from CO2 of biogenic origin in the inhabited area of Vulcano
Porto. The method of evaluating the amount of deep-origin CO2 in the soil gases is widely applicable in volcanic
and geothermal zones for evaluation and monitoring purposes for both gas and volcanic hazards.
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