Browsing by Subject Syn-orogenic extrusion is proposed as a viable mechanism for the exhumation of HP-LT rock units of the Northern Apennines; • The Acquadolce Subunit of the Eastern Elba nappe stack was exhumed by upward extrusion within an actively shortening orogenic wedge; • Middle Miocene extension shaped the upper Northern Apennines orogenic wedge but did not contribute to the early exhumation of HP rocks.