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Kylling, Arve
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- PublicationRestrictedObservations and Retrievals of Volcanic Ash Clouds Using Ground- and Satellite-Based Sensors(2023)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;This work was born from a wish of remembering the fundamental contribution of Prof. Frank Silvio Marzano to the field of physical volcanology. In fact, for the last fifteen years and in the context of several European projects, Prof. Marzano collaborated with many volcanologists as well as scientists from different fields and wrote many scientific articles aimed at studying the dynamics of explosive eruptions. He left his imprinting in this research sector laying the foundations of radar volcanology in Italy, and extended his studies to other sensors. His work is relevant for the analysis of the main eruption source parameters needed to characterize the eruptive events. Here we show how remote sensing instruments applied to analyze explosive activity of different volcanoes worldwide, are going to increase the knowledge in this multidisciplinary research area and the awareness from the scientific community of the potential of these sensors at various wavelengths.83 1 - PublicationRestrictedMultisatellite Multisensor Observations of a Sub-Plinian Volcanic Eruption: The 2015 Calbuco Explosive Event in Chile(2018)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;; ; ; ; ;; A-train satellite data, acquired during the Calbuco volcano (Chile) sub-Plinian eruption in April 2015, are discussed to explore the complementarity of spaceborne observations in the microwave (MW), thermal infrared (TIR), and visible wavelengths for both near-source plume and distal ash clouds. The analysis shows that TIR-based detection techniques are not suitable near the volcanic vent where rising convective columns are associated with large optical depths. Detection and parametric estimates of near-source tephra mass loading and plume height from MW radiometric data, available 69 min after the eruption onset, are proposed. Results indicate a maximum plume altitude of about 21 km above the sea level and an ash mass of 3.65 × 10^10 kg, in agreement with mass values obtained from empirical formulas, but less than proximal– distal mass deposit of 1.86 × 10^11 kg. This discrepancy may be explained by extrapolating Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder-based estimates to 6 h, thus obtaining a total mass of about 1.90×10^11 kg. Distal volcanic cloud retrievals are derived from TIR imagery and results show a good agreement between Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) retrievals of total mass taking into account the overpass time shift. If only the overlapping pixels between MODIS and VIIRS are considered, the respective estimates are 1.90 × 10^9 kg and 1.80 × 10^9 kg. TIR radiometric estimates of distal ash cloud height and mass loadings are also compared with Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations lidar retrievals. For low-to-medium optically thick ash cloud, average Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization-derived mass loading is about 0.8 g/m2 against 0.4 g/m2 from VIIRS and 1.4 g/m2 from MODIS.277 6