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http://hdl.handle.net/2122/9618
Authors: | Del Bello, E.* Lane, S. J.* James, M.* Llewellin, E. W.* Taddeucci, J.* Scarlato, P.* Capponi, A.* |
Title: | Viscous plugging can enhance and modulate explosivity of strombolian eruptions | Journal: | Earth and planetary science letters | Series/Report no.: | /423 (2015) | Publisher: | Elsevier Science Limited | Issue Date: | 1-Aug-2015 | DOI: | 10.1016/j.epsl.2015.04.034 | URL: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X15002836 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/276902298_Viscous_plugging_can_enhance_and_modulate_explosivity_of_strombolian_eruptions |
Keywords: | analogue modeling strombolian explosions plugged vents volcano acoustic volcano infrasonic slug bursting Taylor bubble |
Subject Classification: | 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.06. Measurements and monitoring 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.02. Experimental volcanism 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions |
Abstract: | Strombolian activity is common in low-viscosity volcanism. It is characterised by quasi-periodic, short-lived explosions, which, whilst typically weak, may vary greatly in magnitude. The current paradigm for a strombolian volcanic eruption postulates a large gas bubble (slug) bursting explosively after ascending a conduit filled with low-viscosity magma. However, recent studies of pyroclast textures suggest the formation of a region of cooler, degassed, more-viscous magma at the top of the conduit is a common feature of strombolian eruptions. Following the hypothesis that such a rheological impedance could act as a ‘viscous plug’, which modifies and complicates gas escape processes, we conduct the first experimental investigation of this scenario. We find that: 1) the presence of a viscous plug enhances slug burst vigour; 2) experiments that include a viscous plug reproduce, and offer an explanation for, key phenomena observed in natural strombolian eruptions; 3) the presence and extent of the plug must be considered for the interpretation of infrasonic measurements of strombolian eruptions. Our scaled analogue experiments show that, as the gas slug expands on ascent, it forces the underlying low-viscosity liquid into the plug, creating a low-viscosity channel within a high-viscosity annulus. The slug's diameter and ascent rate change as it enters the channel, generating instabilities and increasing slug overpressure. When the slug reaches the surface, a more energetic burst process is observed than would be the case for a slug rising through the low-viscosity liquid alone. Fluid-dynamic instabilities cause low and high viscosity magma analogues to intermingle, and cause the burst to become pulsatory. The observed phenomena are reproduced by numerical fluid dynamic simulations at the volcanic scale, and provide a plausible explanation for pulsations, and the ejection of mingled pyroclasts, observed at Stromboli and elsewhere. |
Appears in Collections: | Article published / in press |
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DelBelloetal_2015_b_1-s2.0-S0012821X15002836-main.pdf | Main article | 1.37 MB | Adobe PDF | |
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