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School of Engineering & Design, Brunel University, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
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- PublicationOpen AccessNew coring study in Augusta Bay expands understanding of offshore tsunami deposits (Eastern Sicily, Italy)(2020-04)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; Tsunami deposits present an important archive for understanding tsunami histories and dynamics. Most research in this field has focused on onshore preserved remains, while the offshore deposits have received less attention. In 2009, during a coring campaign with theItalian Navy Magnaghi, four 1 m long gravity cores (MG cores) were sampled from the northern part of Augusta Bay, along a transect in 60 to 110 m water depth. These cores were taken in the same area where a core (MS06) was collected in 2007 about 2.3 km offshore Augusta at a water depth of 72 m below sea level. Core MS06 consisted of a 6.7 m long sequence that included 12 anomalous intervals interpreted as the primary effect of tsunami backwash waves in the last 4500 years. In this study, tsunami deposits were identified, based on sedimentology and displaced benthic foraminifera (as for core MS06) reinforced by X-ray fluorescence data. Two erosional surfaces (L1 and L2) were recognized coupled with grain size increase, abundant Posidonia oceanica seagrass remains and a significant amount of Nubecularia lucifuga, an epiphytic sessile benthic foraminifera considered to be transported from the inner shelf. The occurrence of Ti/Ca and Ti/Sr increments, coinciding with peaks in organic matter (Mo inc/coh) suggests terrestrial run-off coupled with an input of organic matter. The L1 and L2 horizons were attributed to two distinct historical tsunamis (AD 1542 and AD 1693) by indirect age-estimation methods using 210Pb profiles and the comparison of Volume Magnetic Susceptibility data between MG cores and MS06 cores. One most recent bioturbated horizon (Bh), despite not matching the above listed interpretative features, recorded an important palaeoenvironmental change that may correspond to the AD 1908 tsunami. These findings reinforce the value of offshore sediment records as an underutilized resource for the identification of past tsunamis.424 28 - PublicationOpen AccessINGV final report of the project: Large earthquake faulting and implications for the Seismic Hazard Assessment in Europe: the Izmit-Duzce earthquake sequence of August-November 1999 (Turkey, Mw 7.4, 7.1)(2006-01)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Storia Geofisica Ambiente; ;Pantosti, D.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Pucci, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Palyvos, N.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;De Martini, P. M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;D'Addezio, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Akinci, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Zabci, C.; ITU ;Collins, P.; Brunel U ;Storia Geofisica Ambiente; SGA ;Fantucci, R.; subcontract; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; 196 245 - PublicationRestrictedPaleoearthquakes of the Duzce fault (North Anatolian Fault Zone): Insights for large surface faulting earthquake recurrence(2008)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Pantosti, D.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Pucci, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Palyvos, N.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;De Martini, P. M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;D'Addezio, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Collins, P. E. F.; School of Engineering and Design, Brunel University, Uxbridge, UK ;Zabci, C.; Department of Geological Engineering, Faculty of Mines, Istanbul; ; ; ; ; ; The 12 November 1999 Mw 7.1 earthquake ruptured the Du¨zce segment of the North Anatolian Fault Zone and produced a 40-km-long surface rupture. To improve knowledge about earthquake recurrence on this fault, we undertook paleoseismological trench investigations. We found evidence for repeated surface faulting paleoearthquakes predating the 1999 event during the past millennium. Dating was based on radiocarbon, 210Pb analyses, and archaeological considerations. In addition to the 1999 earthquake, prior surface faulting earthquakes are dated as follows: A.D. 1685–1900 (possibly end of 19th century), A.D. 1495–1700, and A.D. 685–1020 (possibly A.D. 890–1020). The A.D. 967 and A.D. 1878 historical earthquakes are good candidates to have ruptured the Du¨zce fault correlating with the oldest and penultimate paleoearthquakes. No obvious correlation for the third paleoearthquake (A.D. 1495–1700) exists. These results shows that the Du¨zce fault considerably participates, along with the parallel Mudurnu fault sections, in the seismogenic deformation taking place along this part of the North Anatolian Fault. Four events since A.D. 685–1020 (possibly A.D. 890–1020) would yield an average recurrence time for the Du¨zce fault of 330–430 years (possibly 330– 370 years). The three most recent earthquakes, including 1999, occurred within 500 years. Merging results from other paleoseismological studies along the Du¨zce fault show a consistency of results and yields average recurrence times for the past 2000 years of 320– 390 years. Assuming that the 1999 slip (2.7 m average, 5 m maximum) is representative of the behavior of this fault, the above recurrence times yield a reference figure of fault slip rate in the range 6.9–15.6 mm/a256 34